scholarly journals Metabolism of phosphorus compoundsand taxonomic position of the Aspergillus niger AM1 mold

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-124
Author(s):  
Anton Z. Mindubaev ◽  
◽  
Elena K. Badeeva ◽  
Salima T. Minzanova ◽  
Lubov’ G. Mironova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
White Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Ester ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

White phosphorus is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants. However, it is used in industry and for military purposes; therefore, it is impossible to overlook the fact that this substance is constantly released into the environment. In our works, cultures of microorganisms growing in media with a content of white phosphorus up to 1% were obtained for the first time. This exceeds the TLV in wastewater by 5000 times! These cultures are unique, and they are only in our possession. For the first time, cultures were grown in media containing white phosphorus as the sole source of phosphorus. In these environments, microorganisms grew without experiencing phosphorus starvation. That is, they oxidized white phosphorus to phosphate, which is necessary for vital activity! This is first ever example of the inclusion of white phosphorus in the biospheric circulation of the phosphorus element. It turned out that microorganisms that neutralize elemental phosphorus are able to biodegrade most of the spectrum of phosphorus compounds. Our studies of the metabolism of phosphorus-containing compounds of various classes confirm this. Since the chemistry of phosphorus is diverse, it is necessary to collect significant material on the metabolism of many classes of compounds. In this article, we describe the continuation of this work. It turned out that Aspergillus niger AM1 is able to utilize dithiophosphate of the simplest structure as sources of phosphorus, but is not able to utilize substituted dithiophosphonate. In addition, in the present work, we clarified the previously obtained results on the metabolism of phosphoric acid ester and phosphoramide.The NMR method demonstrated that A. niger AM1 slowly metabolizes hypophosphite resulting from the biodegradation of white phosphorus, but does not metabolize phosphite. The NMR data conforms to fungal growth dynamics with these substances in media. Also, was first studied phylogenetic relationship of A. niger AM1 with biodegradable A. niger and A. bombycis strains from the NCBI database.

scholarly journals The influence of the culture media composition on the white phosphorus biodegradation by Aspergillus niger

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Anton Z. Mindubaev ◽  
◽  
Elena K. Badeeva ◽  
Salima T. Minzanova ◽  
Lubov G. Mironova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
White Phosphorus ◽  
The Media ◽  
Potential Basis ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
First Time

The biodegradation of white phosphorus is undoubtedly an amazing illustration of the adaptability of living organisms to adverse environmental factors. In addition, it is a potential basis for the creation of new, breakthrough methods for detoxifying substances of the first class danger. However, establishing the fact of biological destruction is only half the battle. It is essential to optimize the growth conditions of microbial cultures and P4 biodegradation for industrial cultivation. The presented study compared the growth of Aspergillus niger strain AM1 in culture media varying in composition but containing P4 as the sole source of phosphorus. Of the ten media, two in which Aspergillus grew the fastest were selected. These media were concluded to be optimal for growth. Comparing the compositions of the media and the growth rate of Aspergillus in them, we found a key component that is a favorable factor for the growth of AM1 and the biodegradation of white phosphorus. This component was sodium nitrate (NaNO3). It has also been shown that copper sulphate (CuSO4) has no effect on the growth of Aspergillus in media with white phosphorus, regardless of the composition of these media. This result is in harmony with our previous findings. Furthermore, in the present work, attempts to increase the concentration of white phosphorus in the culture medium to values above 1% are described for the first time. For this purpose, we added the following solvents to the culture media: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diesel, in which white phosphorus dissolves relatively well. Apparently, the presence of these substances adversely affects the growth of Aspergill. Therefore, the problem of further increasing the concentration of P4 remains an unanswered.

scholarly journals Биодеградация вещества первого класса опасности - белого фосфора

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Антон Миндубаев ◽  
◽  
Эдуард Бабынин ◽  
Елена Бадеева ◽  
Салима Минзанова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
White Phosphorus ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Starvation ◽  
First Time

White phosphorus is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants. However, it is used in industry and for military purposes; therefore, it is impossible to overlook the fact that this substance is constantly released into the environment. In our works, cultures of microorganisms growing in media with a content of white phosphorus up to 1% were obtained for the first time. This exceeds the TLV in wastewater by 5000 times! These cultures are unique. For the first time, cultures were grown in media containing white phosphorus as the sole source of phosphorus. In these environments, microorganisms grew without experiencing phosphorus starvation. That is, they oxidized white phosphorus to phosphate, which is necessary for vital activity! This is first ever example of the inclusion of white phosphorus in the biospheric circulation of the phosphorus element.

scholarly journals Microorganisms Resistant to White Phosphorus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Z. Mindubaev ◽  
A.D. Voloshina ◽  
E.V. Babynin ◽  
S.T. Minzanova ◽  
L.G. Mironova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
White Phosphorus ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Threshold Limit ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

We present preliminary results on the successful culturing of different microbial taxonomic groups on media containing white phosphorus (P4) as the sole source of phosphorus. The increase in culture resistance resulting from targeted selection was demonstrated. The highest concentration of P4 used in the study exceeds the threshold limit concentration of P4 in wastewater mud by 5000 times. Putative metabolites of P4 were also investigated. Keywords: biodegradation; white phosphorus; Aspergillus niger; Streptomyces sp. A8

ЗУБРЫ НА СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ — НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И БУДУЩЕЕ

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
I.V. GUSAROV ◽  
V.A. OSTAPENKO ◽  
T.V. NOVIKOVА
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Впервые в мире создана популяция зубров на территории 60 градусов северной широты. В новых климатических условиях разведения и сохранения зубров определены и проанализированы факторы существования вида на севере Европейской части РФ. Выявлены признаки, динамика численности, которые являются составной частью системы, предназначенной для управления биоразнообразием. Интродукция, являясь процессом введения в экосистему нехарактерных для нее видов, может усиливать изменения биоценозов как положительно, так и отрицательно. Насколько быстро и успешно проходит процесс адаптации заселенного вида, и усматривается его влияние на окружающую среду зависит дальнейшее существование зубров и в целом биоразнообразия. В статье обсуждаются вопросы взаимоотношения зубров с другими видами копытных и хозяйственной деятельностью человека, а также дальнейшим использованием зубров в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Пластичность зубров, выявление изменений и их анализ при вселении видов в новые условия обитания необходимы не только для определения развития или деградации биоценозов и в целом экосистемы, но и прогноза социально-экономических последствий интродукции как одного из методов сохранения редких и исчезающих видов фауны.For the first time in the world, a bison population has been created in an area of 60 degrees north latitude. In the new climatic conditions of breeding and preservation of bison, the factors of the species existence in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation are identified and analyzed. The signs, dynamics of abundance, which are an integral part of the system designed to manage biodiversity are identified, since the preservation of biological diversity on the planet is one of the main problems of our time. Introduction, being the process of introducing non-typical species into an ecosystem, can enhance changes in biocenoses, both positively and negatively. The question posing sounds especially when it comes to such a large hoofed animal as the European bison. How quickly and successfully the process of adaptation of the universe takes place and its environmental impact is seen depends on the continued existence of bison and biodiversity in general. The article discusses the relationship of bison with other types of ungulates and human activities, as well as the further use of bison in agricultural production. How these issues will be resolved positively depends on the future of these animals. Thus, the plasticity of bison, the identification of changes and their analysis, with the introduction of species into new habitat conditions is necessary not only to determine the development or degradation of biocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole, but also to predict the socio-economic consequences due to the introduction as one of the methods of preserving rare and endangered species of fauna.

Interaction of Gold Atom with Clusters of Water: Few Computational Mise-En-Scènes with Hydrogen Bonding Motif

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1457-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene S. Kryachko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Gold Atom ◽  
Proton Acceptor ◽  
Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

The present work outlines the fair relationship of the computational model with the experiments on anion photoelectron spectroscopy for the gold-water complexes [Au(H2O)1≤n≤2]- that is established between the auride anion Au- and water monomer and dimer thanks to the nonconventional hydrogen bond where Au- casts as the nonconventional proton acceptor. This work also extends the computational model to the larger complexes [Au(H2O)3≤n≤5]- where gold considerably thwarts the shape of water clusters and even particularly breaks their conventional hydrogen bonding patterns. The fascinating phenomenon of the lavish proton acceptor character of Au- to form at least six hydrogen bonds with molecules of water is computationally unveiled in the present work for the first time.

The Only Wonderful Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Homestead
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Advertising Agency ◽  
Greenwich Village ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Park Avenue ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

This book tells for the first time the story of the central relationship of novelist Willa Cather’s life, her nearly forty-year partnership with Edith Lewis. Cather has been described as a distinguished artist who turned her back on the crass commercialism of the early twentieth century and as a deeply private woman who strove to hide her sexuality, and Lewis has often been identified as her secretary. However, Lewis was a successful professional woman who edited popular magazines and wrote advertising copy at a major advertising agency and who, behind the scenes, edited Cather’s fiction. Recognizing Lewis’s role in Cather’s creative process changes how we understand Cather as an artist, while recovering their domestic partnership (which they did not seek to hide) provides a fresh perspective on lesbian life in the early twentieth century. Homestead reconstructs Cather and Lewis’s life together in Greenwich Village and on Park Avenue, their travels to the American Southwest that formed the basis of Cather’s novels The Professor’s House and Death Comes for the Archbishop, their summers as part of an all-woman resort community on Grand Manan Island, and Lewis’s magazine and advertising work as a context for her editorial collaboration with Cather. Homestead tells a human story of two women who chose to live in partnership and also explains how the Cold War panic over homosexuality caused biographers and critics to make Lewis and her central role in Cather’s life vanish even as she lived on alone for twenty-five years after her partner’s death.

“Quelques misérables places à remplir”Locating Shaped Painting in Eighteenth-Century France

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-571
Author(s):  
David Pullins
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Decorative Arts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article addresses in depth for the first time the irregularly shaped canvases known as tableaux chantournés (cut-out paintings) that were produced in vast numbers by leading academicians between the 1730s and 1750s and occupy a tenuous place between fine and applied or decorative arts. Through an examination of the term’s first uses in regard to painting and eighteenth-century critics’ responses to these works, tableaux chantournés are positioned as a means of rethinking the extraction of painting from a richer visual field and the relationship of this medium-specific agenda to the historiography of the rococo.

Lysis and biological control of Aspergillus niger by Bacillus subtilis AF 1

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Podile ◽  
A. P. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Cells

A biocontrol rhizobacterial strain of Bacillus subtilis AF 1 grown for 6 h was coinoculated with Aspergillus niger at different time intervals and microscopic observations revealed adherence of bacterial cells to the fungal mycelium. Bacterial cells multiplied in situ and colonized the mycelial surface. Growth of AF 1 resulted in damage to the cell wall, followed by lysis. AF 1 inoculation into media containing A. niger at 0, 6, and 12 h suppressed >90% fungal growth, while in 18- and 24-h cultures fungal growth inhibition was 70 and 56%, respectively, in terms of dry weight. In dual culture the fungal growth was not accompanied by formation of spores. The mycelial preparation of A. niger as principal carbon source supported the growth of B. subtilis, as much as chitin. Extracellular protein precipitate from B. subtilis culture filtrate had a significant growth-retarding effect on A. niger. Groundnut seeds bacterized with B. subtilis showed a reduced incidence of crown rot in A. niger infested soil, suggesting a possible role of B. subtilis in biological control of A. niger.Key words: mycolytic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, biological control.

Hitherto Unprinted Manuscripts of the Middle English Ipotis

PMLA ◽  
1916 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-160
Author(s):  
Josephine D. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
English Poem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of the manuscripts of the Middle-English poem Ipotis has been studied in detail by Dr. Hugo Gruber on the basis of the nine mss. known to him. In addition to these there are five others, four of which are printed for the first time below. One of these, unfortunately a fragment, is of the greatest importance, since it carries back the date of the poem at least fifty years. On the basis of the earliest manuscript known to him—ms. Vernon, written about 1385—Gruber assigned the Ipotis to the second half of the fourteenth century. But in the light of the new evidence, the composition of the poem is pushed back to the very beginning of the century.

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