scholarly journals DETERMINATION AND EVALUATION OF RAILWAY AGGREGATE SUB-BALLAST GRADATION AND OTHER PROPERTIES VARIATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deividas NAVIKAS ◽  
Matas BULEVIČIUS ◽  
Henrikas SIVILEVIČIUS
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Mean

The use of high quality aggregate mixture, proper technological parameters of laying and compacting as well as the required thickness of the mixture ensures railway sub-ballast layer properties. In this paper gradation, den­sity and water permeability of 49 produced random samples of aggregate sub-ballast (ASB) mixture which were taken from the stockpile in the plant and from the uncompacted railway layer are investigated. The statistical parameters of the ASB mixture quality indicators and histograms with theoretical curves of normal distribution are presented as well. Their conformity to normal distribution was tested through the use of skewness, kurtosis, Pearson, Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov methods. Regression analysis was employed to determine the dependence of standard deviation of percent passing on the mean percent passing through the sieves. In this paper a new method of determining the homo­geneity of ASB according to the variation of gradation using the maximum standard deviation value of this dependence was employed. The minimum size n was calculated with the permissible relative error of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The obtained research findings revealed that due to segregation processes the homogeneity of ASB mixture from the point of its production to application has decreased by about 38%.

scholarly journals Caring for the carer: quality of life and burden of female caregivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-736
Author(s):  
Michelly Guedes de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Michelinne Oliveira Machado Dutra ◽  
Carla Carolina Silva Leite Freitas ◽  
Tatiane Gomes Guedes ◽  
Francisco Stélio de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Status Number ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the quality of life and the burden of female caregivers. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out with 224 informal caregivers from March to July 2016. Three instruments were used: a characterization form for the caregiver, the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire and the Zarit Burden Interview. The following tests were used: Cronbach’s Alpha, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman and Mann-Whitney. Results: The mean age of caregivers was 51.8 years with a standard deviation of 13.7. They were predominantly married, had a low income and low level of education, were first-degree relatives, had been providing care for one to five years and presented some pathology. The associations of quality of life that presented statistical significance were: income, marital status, number of people living with the caregiver and time of care. Conclusion: The burden was negatively correlated with QOL, that is, the greater the burden, the more impaired will be the life of these caregivers.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF GRADATION VARIATION OF THE GRANITE AGGREGATES USED IN ASPHALT MIXTURES AT THEIR MANUFACTURING PLACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mantas Makulavičius ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mixture Homogeneity

Asphalt mixture gradation homogeneity is one of the key factors for proper laying and compaction during road pavement and its long-term maintenance afterwards. To achieve the good quality asphalt mixture homogeneity of aggregates used in road pavement must be kept in mind. Regarding to this, gradation variation of five different granite aggregates fractions (0/2, 2/5, 5/8, 8/11 and 11/16) from one of the largest manufacturing plants in Lithuania were determined in this paper. Total of 244 samples were taken from conveyer belt at the manufacturing place and all the data was evaluated by statistical methods providing histograms with theoretical curves of normal distribution. After that, the results were compared to each other and the requirements issued by Lithuanian road administration authority. Regression analysis was used to determine the dependence of standard deviation of percent passing and the mean percent passing through the sieves. The obtained research findings revealed that the maximum value of standard deviation of this dependence was equal to mean of 50% percent passing. Further investigations should include other aggregates quality parameters variation and its homogeneity throughout different stages of technological and transportation processes.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Basketball Teams Through Normal Distribution and R Programming

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Probability Density Function ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Sports Analytics ◽  
R Programming Language ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Two Parameters

Basketball has existed for almost 130 years, becoming one of the most famous sports worldwide by affecting millions of lives and having national and global tournaments. With the general improvement of people's concern and love for sports competition, sports analytics’ role will become more prominent. Hence, this paper combines the relevant knowledge of statistics and typical basketball competition cases from NBA, expounding the application of statistics in sports competition. The paper first examines the importance of normal distribution (also called Gaussian distribution) in statistics through its probability density function and the function's graph. The function has two parameters: the mean for the maximum and standard deviation for the distance away from the mean[1]. By compiling datasets of past teams and individuals for their basketball performances and making simple calculations of their standard deviation and mean, the paper constructs normal distribution graphs using the R programming language. Finally, the paper examines the Real Plus-Minus value and its importance in basketball.

SEA‐GRAVIMETER TRIALS ON THE HALIFAX TEST RANGE ABOARD CSS HUDSON, 1972

Geophysics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Valliant ◽  
J. Halpenny ◽  
R. Beach ◽  
R. V. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Simultaneous Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Test Profiles ◽  
Gravity Test ◽  
Three Components

A simultaneous test of a LaCoste and Romberg and a Graf‐Askania sea gravimeter was made over the Halifax Gravity Test Range aboard CSS Hudson in 1972. The test consisted of a total of 33 traverses over precisely located and calibrated test profiles established for this purpose. If errors are defined as the difference between surface and underwater values compared on a common datum, the mean LaCoste gravimeter error observed during a traverse varied from run‐to‐run to form a near normal distribution with mean of 1.8 mgal and standard deviation of 1.0 mgal. The corresponding statistics for the Askania are 2.1 mgal and 3.4 mgal, respectively, with the distribution markedly skew. The data were correlated with three components of accelerations as measured by the LaCoste and Romberg inertial platform. No significant correlation was evident for the LaCoste meter. Some correlation for the Graf‐Askania data, to which crosscoupling corrections are not normally applied, was observed.

Dressage scoring patterns at selected British Eventing novice events

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
TC Whitaker ◽  
J Hill
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Subjective Bias ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractSubjective bias by judges within the dressage phase of eventing competition is problematic if correct evaluation of horse and rider performance is to be undertaken. The present study examines dressage penalty scoring (penalty scores are awarded for completion of a pre-set series of dressage movements) within a population of novice event horses (n = 2471). Between May and June 2003, 22 novice events within the UK were analysed, and at each event up to six competitions or sections (at the same competitive level) were run. The whole population data structure was normal in distribution, Pearson's skewness 0.314 (Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z = 1.855, P>0.05 from zero) and kurtosis at 0.425. The mean score recorded for the whole population was 37.82 penalty points (standard deviation = 5.65 and standard error = 0.11). A number of effects were observed within the population. Between-events effects were observed in three of the 22 events studied (P<0.01). Of those events running three or more sections (n = 16), within-event effects were observed for 10 events as differences (P<0.01) in mean scoring patterns between sections. All events running two sections (n = 4) were observed to exhibit differences (P<0.02) in mean scores. Differences (P>0.01) between the dressage test used at events were determined using post hoc Bonferroni tests. However, these differences were not found to have a confounding effect on the between-event observations. The study indicates that additional methodologies need to be implemented to ensure that accurate and impartial evaluation of event horses is conducted.

scholarly journals Statistical image analysis for information system

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Рязанцев ◽  
Г.М. Хорошун ◽  
O.I. Рязанцев
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Statistical Image Analysis ◽  
Unit Step ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kirchhoff Integral

The surface Kirchhoff integral is numerically calculated by the fourth-order Newton – Cotes method with high accuracy. The intensity is normalized. Implemented quantization of the signal with a unit step for different distances of observation is carried out. The cross section of the central topological object intensity and its characteristics are shown. Variation curves and cumulates are constructed for intensity distributions at different observation distances. The basic statistical parameters of distributions are determined, such as, the mode, the mean, the median and the standard deviation.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE GOOGLE CLASSROOM APPLICATION ON THE STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILLS IN SMA SWASTA GAJAH MADA MEDAN DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Irma Khoirot Daulay ◽  
Agnes Charismah Iman Putri Zendrato ◽  
Jeffry Jeffry ◽  
Neslita Elisabeth Manik ◽  
Priska Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Result

The research aims to determine the effectiveness of applying the Google Classroom Application on the students' Writing Skills from grade X1 of SMA Swasta Gajah Mada Medan. The research applied the quantitative method with experimental design. The data were analyzed using the mathematics system related to the methods applied in the research. According to the research findings, it is concluded that Applying Google Classroom Application potentially gives more effectiveness in teaching writing skills to the students. After the post-test is done, the mean score of applying Google Classroom Application is 85.65. The standard deviation is 7.353, and the number of students is 26. The mean by applying conventional strategy is  62.00, the standard deviation is 3.943, and the number of students is 24. From the research result, the researchers found that the mean score of the experimental group students was improved by 17.10. In the controlled group, the mean score of the students was improved by 9.75. After the post-test by applying Google Classroom Application to the students is undertaken,  the normality test result is 0.465. After a post-test to the students by applying the conventional teaching method in the controlled group is given, the normality test result is 0.243. The research finding explained that the Google Classroom Application successfully improved the students'  writing skills, especially at SMA Swasta Gajah Mada Medan during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Awareness, Benefits, and Services: Lecturers’ Perceived Towards The Application of ISO 9001: 2008 at University

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syukri ◽  
Nisaul Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Empirical Standard Deviation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Empirical Standard

Abstract: The State Islamic Institute Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin (IAIN STS) Jambi has been applying ISO 9001; 2008 since February 2013. One of previous research findings was the resistance regarding the ISO standards and the certification process. This study was to examine the problem through conducting lecturers’ perception towards ISO 9001; 2008 at IAIN STS Jambi in terms of their awareness, benefits and services. Respondents were lecturers of IAIN STS Jambi as many as 122 people from 4 faculties. The research employed a quantitative survey method that uses a likert-scale questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistic. The findings show that lecturers’ perception on the application of TQM ISO 9001: 2008 in IAIN STS Jambi included in the group of moderate to high. The mean empirical data (x = 47,30) was higher than the average hypothetical (μ = 42). This indicates that the perception of lecturers on the application of ISO in IAIN STS Jambi is high (positive). Empirical standard deviation (s = 9,910) was higher than the hypothetical standard deviation (σ = 9:33). This shows that the perception of lecturers on the application of ISO 9001: 2008 at IAIN STS Jambi has a high variation. Meanwhile, gender variable has a significant relationship between the perception of ISO 9001: 2008 on improving the quality of teaching. Employment status (fulltime civil employer or non-full-time civil employer) have a significant relationship between the perception of ISO 9001; 2008 for quality of services and quality of coordination.

Distribution of Movement Time in a Target-Aiming Task

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarald O. Kvålseth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Order Linear ◽  
First Order ◽  
Index Of Difficulty ◽  
The Mean

Various characteristics of the distribution of movement time were analyzed for a task involving serial and rotary arm movements aimed at a target. For experimental data generated from five Ss, (a) the distribution tended to be unimodal and more peaked than a normal distribution, (b) the skewness of the distribution was predominantly positive and (c) the standard deviation, in addition to the mean, of movement time was significantly affected by the complexity of the task as measured by Fitts' index of difficulty, while the skewness and the kurtosis were not. For the average results for the Ss, a first-order linear model with the standard deviation of movement time as the dependent variable and Fitts' index as the independent one explained 67% of the variation in standard deviation as compared to 98% of the variation in mean movement time accounted for by the Fitts' index.

Setting Control Limits for Escherichia coli Counts in Samples Collected Routinely from Pig or Beef Carcasses†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2837-2842 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. GILL ◽  
T. H. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Limits

Records of Escherichia coli counts in samples routinely collected from carcasses were obtained from one pork and three beef packing plants. The data obtained from each plant were divided into sets from consecutive 6-month periods. For each set of counts, log total counts were calculated for subsets of various sizes. For each set of log total counts, the mean (x̄), the standard deviation (SD), and an action limit of x̄ + 3 SD were calculated, and the set was tested for a normal distribution. With the data from samples collected at the pork packing plant during 6 years, the proportion of samples with counts of zero in the 12 sets ranged from 15 to 45%. For that plant, appropriate action limits could be derived from log total counts for subsets of nine unit values. With the data from samples collected during 8 years at one beef packing plant, the proportion of samples with counts of zero in the 16 sets ranged from 88 to 99%. For that plant, appropriate action limits could be derived from log total counts for subsets of 15 unit values. With the data from samples collected during 2 or 2.5 years at each of the other beef packing plants, the proportion of samples with counts of zero in all sets was &gt;99%. For those data, action limits could not be derived from values for subsets of log total counts.

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