scholarly journals Preliminary Screening of Some Nutraceuticals as Aflatoxin (Aspergillus flavus) Reduction Agents Using In Vitro growth Inhibition Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 983-987
Author(s):  
Ari, M.M ◽  
Hassan, D. I ◽  
Yakubu, A ◽  
Adua, M. M
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Methanol Extraction ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

The following nutraceuticals: Moringa oleifera Lam., Garlic (Allium sativum) and Ginger (Zinger officinale) were screened for their possible use as Aflatoxin (Aspergillus flavus) reduction agents by extracting their photochemical constituent’s using aqueous and methanol extraction which were used as inhibitors of A. flavus . The results showed the presence of tannins, steroides, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinone, flavonoids, alkaloids terpenes and saponins in all the tested nutraceuticals. Methanol extraction had highest concentration of the phytochemical constituents in each and the growth inhibition zone of A. Flavus showed that the extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves, Garlic (Allium sativum L) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) inhibit the growth of A. flavus in methanol extract, while aqueous extraction showed no zone of inhibition. The sensitivity results obtained revealed significant (p>0.05) difference on zones of inhibition at different concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200mg/ml of the extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves (A), Garlic (B) and Ginger (C) and for methanol extracts (A), (B) and (C) at concentration of 12.5mg/ml. The highest zones of inhibition is extract (C) at 200mg/ml. The constituents in these nutraceuticals and the sensitivity results obtained indicates that these nutraceuticaals could be used as phytogenic feed additive for the inhibition of growth of mycotoxins in feeds

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF ALLIUM SATIVUM AND ALLIUM AMPELOPRASUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Shahid Khan ◽  
Neeta Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Allium Ampeloprasum ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: In vitro analysis of Allium sativum and Allium ampeloprasum was performed to evaluate their antifungal potential against Alternaria triticina (ITCC 5496), causative agent of leaf blight in wheat and Magnaporthe oryzae (ITCC 6808), causative agent of blast disease in rice.Methods: Ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum and A. sativum were prepared by crushing their bulb in liquid nitrogen and then immersing them in 90% ethanol and 100% ethanol separately. The antifungal activity test was determined by quantitative assay using 96-well microtiter plate and results were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism v. 5.03.Results: A. triticina and M. oryzae showed above 90% and 95% growth inhibition, respectively against the ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum. Conversely, growth inhibition of either fungus remained mostly below 35% against ethanol extracts of A. sativum at all tested concentrations.Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum have relatively higher antifungal potential than ethanol extracts of A. sativum and could be considered as a natural alternative to chemical fungicides.Keywords: Allium sativum, Allium ampeloprasum, Alternaria triticina, Magnaporthe oryzae.

scholarly journals KEEFEKTIFAN EKSTRAK MENGKUDU PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TERHADAP PENGHAMBATAN PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI RALSTONIA SP. SECARA IN VITRO

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Efri Efri ◽  
Titik Nur Aeny
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Effectivity of  Morinda citrifolia extract on in-vitro growth inhibition of Ralstonia sp.  Morinda citrifolia has been known as one of plants having numerous medicinal properties.  Extract of the fruits shows antibacterial activity against several bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.  The purpose of this study was to observe inhibitor effect of  M. citrifolia fruit extract, and to investigate the effect of different concentrations of  M. citrifolia fruit extract on in-vitro growth of  Ralstonia (Pseudomonas) sp., the causal agent of banana bacterial wilt disease in Lampung.  Inhibition effect of  M. citrifolia was determined by the presence of inhibition zone, and concentration effect was determined by the diameter of  inhibition zone . The study consisted of two experiments.  The treatments of the first experiment were three different kinds of fruit extract, namely the whole fruit, the seeds, and the fleshy parts, and the second one consisted of six different levels of extract concentrations.  The results showed that the whole fruit extract was the most effective as an in-vitro growth inhibitor, and the higher the concentration level the higher the growth inhibition zone formed.

scholarly journals Penapisan Cendawan Trichoderma spp. untuk Pengendalian Phytophthora infestans secara in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Susiana Purwantisari ◽  
Achmadi Priyatmojo ◽  
Retno Peni Sancayaningsih ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Blight Disease

Late blight disease on potato caused by a plant pathogenic fungus (Phytophthora infestans)  is the most important disease in Indonesia.  The use of antagonist fungi Trichoderma is an environmentally friendly technology to control the potato disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Trichoderma spp. to control P. infestans in vitro. Trichoderma spp. have been isolated from suppressive soil at central potato areas in district of Lembang, Bandung, West Java Province. To determine the inhibition ability of Trichoderma spp against P. infestans, a dual culture method was performed.  Variable observed was inhibition zone of Trichoderma spp. against P. infestans. The results showed that 9 isolates of Trichoderma were successfuly isolated from suppressive soil, i.e. T. viride (2 isolates), T. atroviride (1 isolate), T. harzianum (1 isolate) and T. aureoviride (5 isolates). All the Trichoderma isolates revealed growth inhibition abality against P. infestans and. The highest growth inhibition (68.6%) was observed by T. viride isolate ( Ti 9).

scholarly journals Antagonistic potential of Bacillus spp. isolates against bacterial pathogens of tomato and fungal pathogen of pepper

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Vesna Todorovic ◽  
Olja Stanojevic ◽  
Tanja Beric ◽  
Slavisa Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

In vitro antagonistic potential of eleven isolates of Bacillus spp. against two phytopathogenic bacteria and one fungus was tested in order to identify potential biocontrol agents in vegetable crops. The Bacillus spp. isolates demonstrated different levels of antagonistic effect against the tested pathogenic microorganisms. Data in the study proved Xanthomonas vesicatoria to be more sensitive to Bacillus spp. strains than Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Ten B. subtilis strains induced growth inhibition of X. vesicatoria, while a strain of B. pumilus did not affect the growth of that bacterium. The largest inhibition zones against X. vesicatoria were induced by strains B-319, B-325 and B-358. The pathogenic strain C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis was most inhibited by two B. subtilis strains (B-338 and B-348) with mean inhibition zone diameters of up to 20 mm. B. subtilis strain B-319 which was the best in inhibiting X. vesicatoria, showed the lowest inhibitory effect on C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. The largest growth inhibition percentage of Verticillium sp. (PGI approximately 70%) was induced by B. subtilis strains B-310 and B-322. The other B. subtilis strains showed PGI values ranging from 45% to 68%, while B. pumilus strain B-335 had the least antagonistic potential (PGI =34.43%) against the pathogen. This study identified at least one suitable biocontrol candidate, B. subtilis strain B-358, as effective in vitro against all three vegetable pathogens.

scholarly journals Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans sensitivity towards chlorophyll of Moringa leaf after activated by diode laser

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
I Gde Bagus Yatna Wibawa ◽  
Suryani Diah Astuti ◽  
Ernie Maduratna Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Root Planning

Background: Regular brushing teeth with scaling and root planning (SRP) cannot effectively decrease the periopatogen bacterial colonies. Even with the addition of antibiotics to support SRP, such as tetracycline given with low doses and for a long time may cause bacteria to become resistant and the effectiveness to eliminate colonies of bacteria being reduced. Photodynamic is a treatment modality that does not cause resistance and potentially to eliminate the growth of bacterial colonies. Moringa oleifera is a plant that can be easily found in Indonesia, by extracting chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaves, it can be used as a photosensitizer agent to increase the absorption of light on photodynamic method. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the potential photodynamic inactivation therapy to inactivate (eliminate) periopatogen bacterium. Method: This study used Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans). Laser diode 660nm as a light source with 8mm optical fiber to guide the beam, also used 20% extract chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaf as photosensitizer. Four diode lasers energy density exposures (2,5J.cm-2, 5J.cm-2, 7,5J.cm-2, and 10J.cm-2) are used from both at the in vitro photodynamic inactivation test. Result: The highest percentage of deaths occurred in the group treated with addition of photosensitizer and exposed by 660 nm diode laser with 10J.cm-2 energy density, which is 83.01%, compared to the results obtained in the group without addition of the photosensitizer. Conclusion: Chlorophyll of Moringa oleifera leaf after activated by diode laser effectively eliminates A. actinomycetemcomitans.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Effects of Moringa oleifera (Moringa) and Azadirachta indica (Neem) Methanolic Extracts against Strains of Enterococcus faecalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Arévalo-Híjar ◽  
Miguel Ángel Aguilar-Luis ◽  
Stefany Caballero-García ◽  
Néstor Gonzáles-Soto ◽  
Juana Del Valle-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective. To evaluate antibacterial and cytotoxic effect of 2 methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera against strains of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) in vitro. Methods. The methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera were prepared in vitro. The antibacterial effect of the extracts against Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated using the agar diffusion technique. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the microdilution method and the cytotoxicity using the cellular line MDCK. Results. The methanolic extract with the most antibacterial effect during the first 24 and 48 hours against Enterococcus faecalis was Moringa oleifera, evidencing a growth inhibition zone of 35.5 ± 1.05 and 44.83 ± 0.98, respectively. The MIC for both extracts was 75 µg/ml. The bactericidal effect of the Azadirachta indica extract was found at a concentration of 25 µg/ml and a concentration of 75 µg/ml for Moringa extract. Conclusions. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the methanolic extract of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera both have an antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis strains during the first 24 and 48 hours. None of the extracts exhibited toxicity against the cell lines under low concentrations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document