Introduction

Halloween ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Murray Leeder ◽  
Murray Leeder
Keyword(s):  
Horror Films ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Slasher Film ◽  
Exploitation Film ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Urban Legend

This introductory chapter provides an overview and a synopsis of John Carpenter's Halloween (1978). Halloween is an acknowledged horror classic, and one of the relatively few horror films added to the National Film Registry by the U.S. Library of Congress, an honour accorded to it in 2006. A large part of the effectiveness of Halloween lies in its willingness to be basic and uncomplicated. Even its stylistic flourishes, highly ambitious for such a low-budget independent production, are smoothly integrated, instead of being showy and ostentatious. Carpenter has characterised Halloween as an exercise in style, and freely uses the term ‘exploitation film’ to describe it. The chapter then considers the relationship between Halloween and the slasher film. It also assesses the role of urban legend themes in Halloween, and how the film evokes a practice that anthropologists and folklorists have dubbed ‘legend tripping’.

Board of Director Characteristics, Institutional Ownership, and Fraud: Evidence from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineeta D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Board Of Director ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Director Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Due to the high incidence of fraud in Australia, regulatory reports suggest strengthening the monitoring role of the board of directors (BOD). These reports recommend greater independence and no duality (chairperson of the BOD should not be the CEO) on the BOD. While there is no Australian evidence, research evidence in the U.S. supports these suggested reforms. It is not clear whether the research evidence observed in the U.S. will generalize to the Australian setting because of contextual differences. This study extends the U.S. findings to the Australian context and investigates the relationship between two attributes of the BOD, independence and duality, and fraud. In addition, I examine whether institutional ownership plays a role in the context of fraud. The more highly concentrated institutional ownership in Australia suggests the presence of some relationship. Using a matched sample of fraud and no-fraud firms from 1988–2000, I find that as the percentage of independent directors and the percentage of independent institutional ownership increases, the likelihood of fraud decreases. As expected, the results show a positive relationship between duality and the likelihood of fraud. These results support the call for strengthening the composition and structure of the BOD in Australia.

First Blood: The Opening of Scream

Scream ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Steven West
Keyword(s):  
Short Film ◽  
Opening Scene ◽  
Slasher Film ◽  
Central Characters ◽  
Urban Legend ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses the first character seen on screen in Wes Craven's Scream named Casey, portrayed by Drew Barrymore, in a sequence generally regarded as an arresting self-contained set piece. It explains how Scream serves as a short film in its own right, priming the audience for the film's principal gimmick. It also describes the way Scream acknowledges the standard role of a prologue in a slasher film, which follow the terrorisation and murder of a short-lived character as a means of establishing the antagonist prior to the introduction of the central characters. The chapter mentions the ominous caller in Scream that is voiced by Roger Jackson who represented the vocals of the killer through a universal, gender-defying voice-changing device employed by the antagonist. It talks about Scream's opening scene and the slasher format that has its origins in an enduring urban legend referred to as 'The Babysitter and the Man Upstairs'.

Introduction: Reinhabiting the Earth

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
David Wood
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Common ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between habit and climate change. It would be hard to overestimate the role of habit in people's lives. At one level, this is all well and good. There are, of course, bad habits, which people try to kick, but people's daily life would collapse without the scaffolding of habit. Still, when one contemplates climate change and the catastrophic future it presages, it is hard not to conclude that “business as usual” simply cannot continue for long. “Business as usual” means the common cloth of people's Western daily lives, their normal practices, in large part consisting of habits—personal, collective, economic, and intellectual. Forms of life, patterns of dwelling, other than the current consumerist model are undoubtedly possible. But whether people can get there from here voluntarily is another matter. If reinhabiting the earth means changing some of people's deep habits, habits reflecting historical sedimentations and congealings, then unearthing the forces in play, seeing how they operate and what is at stake in reconfiguring them, is a historical task to which philosophy can at least contribute. Economists are also central to imagining other economic orders, such as that of degrowth.

Comparing Cultures of Commemoration in Ancient and Modern Societies

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
POLLY LOW ◽  
GRAHAM OLIVER
Keyword(s):  
Public And Private ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter surveys recent and current trends in the study of memory and commemoration, and also outlines the themes explored in the rest of the book: the forms of monuments, and the contexts in which monuments were located; the role of ritual; tensions between public and private commemorations; and the relationship between memory and forgetting.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Phillip Brown
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Changing Economy ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter outlines an alternative theory of human capital based on job scarcity rather than labor scarcity. This is done in the context of a changing economy, wherein orthodox human capital theory has resulted in credential hyperinflation. The new human capital proposes to address challenges presented by global competition, new technologies, and economic inequalities. To develop an alternative theory, the chapter reexamines the role of human beings and their relationship to capital. It argues that the story of human capital represents a conflict at the very heart of capitalism, where the outcome is yet to be decided. The new human capital involves rethinking supply, demand, and return, and in doing so highlights a fundamental change in the relationship between them.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anne Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
New Era ◽  
Contemporary German Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multidimensional Concept

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the role of technology in people's relationship with time. Since the invention of the World Wide Web in 1990, digital technologies have revolutionized the relationship between individuals, their worlds, and their temporal horizons. The ever-tighter enmeshing of human worlds with digital media alters the very notion of experience. Indeed, the ontological difference between lived and virtual experience is diminishing as technology transmutes dispositions, habits, and perceptions. Because the information age promotes instant access, it also erodes the expectation of temporal processing. The new era of the “digital now” challenges not only established notions of delayed gratification but also the very idea of time as a multidimensional concept that integrates past, present, and future into human experience. This book therefore investigates temporal anxieties from a broad cultural-historical perspective that illuminates alternative temporal trajectories and experiences. It does this by analyzing how contemporary German literature, film, and photography stage, perform, and bring forth other kinds of time.

CONTEXTS, CONCEPTS AND CONTENTIONS: GENDER LEGISLATION AS POLITICS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Hawwa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounira Charrad
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Political Matter

AbstractDebates over gender relevant legislation such as family law have led to serious conflict in many periods of Middle Eastern history, especially in recent times. One way to understand the intensity of the current debates is to recognize that gender issues raise fundamental questions about the relationship between individual and society and the role of states. In this article I argue that, in considering gender relevant legislation in the Middle East, we need to develop a framework that is different from the paradigms anchored in the politics of western liberal democracies in the U.S. and Western Europe. The frame of reference I propose is built upon the following propositions. (1) We should treat gender legislation in the Middle East as an inherently political matter that goes to the heart of the organization of power. Such a perspective opens up the possibility of considering the role of multiple and complex political processes including pressures from below by social movements and top down reforms. (2) We need to reformulate the concepts of tradition and modernity that have pervaded the study of gender in the Islamic world. Tradition and modernity as two distinct, well-defined cultural forms should be dropped altogether. Instead, the discourses of tradition and modernity should be taken as political constructs and the following question should be asked: who benefits from each discourse in given political contexts? (3) The role of kin-based solidarities should be considered in the nexus of conflicts and alliances that shape the process of state formation. The individualistic model of politics in western liberal democracies has limited value for the understanding of political processes in the historical development of the Middle East. The focus should be instead on the role of identities based in communities that define themselves in collective and ascriptive terms of common kinship.

scholarly journals Messages in Conflict: Examining Leadership Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-516
Author(s):  
Deborah Sellnow-Richmond ◽  
Marta\ Lukacovic ◽  
Scott Sellnow-Richmond ◽  
Lynzee Kraushaar
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Leadership Communication ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Important Time ◽  
Perceptions Of Leadership ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

One year into the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. had lost over a half million lives to the virus. Organizations had to shift the way they operated, requiring effective communication to help employees transition. This study examines two important time periods during the pandemic: early May, just after stay-at-home orders began to be lifted, and late November, as infection rates soared. This study quantitatively examines the role of perceived severity, organizational trust, reputation, and credibility on participants employed during the pandemic expectations of leadership at the organizational, state, and federal levels. Then, participants were interviewed to understand perceptions of leadership. Results illustrate the relationship between perceived severity of the threat and trust in leadership and uncertainty about mitigation measures from state and federal levels.

scholarly journals Modern singing sons of the Pharaohs

Ethnologies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-88
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Ramzy
Keyword(s):  
Library Of Congress ◽  
The West ◽  
Discursive Politics ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Sound Objects ◽  
The U.S

In 2009, the U.S. Library of Congress officially launched the Ragheb Moftah Collection, an online exhibit that presented the largest music archive of Coptic liturgical recordings and music transcriptions outside of Egypt. Moftah, an amateur Egyptian collector, had commissioned an English composer, Ernest Newlandsmith, to notate and record the entire Orthodox hymnody. They both believed that, as the last connection to a Pharaonic and pre-Islamic past, the ancient melodies lay unchanged, “buried under a debris of Arabic and other ornamentation.” Drawing on Wendy Cheng’s notion of strategic orientalism (2013) and Timothy Mitchell’s staging modernity (2000), I explore contemporary discursive politics of sound archives in the Coptic community. Specifically, I investigate the role of Coptic music archives in articulations of community legitimacy, indigeneity, and agency as a religious and political minority in a Muslim majority nation. How have today’s cantors and activists rendered western transcriptions as sound objects which to negotiate authenticity as Egypt’s last remaining “modern sons of the pharaohs,” even without being able to read them? As the principal curator of the site, I explore how Western scholarly encounters have not only entangled Coptic music discourses in a western-centered teleology of modernity and progress, but in emulating the West, also infused them with orientalist critiques that equated heterophony and embellishments to “Arab debris” that marked signs of backwardness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document