scholarly journals Electrophysiological assessment of retinal functions by ERG in Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Allium cepa pre-treated mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Richa Shri ◽  
Sushmita Kaushik ◽  
Varinder Singh ◽  
Akshay Anand
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Implicit Time ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Retinal Disorders ◽  
The One ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Retinal Functions

Retinal disorders are the one of the most challenging and complex degenerative diseases that need to be addressed because of rapid increase in the number of affected individuals. Most of the available treatments strategies are inadequate to exert permanent solution to the patients. Therefore, as an alternative approach we wanted to test the efficacy of Allium cepa(A. cepa) in an Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) mouse model. We orally administered the aqueous extract of A. cepa at different dosages 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg 24 hrs prior to the surgery. Electroretinogram (ERG) analysis was carried out at 7 day, 21 day, and 28 day after the surgery. ERG recording depicted that A. cepa administration is able to increase the implicit time but not at the statistically significant level for which larger sample size and deeper analysis is required.

scholarly journals Quotienting the delay monad by weak bisimilarity

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES CHAPMAN ◽  
TARMO UUSTALU ◽  
NICCOLÒ VELTRI
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Equivalence Relation ◽  
Type Theory ◽  
Partial Functions ◽  
Homotopy Type Theory ◽  
Inductive Type ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
Axiom Of Countable Choice

The delay datatype was introduced by Capretta (Logical Methods in Computer Science, 1(2), article 1, 2005) as a means to deal with partial functions (as in computability theory) in Martin-Löf type theory. The delay datatype is a monad. It is often desirable to consider two delayed computations equal, if they terminate with equal values, whenever one of them terminates. The equivalence relation underlying this identification is called weak bisimilarity. In type theory, one commonly replaces quotients with setoids. In this approach, the delay datatype quotiented by weak bisimilarity is still a monad–a constructive alternative to the maybe monad. In this paper, we consider the alternative approach of Hofmann (Extensional Constructs in Intensional Type Theory, Springer, London, 1997) of extending type theory with inductive-like quotient types. In this setting, it is difficult to define the intended monad multiplication for the quotiented datatype. We give a solution where we postulate some principles, crucially proposition extensionality and the (semi-classical) axiom of countable choice. With the aid of these principles, we also prove that the quotiented delay datatype delivers free ω-complete pointed partial orders (ωcppos).Altenkirch et al. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10203, Springer, Heidelberg, 534–549, 2017) demonstrated that, in homotopy type theory, a certain higher inductive–inductive type is the free ωcppo on a type X essentially by definition; this allowed them to obtain a monad of free ωcppos without recourse to a choice principle. We notice that, by a similar construction, a simpler ordinary higher inductive type gives the free countably complete join semilattice on the unit type 1. This type suffices for constructing a monad, which is isomorphic to the one of Altenkirch et al. We have fully formalized our results in the Agda dependently typed programming language.

Abstract MP58: Tissue And Sex Specific Effects Of Gstm1 Deletion In Mouse Models

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Wang ◽  
Nhu Nguyen ◽  
Keith Nehrke ◽  
Paul S Brookes ◽  
Thu H Le
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Iri Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Gene Expression

The glutathione S-transferase ( Gst ) gene family encodes antioxidant enzymes. In humans, a common null allele deletion variant of GST μ-1 ( GSTM1 ) is highly prevalent across populations and is associated with increased risk and progression of various diseases. Using a Gstm1 knockout (KO) mouse model, we previously showed that KO mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension (HTN) have increased kidney injury compared to wild-type (WT) controls, mediated by elevated oxidative stress. In the same mouse model, we have recently reported that in a Langendorff-perfused cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model, where damage is also mediated by oxidative stress, male KO hearts are protected while females are not. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms for this difference in male hearts. WT and KO mice of both sexes were studied at 12-20 weeks of age. Hearts were snap frozen at baseline and after 25 min of global ischemia, and kidneys were collected at baseline and 4 weeks following HTN induction. A panel of 18 Gst genes were probed by qPCR from baseline hearts and kidneys of both sexes. Global metabolites were assayed using Metabolon, Inc. from hearts of both sexes and kidneys of males, at both baseline and diseased states. Analysis by qPCR (n = 3/group) showed that male, but not female, KO hearts had upregulation of other Gst s. In contrast, no significant differences between were found in male kidneys. Metabolomics (n = 6/group) detected 695 metabolites in hearts and 926 in kidneys. There were increases in several metabolites in KO vs. WT hearts including those with antioxidant properties. Notably, increases in carnosine and anserine were observed in KO male hearts but not in female hearts, while that of other antioxidant-related metabolites were observed in hearts of both sexes, but not in kidneys. HTN induced significant increases in metabolites in KO vs. WT kidneys in the pathways related to and linking methionine, cysteine, and glutathione, which were not observed in hearts. In this study, gene expression and metabolites suggest that the mechanisms compensating for the loss of GSTM1 are both tissue and sex specific. The resulting differences in antioxidant enzymes and metabolites may explain the unexpected protection for male Gstm1 KO hearts in IRI.

scholarly journals Gallstone ileus resulting in strong intestinal obstruction

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 721-725
Author(s):  
Israel Szajnbok ◽  
Fernando Lorenzi ◽  
Aldo Junqueira Rodrigues Jr. ◽  
Luis Fernando Correa Zantut ◽  
Renato Sérgio Poggetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Therapy Decision ◽  
Biliary Calculus ◽  
The One ◽  
Elder People

Mechanic intestinal obstruction, caused by the passage of biliary calculus from vesicle to intestine, through fistulization, although not frequent, deserve study due to the morbi-mortality rates. Incidence in elder people explains the association with chronic degenerative diseases, increasing complexity in terms of therapy decision. Literature discusses the need and opportunity for the one or two-phase surgical attack of the cholecystenteric fistule, in front of the resolution on the obstructive urgency and makes reference to Gallstone Ileus as an exception for strong intestinal obstruction. The more frequent intestinal obstruction observed is when it occurs a Gallstone Ileus impacting in terms of ileocecal valve. The authors submit a Gallstone Ileus manifestation as causing strong intestinal obstruction, discussing aspects regarding diagnostic and treatment.

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN LARUTAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DAN AIR KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) SEBAGAI FITOHORMON ALAMI PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TEBU (Sacchanum officinarum L.) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Dewi Kurniawati ◽  
HRA Mulyani ◽  
Rasuane Noor
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The One ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

This study aims to 1) to see the effect of natural phytohormones in onions and coconut water on the growth of sugarcane, 2) To see the effect of giving natural phytohormones to sugarcane plants which produce the best growth, 3) To see the results of research on the growth of sugarcane can be used biology learning resources. This type of research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD). This study consisted of 4 treatments, namely, the first treatment was giving sand and red soil, the second treatment was giving manure and 15% concentration of onion solution phytohormones, the third treatment was giving manure and phytohormones with 25% concentration of coconut water solution, the fourth treatment was Pembrian. Manure and phytohormone combined with 15% concentration of onion solution + phytohormone with 25% concentration of coconut water solution. The parameters observed in this study were height in units (cm), number of leaves (counting manually), stem diameter in units (cm). To determine the effect of phytohormone solutions on shallots and coconut water, data analysis was carried out using the one-way ANOVA test. and further tests to find out the most optimum treatment for the growth of sugarcane using the BNJ test. Based on the research, there was a significant effect of giving natural phytohormones on the growth of sugarcane, with the best treatment, namely the third treatment of giving manure and phytohormones of coconut water solution. The results of this research can be used as a source of learning biology in the form of videos with material on the growth and development of class XII. Kata kunci: larutan bawang merah (allium cepa L), air  kelapa (cocos nucifera L), fitohormon, tanamantebu.

scholarly journals Gdy Europa choruje, Rosja nie jest lekarstwem

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Marek Menkiszak
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Policy ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
New Situation ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Ambiguous Position

In the face of a new serious crisis in Europe caused by the coronavirus pandemic, Russia has taken an ambiguous position. On the one hand, it was spreading fake news and, on the other hand, it was providing Italy with symbolic support. Russia’s immediate goal was to persuade the European Union (EU) to reduce or lift sanctions. The new situation provides a new argument to those participants of the European debate who are in favour of normalisation and even reset of relations with Russia. Among them, the voice of France is particularly clear since its President Emanuel Macron has taken up the initiative to build the ‘architecture of trust and security’ with Russia. These proposals, which are now quite vague, are based on questionable  assumptions and deepen divisions in Europe and the crisis in transatlantic relations. By rising Moscow’s hopes for some form of (geo)political bargain, they in fact encourage Russia to continue its aggressive policy towards its European neighbours. An alternative approach based on several principles is needed in the debate on EU policy towards Russia: developing all five Mogherini’s points; maintaining sanctions against Russia until the reasons for their introduction cease to exist; symmetry of commitments and benefits related to limited cooperation with Russia; inviolability of key interests, security and sovereignty of EU and NATO member and partner states; and balancing the dialogue with the Russian authorities by supporting Russian civil society. Europe can survive without Russia but Russia cannot survive without Europe, which is why European policy needs consistency and strategic patience.

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