scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF TRANSLATING CHUVASH NON-EQUIVALENT VOCABULARY INTO ENGLISH IN THE ASPECT OF CREATING A LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT FOR ENGLISH-SPEAKING TOURISTS IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Елена Николаевна Громова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Мозжегорова
Keyword(s):  
National Museum ◽  
Research Results ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Language Environment

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию проблемы перевода чувашской безэквивалентной лексики на английский язык в аспекте создания языковой среды для англоговорящих туристов в Чувашской Республике. В качестве материала послужили ресурсы Чувашского национального музея. В общей сложности было проанализировано 523 примера единиц чувашской безэквивалентной лексики и их перевод на английский язык. В статье рассмотрены примеры перевода чувашской безэквивалентной лексики и идентифицированы приемы передачи подобной лексики на английский язык. Предметом исследования выступают особенности перевода чувашской безэквивалентной лексики на английский язык на материале фондов Чувашского национального музея с целью создания языковой среды для англоговорящих туристов в Чувашской Республике. Целью данного исследования является выявление особенностей перевода чувашской безэквивалентной лексики на английский язык на материале фондов Чувашского национального музея в аспекте создания языковой среды для англоговорящих туристов в Чувашской Республике. Результаты исследования показывают, что самым используемым приемом перевода чувашской безэквивалентной лексики является транслитерационно-описательный перевод (70 %), который вбирает в себя два способа: транслитерацию и описательный перевод. По нашему мнению, такой перевод наиболее полно передает рассмотренные нами реалии, так как в случае использования только транслитерации / транскрипции переводчику все равно придется дать сноску, а в случае лишь описательного перевода слово становится для иностранца невоспринимаемым, ему сложно будет запомнить новое выражение и выстроить ассоциации. Далее идет прием генерализации (16 %), в некоторых случаях он был уместен, так как можно было подобрать слово с наиболее широким понятием. Наименее используемым способом оказалось калькирование (6 %). This article is devoted to the study of the problem of translating the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary into English in terms of creating a linguistic environment for English-speaking tourists in the Chuvash Republic. The resources of the Chuvash National Museum were used as material. In total, 523 units of the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary and their translation into English were analyzed. The article considers the examples of the translation of the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary and identifies the methods of transferring such vocabulary into English. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the translation of the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary into English based on the materials of the Chuvash National Museum in order to create a linguistic environment for English-speaking tourists in the Chuvash Republic. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of the translation of the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary into English on the material of the funds of the Chuvash National Museum in terms of creating a linguistic environment for English-speaking tourists using the example of the Chuvash Republic. The research results show that the most used method of translating the Chuvash non-equivalent vocabulary is transliterative-descriptive translation (70 %), which includes two methods: transliteration and descriptive translation. In our opinion, such a translation most fully conveys the realities we have considered, since in the case of using only transliteration / transcription, the translator will still have to give a footnote, and in the case of only a descriptive translation, the word becomes imperceptible for a foreigner, it will be difficult to remember it and build associations. Next comes the generalization technique (16 %), in some cases it was appropriate, since it was possible to choose a word with the broadest concept. The least used method was loan-translation (6 %).

scholarly journals Does Spelling Still Matter—and If So, How Should It Be Taught? Perspectives from Contemporary and Historical Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Pan ◽  
Timothy C. Rickard ◽  
Robert A. Bjork
Keyword(s):  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Spelling Instruction ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traditional Approaches

AbstractA century ago, spelling skills were highly valued and widely taught in schools using traditional methods, such as weekly lists, drill exercises, and low- and high-stakes spelling tests. That approach was featured in best-selling textbooks such as the Horn-Ashbaugh Speller of 1920. In the early 21st century, however, skepticism as to the importance of spelling has grown, some schools have deemphasized or abandoned spelling instruction altogether, and there has been a proliferation of non-traditional approaches to teaching spelling. These trends invite a reevaluation of the role of spelling in modern English-speaking societies and whether the subject should be explicitly taught (and if so, what are research-supported methods for doing so). In this article, we examine the literature to address whether spelling skills are still important enough to be taught, summarize relevant evidence, and argue that a comparison of common approaches to spelling instruction in the early 20th century versus more recent approaches provides some valuable insights. We also discuss the value of explicit spelling instruction and highlight potentially effective ways to implement such instruction, including the use of spelling tests. Overall, our goals are to better characterize the role of spelling skills in today’s society and to identify several pedagogical approaches—some derived from traditional methods and others that are more recent—that hold promise for developing such skills in efficient and effective ways.

scholarly journals Effects of enterprise sustainability on performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Violeta Domanović ◽  
Jasmina Bogićević ◽  
Bojan Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Rules ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Long Run ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sustainability Report

Contemporary business environment imposes new business rules. The maximization of profit and shareholder value cannot be the only aim of an enterprise. Instead, enterprises are forced to maximize value of all stakeholders in order to survive in the long run. The issue of sustainability has become of crucial significance, and especially measurement and reporting on sustainability, as well as, its effects on financial performances, as still dominant ones in the contemporary business performance measurement models. Hence, the subject of the research is the enterprise sustainability in the contemporary business environment. The aim of the research is to stress the role and the significance of the sustainability in the process of improving the enterprise efficiency. The research results show that the enterprise sustainability has the positive implications on the business performances in the long run, as well as on the welfare of all stakeholders. In order to be more transparent, it is desirable for enterprises to create the sustainability report, in the integration with the traditional business report, which would give the complete overview of enterprise efficiency.

scholarly journals Znaczenie empirii jako podstawy wyjaśniania, prognozowania i praktyki w naukach społecznych

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-49
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Scientific Paradigm ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
Scientific Dispute ◽  
The Subject

The considerations presented in the article are to be an impulse to reflect on the foundations on which modern scientific discoveries are based. The aim of the analysis is to present a number of doubts as to the accuracy and perfection of contemporary research results in social sciences, in particular in the discipline of political science. In social reality there are still many limitations both on the part of the human being as the subject examining reality and the imperfections of the tools he uses. The article discusses attitudes towards scientific dispute consisting in the clash of the scientific paradigm based on empiricism and positivism with postmodern interpretivism within the hermeneutic paradigm will soon end.

scholarly journals Czasopismo „Archival Science” w latach 2011–2020 – analiza treści artykułów naukowych

Archeion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 342-371
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wiśniewska-Drewniak
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Specific Geographical Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

The Archival Science journal in the years 2011–2020 – an analysis of research papers Archival Science is currently the most important archive journal, published in English since 2001. The aim of this article is to analyse articles published in that journal in the years 2011–2020. Four types of issues were analysed: the authors’ affiliations, geographical characteristics of articles, research methods and the subject of the published texts. As a result, it was noted that authors of articles come mostly from English-speaking countries (which confirms the trend from the years 2001–2010, studied by Eric Ketelaar in 2010) and when the subject of an article focuses on a specific geographical area, it concerns English-speaking countries as well. It was observed that many research articles do not present specific research methods and those that do mention not only traditional methods, such as archival research and a literature review, but also methods characteristic of social sciences (e.g. an interview, observation, survey). Ten most popular subjects described in the analysed texts include: digital issues, the underprivileged, state archives and documentation, the history of archives, human rights, decolonisation, ethics, preparing archival materials, social archives, the profession of an archivist and documentation manager.

scholarly journals Analysing the behaviour of academic collocations in a corpus of research-papers: a data-driven study / Analisando o comportamento de colocações acadêmicas em um corpus de artigos científicos: um estudo dirigido por dados

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Paula Tavares Pinto ◽  
Diva Cardoso de Camargo ◽  
Talita Serpa ◽  
Luciano Franco da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Respective Field ◽  
English Speaking

Abstract: Authors from different countries have published their papers in English, aiming to promote their research results widely and to become internationally known by their peers. It is also true that, although they are aware of the English terminology used in their respective field, some authors still struggle with some features of academic writing such as collocations. Thus, this paper presents a discussion on the underuse and overuse traces of academic collocations by Brazilian authors who had their articles published in English on an open electronic library of scientific journals. In order to analyse the collocations used by these researchers, we compiled a 906,035-word corpus from eight different academic areas. The collocations observed were statistically compared to those from an academic corpus of English writings which contains texts produced by English-speaking authors. Results showed that there are more collocations underused than overused by the authors. The analysis proved that the collocation repertoire of researchers could be broadened by being pointed out during academic writing workshops.Keywords: academic collocations; research paper writing; corpus linguistics.Resumo: Autores de vários países têm publicado seus artigos científicos em inglês com o intuito de promover amplamente os resultados de suas pesquisas dentre a comunidade científica internacional. É verdade que, embora estejam cientes da terminologia utilizada no respectivo campo de pesquisa, alguns autores ainda apresentam dificuldade em lidar com certas características da escrita acadêmica, como o uso das colocações. Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre traços de sobreuso e subuso de colocações acadêmicas utilizadas por autores brasileiros que têm seus artigos publicados em inglês numa plataforma eletrônica aberta de artigos científicos. Para analisar as colocações utilizadas por estes pesquisadores, compilamos um corpus de 906.000 palavras a partir de oito áreas científicas. As colocações analisadas foram comparadas estatisticamente com as colocações de um corpus acadêmico de inglês que contém textos escritos por autores anglófonos. Os resultados mostraram que há mais traços de subuso que sobreuso de colocações acadêmicas utilizadas pelos pesquisadores e este repertório poderia ser ampliado se fossem destacadas durante cursos de escrita acadêmica em língua inglesa.Palavras-chave: colocações acadêmicas; escrita de artigos científicos; linguística de corpus.

Museum Libraries in France: Their Wealth and Their Influence

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Nicole Picot
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
French Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The following words preface Francoise Cachin’s introduction to Marie-Thérèse Cavignac’s Les bibliothèques des musées en Aquitaine: Richness and diversity! Reading this volume demonstrates how wide and varied is the subject matter of the museum libraries in the Aquitaine region, whether it be the library in the Bonnat Museum in Bayonne or in the national museum at the Château de Pau, those in museums specialising in the history of Aquitaine, the Pays Basque or the Périgord, or those in museums dealing with prehistory or contemporary art or seaplanes, the customs service or folk art.This description is just as valid for the rest of France. Considerable effort has been put into the modernisation of French museums during the last twenty years or so and their libraries have benefited from this renewal as well. I would like in this paper to describe some of the strengths of libraries and documentation centres in museums of art, and to try and define their role within their institutions and within the network of French art libraries.

Paper 1: The Conference: Its Plan and Purpose

1967 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
F. T. Barwell
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Important Requirement ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hostile Environments

The rate of development of the subject has been so rapid that it has become difficult for any individual to be conversant with all its implications. Nevertheless, if the benefits of current research are to be realized in practice, some means must be found for presenting the essential data in an assimilable form. The history of the subject is briefly commented on and doubt is expressed regarding the adequacy of the rate of application of new knowledge to industrial problems. Full appreciation of even the simplest bearing situation requires knowledge of hydrodynamics, thermodynamics, material science and metrology and the multi-disciplinary aspects of tribology are emphasized. The introduction of tribology into engineering courses should not therefore impose too great a burden on the student because it depends on fundamentals already understood. The main emphasis of the paper, as indeed of the Conference, is on the application of research results to design. An attempt is made to classify the duty to be performed by a bearing and then to show that the form taken by the solution flows logically therefrom. Protection from hostile environments is emphasized as being probably the most important requirement for satisfactory performance. The paper concludes with the prediction that the general advance in technology will continue to make demands for an advance in knowledge in the field of tribology.

The British Museum and British Antiquities

Antiquity ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 37 (145) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Frank Francis
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post War ◽  
Great Advance

Professor Hawkes’s important article on ‘The British Museum and British Archaeology’ in the December number of ANTIQUITY is based on an intimate knowledge of the Museum and a sympathetic understanding of the disabilities which have beset it since the war. It may be that he is not fully aware of the changes in work and tempo that have markedly developed since he himself left the staff in 1946, but we know well that his article reflects a widespread impatience to see an end of the disabilities and the problems which have developed as the direct result of the war; and above all to see created in the National Museum an organization for dealing with British archaeology and antiquities which will be equal to the great advance of the subject that has taken place in this century, and with dramatic acceleration in the post-war years. No one is keener to see this development than the staff of the Department of British Antiquities who are entirely alive to what is required. We fully recognize, therefore, the importance of what Professor Hawkes has to say, but he does seem to be in some danger of falling into the mistake that many other less well-informed and less well-intentioned critics have made—of assuming that the honourable scars which still disfigure the British Museum and the overcrowding which was the inevitable concomitant of an informed and successful collecting policy in the Museum’s many departments, are being complacently lived with and that nothing has been done to bring about the speedy disappearance of these obstacles to our service.

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