scholarly journals Characterization of uropathogenic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from hospitalized patients in western Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zenati ◽  
Abouddihaj Barguigua ◽  
Kaotar Nayme ◽  
Fethi Benbelaïd ◽  
Abdelmounaïm Khadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and molecular characterization of uropathogenic Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli. Methodology: During 3 years, all hospitalized patients at the University-affiliated hospital of Tlemcen and presenting urinary tract infections caused by E. coli were considered as potential study participants. These E. coli isolates were examined phenotypically for ESBL production. ESBL strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and were investigated for the presence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes, 16SrRNA methylase genes and virulence genes by using conventional PCR and DNA sequencing. The molecular characterization of ESBL strains was established by phylogenetic grouping method and ERIC-PCR. Results: The overall prevalence of ESBL was 32.5%. The blaCTX-M-15 was the most frequently detected in ESBL isolates, followed by blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-28, blaCTX-M-1 and blaSHV-12 respectively. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were detected in the 15 ESBL strains with the aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene was the most detected followed by qnrB1 and qnrA1 gene respectively. Among the 22 ESBL isolates resistant to gentamicin and amikacin, the 16SrRNA methylase genes were detected in 4 isolates. The sfa and pap virulent genes were founds in 26% and 22% of isolates receptively. The genotyping analysis of all strains revealed that almost were belonged to phylogenetic groups A1 and A0 and fourteen distinct clones. Conclusion: The emergence of uropathogenic ESBL isolates and the high rate of blaCTX-M are alarming in Algeria. Strict measure must be required to control the further spread of these strains in Algerian hospitals.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Reveals Emergence of Drug Resistant O15, O22 and O25 Serogroups

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta Prakapaite ◽  
Frederic Saab ◽  
Rita Planciuniene ◽  
Vidmantas Petraitis ◽  
Thomas J. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

Background and Objectives: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are common pathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). We aimed to investigate the relationship among clinical manifestation, serogroups, phylogenetic groups, and antimicrobial resistance among UPEC. Materials and Methods: One-hundred Escherichia coli isolates recovered from urine and ureteral scrapings were used for the study. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was determined by using European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recommendations. E. coli serogroups associated with UTI, as well as phylogenetic diversity were analyzed using multiplex PCR reactions. Results: Eighty-seven strains (87%) were isolated from females, while 13 (13%) from males. A high frequency of resistance to cephalosporins (43%) and fluoroquinolones (31%) was observed. Among UTI-associated serogroups O15 (32.8%), O22 (23.4%), and O25 (15.6%) were dominant and demonstrated elevated resistance rates. The E. coli phylogenetic group B2 was most common. These observations extended to pregnant patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Conclusions: Due to high rates of resistance, strategies using empirical therapy of second-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones should be reconsidered in this population.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of β-Lactamase Producing Genes and Integrons in Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli From Diarrheal Children Less Than Five Years of Age in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Dembele ◽  
Wendpoulomdé A.D. Kaboré ◽  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Oumar Traoré ◽  
Nafissatou Ouédraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains to β-lactams antibiotics and to perform the molecular characterization of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and integrons genes. Methods This study was carried out from August 2013 to October 2015 and involved 31 DEC strains isolated from diarrheal stools samples collected from children less than five years of age. The identification and characterization of DEC strains was done through the standard biochemical tests those were confirmed using API 20E and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The determination of antimicrobial resistance was realized by the disk diffusion method then an amplification of the β-lactamase resistance genes and integrons by PCR was done. Results Out of the 419 E. coli strains identified, 31 isolates (7.4%) harbored the DEC virulence genes. From these DEC, 21 (67.7%) were ESBL-producing E. coli. Susceptibility to ESBL-producing E. coli showed that the majority of isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin (77.4%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (77.4%) and piperacillin (64.5%). The following antibiotic resistance genes and integron were identified from the 31 DEC isolates: blaTEM (6.5%), blaSHV (19.4%), blaOXA (38.7%) blaCTX−M (9.7%), Int1 (58.1%) and Int3 (19.4%). No class 2 integrons (Int2) was characterized. Conclusions Because of the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant ESBL organisms found in this study among pediatric patients, there is a need of stringent pediatric infection control measures.

scholarly journals Detection of Phylogenetic Groups and Drug Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Southwest Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Boroumand Boroumand ◽  
Mohsen Naghmachi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Ghatee
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Many bacteria can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs), among which Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent. E. coli strains are divided into eight phylogenetic groups based on the new Quadroplex-PCR method, which are different in terms of patterns of resistance to antibiotics, virulence, and environmental characteristics. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic groups and the prevalence of drug resistance genes in E. coli strains causing UTIs. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 129 E. coli isolates obtained from the culture of patients with UTIs were evaluated for phylogenetic groups using the new method of Clermont et al. The identification of phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance genes was performed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: In this study, concerning the distribution of phylogenetic groups among E. coli isolates, the phylogenetic group B2 (36.4%) was the most common phylogenetic group, followed by phylogroups C (13.2%), clade I (10.1%), D (9.3%), and A (3.1%) while groups B1 and F were not observed in any of the isolates, and 20.2% had an unknown state. Also, out of 129 E. coli isolates, the total frequency of tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, CITM, DfrA, and qnr resistance genes was 59.7%, 66.7, 69, 62, 30.2, 23.3, and 20.2%, respectively. In this study, there was a significant relationship between antibiotics (P = 0.026), cefotaxime (P = 0.003), and nalidixic acid (P = 0.044) and E. coli phylogenetic groups. No significant relationship was observed between E. coli phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance genes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that strains belonging to group B2 had the highest prevalence among other phylogroups, and also, the frequency of antibiotic resistance genes and drug-resistant isolates had a higher prevalence in this phylogroup. These results show that phylogroup B2 has a more effective role in causing urinary tract infections compared to other phylogroups, and this phylogroup can be considered a genetic reservoir of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Characterization of antibiotic resistance integrons harbored by Romanian Escherichia coli uropathogenic strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Mihaela Oprea ◽  
Madalina Cornelia Militaru ◽  
Adriana Simona Ciontea ◽  
Daniela Cristea ◽  
Violeta Cristea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Gene Cassettes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractBecause little is known about the integrons which constitute an important means of spreading resistance in bacteria circulating in Romania, this study aimed to detect antibiotic resistance gene cassettes embedded in integrons in a convenient collection of 60 ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates of various phylogroups, associated with community-acquired urinary tract infections. Characterization of the integrons was accomplished by PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism typing, and DNA sequencing of each identified type. More than half of the tested E. coli strains were positive for integrons of class 1 (31 strains) or 2 (1 strain). These strains derived more frequently from phylogenetic groups A (15 of 21 strains), B1 (10 of 14 strains), and F (3 of 4 strains), respectively. While 20 strains carried class 1 integrons which could be assigned to nine types, eleven strains carried integrons that lacked the 3’-end conserved segment. The attempts made to characterize the gene cassettes located within the variable region of the various integrons identified in this study revealed the presence of genes encoding resistance to trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams or chloramphenicol. The evidence of transferable resistance determinants already established in the autochthonous E. coli strains highlights the need for improved control of resistance-carrying bacteria.

scholarly journals 1667. Change in characteristics of community-onset ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates causing community-acquired acute pyelonephritis in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S820-S820
Author(s):  
Bongyoung Kim ◽  
Ki Tae Kwon ◽  
Seong-yeol Ryu ◽  
Seong-Heon Wie ◽  
Hyun-uk Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Community Onset

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to examine the change in characteristics of community-onset ciprofloxacin-resistant (CIP-R) E. coli isolates causing community-acquired acute pyelonephritis (CA-APN) in South Korea between 2010-2011 and 2017-2018. Methods E. coli samples isolated from the blood or urine were collected from patients with CA-APN aged 19 years and more who were admitted to 8 Korean hospitals from September 2017 to August 2018, prospectively. One isolate was collected from each patient. Phylogenetic typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and molecular characterization of β-lactamase resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants were performed. The data were compared with those from the previous study with same design in 2010-2011. Results A total of 346 and 300 isolates were collected during 2017-2018 and 2010-2011, respectively. Among them, 76 (22.0%) and 77 (25.7%) were CIP-R isolates. Significantly higher antimicrobial resistance against ampicillin (75.7% vs. 100%, P < 0.001) and cefotaxime (23.9% vs. 77.9%, P < 0.001) were observed for isolates in 2017-2018 compared to those in 2010-2011. The proportion of phylogenic group B2 had increased significantly (44.7% vs. 79.2%, P < 0.001). As for MLST, the proportion of ST131 (27.6% vs. 66.2%, P < 0.001) had increased while that of ST393 (18.4% vs. 3.9%, P =0.004) had decreased significantly. Higher proportion of CIP-R E. coli isolates in 2017-2018 had extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (PABL) (23.7% vs. 79.2%, P < 0.001) and PMQR determinant (11.8% vs. 40.8%, P < 0.001) compared to those in 2010-2011. Phlogenetic tree Analyzed by SplitsTree Conclusion Among uropathogenic CIP-R E. coli isolates in South Korea, ST131 predominance had become more prominent and the proportion of containing ESBL/PABL and/or PMQR determinants had increased. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Spread of NDM-5 and OXA-181 Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli in Chad

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumar Ouchar Mahamat ◽  
Manon Lounnas ◽  
Mallorie Hide ◽  
Abelsalam Tidjani ◽  
Julio Benavides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT We detected for the first time blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 in Escherichia coli isolates from hospitalized patients and healthy volunteers in Chad. These resistance genes were located on IncX3 and IncF plasmids. Despite the large diversity of E. coli clones, the identified resistant intestinal isolates belonged mainly to the same sequence type.

scholarly journals 480. Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens in Three Tertiary Care Hospitals in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S235-S235
Author(s):  
Amani Kholy ◽  
Samia A Girgis ◽  
Arwa R Elmanakhly ◽  
Mervat A F Shetta ◽  
Dalia El- Kholy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Abstract Background High rates of AMR among Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) have been reported from Egypt for almost 2 decades. Surveillance and identifying the genetic basis of AMR provide important information to optimize patient care. As there is no adequate data on the genetic basis of AMR in Egypt, we aimed to identify the molecular characterization of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens (GNP). Methods Three major tertiary-care hospitals in Egypt participated in the “Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends” (SMART) from 2014 to 2016. Consecutive GNPs were identified and their susceptibility to antimicrobials were tested. Molecular identification of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase resistance genes was conducted on MDR isolates. Results We enrolled 1,070 consecutive Gram-negative isolates; only one isolate per patient according to the standard protocol of (SMART). During 2014–2015, 578 GNP were studied. Enterobacteriaceae comprised 66% of the total isolates. K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the most common (29.8% and 29.4%). K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the predominant organisms in IAI (30.5% and 30.1%, respectively) and UTI (and 38.9% and 48.6%, respectively), while Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent in RTI (40.2%). ESBL producers were phenotypically detected in 53% of K. pneumoniae, and 68% of E. coli. During 2016, 495 GNP were studied. ESBL continued to be high. For E. coli and K. pneunomiea, the most active antimicrobials were amikacin (≥93%), imipenem/meropenem (≥87%) and colistin (97%). Genetic study of ertapenem-resistant isolates and 50% of isolates with ESBL phenotype revealed ESβL production in more than 90% of isolates; blaCTXM-15 was detected in 71.4% and 68.5% in K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively, blaTEM-OSBL in 48.5% and47.5% of K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes were detected in 45.4% of isolates. In K. pneumoniae, OXA-48 dominated (40.6%), followed by NDM1 (23.7%) and OXA-232 (4.5%). Conclusion Our study detected alarming rates of resistance and identified many resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates from Egyptian hospitals. These high rates highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of the resistance trend and discovering the novel resistant mechanisms of resistance, and the underscores a national antimicrobial stewardship plan in Egypt. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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