Nutritional status evaluation and nutrient intake in adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and their contacts

Introduction: Malnutrition is a common status in patients with tuberculosis (TB). Because TB is disseminated through the sputum of infected persons, individuals who maintain relations with a TB patient are at high risk of infection; this risk is greater when contacts present an inadequate nutritional status. The aim of this work was to analyse and compare the nutritional status and macro and micronutrient intake of TB patients and their household contacts. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in TB patients from Nuevo Leon, México, and their household contacts. Thirty-nine patients diagnosed with TB and 62 contacts were evaluated. Anthropometric evaluation was performed considering weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR); nutrient intake was evaluated by applying 24-hour dietary recalls. Results: According to anthropometric assessment, the study population showed a greater trend towards being overweight and obese; 62% of TB patients and contacts had this type of malnutrition, while only 8% of individuals were undernourished. A greater tendency towards malnutrition was observed in the TB patient group. Conclusions: TB patients and their contacts presented as overweight and obese. Both groups showed similar patterns in macro and micronutrient intake. Implications of deficiencies in the intake of these nutrients are discussed on the basis of their effects on individual health.

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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECUKUPAN ENERGI DAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO DENGAN STATUS GIZI SISWI SMA DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-IZZAH KOTA BATU

Media Gizi Indonesia ◽

10.20473/mgi.v11i1.94-100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 94 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Faizzatur Rokhmah ◽

Lailatul Muniroh ◽

Triska Susila Nindya

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Boarding School ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Female Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Plate Waste ◽

Side Dish

Nutrient intake can be used as an indicator of students health status. Imbalance adequacy level of nutrients can cause nutritional problems, both malnutrition and overnutrition. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between adequacy level of energy and macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) with nutritional status of female students at Islamic Boarding School Al-Izzah high school in Batu City. This study was an observational with cross sectional study design. Fourty-fi ve female students were chosen as a sample of the study and it was obtained by simple random sampling. Data respondent characteristics, adequacy level of energy, and macronutrients (through plate waste and recall meassurement), and nutritional status were collected in this study. The data analysis used was Spearman rank. The result showed that most of the students had inadequate intake of energy and macronutrients, and their nutritional status were normal. There was a signifi cant correlation between the adequacy level of energy (p = 0.049, r = 0.296), protein (p = 0.028, r = 0.328), fat (p = 0.049, r = 0.296), and carbohydrate (p = 0.02, r = 0.345) with the nutritional status. The conclusion is respondent’s nutritional status is determined by the adequacy level of energy andmacronutrients intake. This study advised respondents to increase to the portions of meals, such as rice, side dish, and vegetables to achieve an adequate level of energy and macronutrients.Keywords: adequacy level of energy, adequacy level of macronutrients, the nutritional status

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Investigating Risk of Suboptimal Macro and Micronutrient Intake and Their Determinants in Older Danish Adults with Specific Focus on Protein Intake—A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11040795 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 795 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Simon Rønnow Schacht ◽

Mads Vendelbo Lind ◽

Rasmus Bechshøft ◽

Grith Højfeldt ◽

Søren Reitelseder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Micronutrient Intake ◽

Dietary Record

Suboptimal intake of nutrients is associated with adverse health outcomes. The current study investigated the risk of suboptimal macro and micronutrient intake and their potential determinants in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older Danish adults (65–81 years). Nutrient intake was obtained through a 3-day weighted dietary record and information on personal characteristics and attitudes towards specific foods and dietary habits and nutrition through questionnaires. Dietary Reference Values (DRV) from the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations were used for the assessment. Among 157 participants, 68% and 66% had risk of suboptimal intake of dietary fiber and saturated fatty acids (SFA). For mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the numbers were 47% and 62%, respectively. Increased risk of suboptimal protein intake was estimated in 3 to 45% of the participants, depending on the criteria used for the DRV and of the mode of expressing protein intake. Fifty percent had intakes of alcohol above the maximum recommended intake. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy was particularly high for vitamin D and thiamine (80 and 45%, respectively). Total energy intake and attitude regarding healthy eating were associated with lower nutrient intake. The current study illustrates that there is room for improvements in the dietary quality of community dwelling older Danish adults.

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Is lack of breakfast contributing to nutrient deficits and poor nutritional indicators among adolescent girls?

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/0260106017721074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 177-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Angeline Jeyakumar ◽

Padmini Ghugre

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Type I ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Micronutrient Intake ◽

Sample Test ◽

Z Scores ◽

The Mean

Background: Breakfast is considered the first and most important meal of the day. Missing the first meal may result in significant nutritional deficits, if not compensated in subsequent meals. Aim: To describe the nutrient intake through breakfast and to study its association with nutritional indicators among adolescent girls. Methods: A cross-sectional study among adolescent girls ( n = 565) 16–18 years was carried out in urban slums of Pune, Maharashtra, India. Haemoglobin was assessed by cyanmethemoglobin method. Nutritional status was assessed through anthropometry and three 24-hours diet recall. Z scores, independent sample test, and linear logistic regression were used to assess undernutrition, to compare means of nutrient intake and to associate nutrient intake with nutritional status, respectively. Results: Almost 50% did not consume solid food for breakfast and 99% of the participants consumed inadequate breakfast (<610 kcal). Two types of breakfast emerged: I (bakery products + beverage) and II (traditional breakfast + beverage). Although the mean energy intake of type II breakfast (235±100.55 kcal) and the mean micronutrient intake was significantly higher than type I (micronutrients: vitamin C and folate ( p = 0.001), iron ( p = 0.01)) it did not meet the adequacy norms for breakfast. Among nutritional indicators breakfast intake was not directly associated with body mass index. However, mean intake of nutrients such as energy, protein and iron through the day were significantly lesser ( p = 0.001, p = 0.01 and p = 0.01 respectively) among anaemic adolescents. Linear regression showed significant association between energy, fat intake and BAZ scores. Conclusions: Compensating dietary deficits that arise in the first meal would directly address the day’s nutrient deficit. The results highlight the need for a food-based approach to address undernutrition among adolescent girls in resource-poor settings.

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A Cross-sectional Study of Nutritional Status, Diet, and Dietary Restrictions Among Persons With an Ileostomy or Colostomy

Wound Management & Prevention ◽

10.25270/owm.2018.5.1829 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 18-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ana Livia de Olieira ◽

Ana Paula Boroni Moreira ◽

Michele Pereira Netto ◽

Isabel Cristina Goncalves Leite

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Restrictions

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USE OF AGE INDEPENDENT ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES FOR COMPARING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN IN RURAL ICDS AND NON-ICDS VILLAGES: COMMUNITY BASED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

National Journal of Research in Community Medicine ◽

10.26727/njrcm.2018.7.2.80-83 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Prateek Kumarpanda ◽

Kalpana Panda ◽

Pramod Kumar Panda ◽

Nirnajan Nagaraj

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

Age Independent

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Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi56.6.2016.325-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 325

Author(s):

Surya Jayanti Kadek ◽

Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽

Karyana Putu Gede

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Milk Formula ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Study Population

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age. Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants > six months of age.

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Nutritional status of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients attending Kasr Alainy MS unit: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association ◽

10.1186/s42506-021-00080-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zeinab E. Afifi ◽

Rania I. Shehata ◽

Asmaa F. El Sayed ◽

El Sayed M. Hammad ◽

Marwa R. Salem

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Care Service ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Measurement ◽

Impact Scale

Abstract Background Nutrition was claimed to be a factor in MS causation, course, complications, and management. Several studies were conducted to assess the nutritional status of MS patients; however, few studies were conducted to assess this problem in Egypt. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to assess the nutritional status of a sample of MS patients. Methods The researchers conducted an exploratory cross-sectional study among 76 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients attending Kasr Alainy Multiple Sclerosis Unit (KAMSU) from October 2018 to January 2019 to assess the nutritional status of a sample of MS patients. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire including an inquiry about the socioeconomic status, and nutritional status using anthropometric measurements, patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA), semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (SQFFQ), and hemoglobin level measurement. Assessment of fatigue was done using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale 5-items version. Results The mean age of the study participants was 30 ± 6 years. The disease duration ranged from 2 to 264 months. Malnutrition was prevalent among 67.1% (27.6 % overweight, 36.8% obese, and 2.6% underweight). Half of the investigated patients were anemic. According to the PG-SGA, more than half of the studied patients (53.9%) were classified as moderately or suspected malnourished. The unhealthy dietary habits such as taking only a few meals, junk food intake and skipping breakfast were observed in considerable proportions of the group. The SQFFQ revealed overconsumption of energy and fat, and less than acceptable consumption of dietary fibers by most of the studied patients. Conclusions Overweight, obesity, anemia, and unhealthy dietary habits were prevalent among the RRMS patients attending the KAMSU. Nutrition care service is extremely needed for this group of patients.

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Study of epidemiological determinants of undernutrition among adolescent girls in urban slums of Berhampur, Odisha: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Sambedana Mohanty ◽

Manasee Panda

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Folic Acid Supplementation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urban Slums ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Structured Questionnaire

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent girls are vulnerable to many problems, undernutrition being the most common. This results in growth restriction resulting in stunting, wasting, underweight and last but not the least iron-deficiency anaemia. Nutritional needs are high during puberty which later leads to complications during pregnancy and its outcomes.Materials and methodsA field based cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the nutritional status of the girls and to determine the various factors responsible for undernutrition. After clearance from the Institution Ethical Committee (IEC) and permission from Child Development Programme Officer (CDPO), the study was conducted in the anganwadi centres (AWC) of urban slums in the field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine from the 1st October 2014 to the 31st October 2016. All the adolescent girls enlisted in the seven anganwadi centres were included as study subjects with their consent. A pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on following sections. (a) socio-demographic profile and (b) nutritional status. Dietary intake was taken using the 24-h recall method. Anthropometry was measured and haemoglobin (Hb) was estimated. SPSS version 21 was used for descriptive and analytic statistics.ResultsAmong the 160 girls 98(61.3%), 69(43.1%), 53(33.1%) were underweight, stunted and wasted, respectively. Anaemia was present among 144(90%) of the girls.ConclusionStrict monitoring of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS) as well as nutrition education are essential measures to solve the problem of undernutrition among adolescent girls.

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Revisiting Konzo Risk Factors in Three Areas Differently Affected by Spastic Paraparesis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Discloses a Prominent Role of the Nutritional Status—A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082628 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2628

Author(s):

Marius Baguma ◽

Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽

Esto Bahizire ◽

Germain Zabaday Mudumbi ◽

Dieudonné Bahati Shamamba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Democratic Republic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cyanide Poisoning ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Republic Of The Congo

This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to better understand the respective contributions of protein malnutrition and cassava-derived cyanide poisoning in the development of konzo. We compared data on nutritional status and cyanide exposure of school-age adolescent konzo-diseased patients to those of non-konzo subjects of similar age from three areas in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results show that konzo patients had a high prevalence of both wasting (54.5%) and stunting (72.7%), as well as of cyanide poisoning (81.8%). Controls from Burhinyi and those from Idjwi showed a similar profile with a low prevalence of wasting (3.3% and 6.5%, respectively) and intermediate prevalence of stunting (26.7% and 23.9%, respectively). They both had a high prevalence of cyanide poisoning (50.0% and 63.0%, respectively), similar to konzo-patients. On the other hand, controls from Bukavu showed the lowest prevalence of both risk factors, namely chronic malnutrition (12.1%) and cyanide poisoning (27.6%). In conclusion, cassava-derived cyanide poisoning does not necessarily coexist with konzo outbreaks. The only factor differentiating konzo patients from healthy individuals exposed to cyanide poisoning appeared to be their worse nutritional status. This further suggests that, besides the known role of cyanide poisoning in the pathogenesis of konzo, malnutrition may be a key factor for the disease occurrence.

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