Evaluation of Achook (Azadirachtin 1500ppm) against root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infecting okra

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Matiyar Rahaman Khan ◽  
Rajendra D. Solanki ◽  
Burhanuddin Bohra ◽  
B. N. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Different Doses

Evaluation of different doses of Achook (1500 ppm azadirachtin EC) against Meloidogyne incognita (RKN‐Mi) infecting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench.) was undertaken under net house and open‐field conditions. Results of pot (10cm dia) experiment showed that soil drenching of Achook and Achook A1 (contains sesame oil) at higher dosage (≥10litre/ha) showed reduced root galling, greater suppression of final soil nematode (J2) population and increased shoot height of okra. The single drenching of Achook andAchook A1 at 5 litre/ha at 15 days after sowing (DAS) immediately after appearance of first gall was also quite effective for managing the RKN‐Mi on okra. Results from open‐field testing of Achook EC showed efficacy to control RKN‐Mi. The Achook and Achook A1 formulations at 5 litre/ha as single application after with the appearance of first gall was found to be most effective for reduction of root galling, soil nematode population (63 to 67%), increasing shoot height and improving (20 to 23%) fruit yield of okra. Further, at all dosages both formulations showed nematode control efficacy and enhancement of crop yield. The Achook A1 was found to be more effective (38%more yield) than soil application of carbofuran 2kg a.i./ha and neem cake at 1000kg/ha. Considering incremental cost benefit ratio (ICBR), the Achook (ICBR~4.23) and Achook1 (ICBR~4.03) at 5 litre/ha as a single soil drench with the appearance of root galling in okra was found to be the most economical. This was followed by Achook1 at 2.5 litre /ha as soil drench twice (7 DAS and 30 days after first drench) and Achook A1 5litre and 10litre/ha. The Achook A1 was found to be relatively more effective than that of carbofuran at 2kg a.i./ha and neem cake at 1000kg/ha.

scholarly journals Integration of some organic amendments and the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjot Singh Sidhu ◽  
Rambir Singh Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Neem Leaves

Abstract Background Organic amendments are well known for influencing soil nematode community structure, diversities, and activities. Most of the previous studies focused on effects of organic amendments on plant-parasitic nematodes, but only a few investigated the effect of combination of biocontrol agents and organic amendments on soil nematodes. Main body Different organic amendments (neem cake, poultry manure, and neem leaves) were combined with the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in cucumber. Organic amendments were mixed in pots containing 1 kg soil, 15 days before sowing. Cucumber (cv. CCH-1) plants grown in these pots were inoculated by 2000 J2 of M. incognita and 400 F. composticola per pot, after 1 week of germination. Fictor composticola in combination with chicken manure + neem cake + neem leaves was found the best mixture for reducing the number of galls, egg masses, and final root-knot nematode population. The predator’s population reached the maximum in this treatment. All combinations of organic amendments in the presence of F. composticola were found significantly superior over inoculated check in reducing nematode’s population and in improving plant growth over the un-inoculated check. Conclusions Data indicated the suitability of using the predatory nematode, F. composticola, and organic amendments for potential use in sustainable nematode management strategies.

Effect of Oil Cakes and Bio-agents Each Alone and in Combination for Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Green Gram

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-294
Author(s):  
Poornata Jena ◽  
◽  
N. K. Sahoo ◽  
J. K. Mahalik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Am Fungus

A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of Department of Nematology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during June to August, 2017 on the application of oilcakes (mustard cake and neem cake) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, Glomus fasciculatum, Rhizobium leguminosarum) each alone and in combination for the management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in green gram. Result of the experiment indicated that soil application of mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 of green gram seed declined the root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot index with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check. But integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seed exhibited the lowest M. incognita population 200 cc soil-1 (153.33 J2), number of galls plant-1 (7.0), number of eggmass plant-1 (2.0) and root knot index (2.0) reflecting enhancement of plant growth parameters, number of pods (206.67%), number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check. This integrated management module also recorded maximum increase in the availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll content as compared to other treatments.

scholarly journals Investigating the in vitro and in vivo nematicidal performance of structurally related macrolides against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Radwan ◽  
A.S.A. Saad ◽  
H.A. Mesbah ◽  
H.S. Ibrahim ◽  
M.S. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
New Family

Summary Avermectins and spinosyns are structurally related natural products of microbial origin and belong to a new family of macrolides which are active against a vast array of invertebrate pests. In the present study, the effects of four members of macrolides; abamectin (ABM), emamectin benzoate (EMB), spinosad (SPI) and spinetoram (SPIT), on Meloidogyne incognita were investigated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. All compounds reduced egg hatching and led to high mortality of the nematode second-stage juveniles (J2). ABM showed the maximum rate of egg hatching inhibition and J2 mortality while SPIT recorded the minimum. All treatments reduced the number of galls, egg masses, eggs/egg mass in roots and J2 in the soil when compared to the control. Based on the 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, EMB and ABM exhibited higher percent reduction in galls (79.68 and 71.45%), egg masses (75.19 and 70.54%), eggs/egg mass (60.49 and 40.91%) and J2 in the soil (90.31 and 86.54%), respectively, compared to SPI and SPIT. Significant increase in tomato shoot height occurred in all biopesticides (10 folds) and SPIT (20 folds). SPI at 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, significantly increased root length while ABM at 50 folds and SPIT at 20 folds decreased root length by 5.15% and 5.88%, respectively, compared to the untreated inoculated plants. In all treatments, the dry shoot and root weights increased, compared to the untreated control. Our findings suggest that these macrolides have the ability to regulate nematode population densities and may be an alternative to classical nematicides.

scholarly journals Dimethyl Disulfide- A Potential Biopesticide Against Root-Knot Nematode of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Faruk ◽  
ML Rahman ◽  
MMM Mustafa ◽  
IR J Coosemans
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Pot Culture

Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), the natural biopesticide extracted from Allium spp., was evaluated against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in greenhouse pot culture. All concentrations of DMDS viz. 30 ml, 60 ml, and 80 ml and Aldicarb @ 2g per square meter of soil were effective against root-knot disease under both wet and dry conditions of soil. Nematode incidence was reduced drastically by higher dose of DMDS and Aldicarb @ 2g but did not accelerate vegetative growth of tomato plant especially when tomato seedlings were transplanted immediately after soil treatment. Low concentration of DMDS (30 ml per square meter of soil) was found appropriate for controlling root-knot nematode of tomato, accelerating saprophytic nematode population in soil and also enhancing vegetative growth of tomato plant under dry condition of soil.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11759   Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 685-695, December 2011  

scholarly journals Assessment of Bio-efficacy of Insecticides against Mites and Thrips Insect Pest of Chilli

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Deepak Thakur ◽  
V. R. Upadhyay ◽  
Annu Ahirwar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Untreated Plot ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Thrips Population ◽  
Different Doses

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018-19 in Samajik Vigyan Kendra, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Bordi, Sehore (M.P.) – INDIA. To assess the bio-efficacy of insecticides against mites and thrips insect pest of chilli pests. The bio-efficacy of three different insecticides, namely (i) Chlorfenapyr 240 SC - spray four time with different-different doses, (ii) Fipronil 5% SC and (iii) Imidacloprid 17.8 SL. One untreated plot was also used to   investigate against Mites and Thrips. Among these insecticides, Chlorfenapyr 240SC doses 288 g.a.i/hac gram active ingredient per hactare) has reduced maximum mites and thrips population and it is most effective  insecticides in chilli. The highest reduction of mites population recorded in treatment T4- (97.17%) followed by T3- chlorofenapyr (95.13%), T6- Imidacloprid (91.67%), T5- Fipronil 5% SC (85.35%), T2- chlorofenapyr (85.27%) and it was least in T1- chlorofenapyr (81.40%. Further, the thrips number  was maximum reduced in treatment T4- chlorofenapyr (90.69%) followed by T3- chlorofenapyr (89.80%), T5- Fipronil 5% SC (89.51%), T6- Imidacloprid (74.18%), T2- chlorofenapyr (69.74%) and T1- chlorofenapyr (68.44 %). Hence, present study was clearly indicated that the treatment T4- chlorofenapyr 240SC@288 proved, the most effective insecticides. The cost benefit ratio was noted higher in Fipronil 5% SC@ 10 g.a.i ha-1 (3.20) followed by imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 50 g.a.i ha-1 (2.99).

Integrated approach for the management of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on eggplant under field conditions

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyandra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Natural Infestation

A 2-year field study was conducted to develop an eco-friendly field application method for controlling root-knot disease of eggplant (Solanum melongena). The test sites were heavily infested with the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. The efficacy of neem cake (1.5 t ha−1), talc-based preparations of Pseudomonas fluorescens (10 kg ha−1) and Trichoderma harzianum (10 kg ha−1) as soil application and seed treatment (10 g (kg seed)−1) were tested to develop an integrated nematode management module against M. incognita infecting eggplant. Neem cake, P. fluorescens and T. harzianum alone and in combinations significantly reduced the incidence of root-knot disease of eggplant. Fresh and dry weight of shoots were higher in the plant where neem cake, P. fluorescens and T. harzianum had been applied, than in both M. incognita-infected plants and other treatments. The best protection of disease, in terms of reduction in number of galls (81%) and reproductive factor (Pf∕Pi < 0.5) of the nematode, was achieved through this treatment. It also enhanced yield of eggplant by up to 70%. It is suggested that integrated approach using organic amendment with bio-control agents to manage root-knot disease of eggplant under natural infestation is not only environmentally friendly but also more beneficial to growers. This approach also has potential for overcoming some of the efficacy problems that occur with application of individual biological control agent.

scholarly journals Assessment of bio-agent (Trichoderma Harzianum) in the management of two pepper varieties infected with root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
N. B. Izuogu ◽  
H. S. Baba ◽  
E. O. Winjobi
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Two field trials were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin in the 2012 and 2014 planting seasons to find out the effeciency of Trichoderma harzianum as a bio-control agent in controlling root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in two pepper varieties (F1 Nikita and Gianfranco Fuscello). A 2 × 2 factorial design fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with 5 replications. The T. harzianum filtrate significantly increased plant height, number of leaves, and yield. The control showed higher root galling and soil nematode population. Varietal differences showed that F1 Nikita performed significantly better than G. Fuscello. The combination of Trichoderma and F1 Nikita appears effective for managing root-knot nematodes.

scholarly journals SUSCEPTIBILITY AND TOLERANCE TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA) OF TELFAIRIA OCCIDENTALIS UNDER ORGANIC CONVERSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Jonathan Atungwu ◽  
O. O. Olabinjo ◽  
C. O. Eche ◽  
I. Tijjani
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Celosia Argentea

Three cultivars of Telfairia occidentalis were assessed for their resistance or otherwise to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) infection on the field. Seeds were extracted from the pods of the selected cultivars and planted on moist sawdust in nursery trays to raise seedlings for transplanting. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated thrice. Pre-plant soil samples were taken to estimate initial nematode populations. At seven days after transplanting, eggs of Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) were extracted from 60 day-old Celosia argentea and used for inoculation of the three cultivars of T. occidentalis at approximately 5000 eggs/stand. Plants were, thereafter, observed for vine length, vine girth and number of leaves from two weeks till 8 weeks after transplanting. Final soil nematode population and root gall indices were determined at 60-66 days after inoculation. Reproduction factor was determined and used along with the gall indices to rate the cultivars for resistance or susceptibility to Mi. Results showed that cultivars NHTo-020 and NHTo-030 were susceptible to root-knot nematode which implied that plants allowed nematode reproduction and also suffered yield loss while cultivar NHTo-010 was tolerant to nematode infestation meaning that nematode reproduction took place but the plant does not suffer yield loss. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the mean vine length and number of leaf irrespective of the inoculum while effect on the vine girth was significantly variable. The inoculated plants gave significantly better vegetative growth than the naturally infested plants which indicated genetic variability in the cultivars.

scholarly journals Biocontrol agents in the management of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Santana ◽  
Leonardo Levorato Freire ◽  
Bruno da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Mara Rúbia da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT: Recognized as prominent among the principal pests of tomato crop, the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) has generated much study with regards to control methods. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of biological products in decreasing the M. incognita population in tomato. Four experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions. Two of these experiments had the purpose to determine the efficiency of NemOut™ (Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis + Trichoderma longibrachiatum), and the other two to assess the efficiency of other different biological products in M. incognita management. Tomato plants of the cultivar Santa Cruz Kada Giant were inoculated using 2000 eggs and J2 of M. incognita. In the first two experiments doses corresponding to 0, 4, 6, 8 and 10kg ha-1 of NemOut™ were applied after inoculation. In the second study, the treatments consisted of the use of biological products containing different other biocontrol agents. Assessments were made at 45 and 65 days after inoculation (DAI) to evaluate plant height, fresh shoot and fresh root weigh, gall index and egg mass index, population density and reproduction factor (RF). The NemOut™ doses reduced the M. incognita population density and RF at 45 DAI. The agent Pochonia chlamydosporia showed greater efficiency in controlling M. incognita on tomato. Biological products and the different doses of NemOut™ had no influence on the tomato plant development.

scholarly journals Growth, Development, and Response of Peach Somaclones to the Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 932-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazala P. Hashmi ◽  
F.A. Hammerschlag ◽  
R.N. Huettel ◽  
L.R. Krusberg
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Somaclonal variation has been reported in many plant species, and several phenotypic and genetic changes, including pathogen and pest resistance, have been described. This study was designed to evaluate somaclonal variation in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] regenerants in response to the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. Regenerants SH-156-1, SH-156-7, SH-156-11, and SH-156-12, derived from `Sunhigh' (susceptible) embryo no. 156, and regenerants RH-30-1, RH-30-2, RH-30-4, RH-30-6, RH-30-7, and RH-30-8, derived from `Redhaven' (moderately resistant) embryo no. 30, were screened in vitro for resistance to the root-knot nematode. Under in vitro conditions, fewest nematodes developed on regenerants SH-156-1 and SH-156-11, `Redhaven', and all `Redhaven' embryo no. 30 regenerants. The most nematodes developed on `Sunhigh', `Sunhigh' seedlings (SHS), and regenerant SH-156-7. Nematodes did not develop on `Nemaguard'. In greenhouse tests, fewer nematodes developed and reproduced on the no. 156-series regenerants than on `Sunhigh'. Under in vitro conditions, significant differences among uninfected (control) regenerants, cultivars, and rootstock `Nemaguard' were observed for shoot height and fresh root weights. Significant differences were also observed among infected regenerants, cultivars, and `Nemaguard' for these characteristics, but differences were not observed between control and infected regenerants. Different concentrations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid in half-strength Murashige and Skoog salt medium induced rooting of two peach cultivars, one rootstock, and four regenerants.

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