scholarly journals Consumer’s demand for Disinfectants and Protective Gear from COVID-19 infection in Al-Hofuf, Saudi

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1618-1624
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Mahish ◽  
Noura AlDossari ◽  
Amal Almarri
Keyword(s):  
Demand System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Protective Gear ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Complementary Product ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Introduction: The paper aims to estimate consumers’ demand for personal protecting products (PPP) from COVID-19. Thus, the paper collected primary data on consumers’ demand for PPP utilizing the timeframe of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: The paper uses two sample t-test and Anova test to examine mean differences in the quantity consumed of PPP. Also, the paper uses Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) to estimate the responsiveness of quantity demanded of PPP for changes in prices and consumers’ income. Results: The results show that there is a significant difference in the mean of quantity demanded of facemasks among men and women. Also, the results show that there is a significant difference in the mean of quantity demand for facemasks, gloves, and hand sanitizer based on respondents’ level of education. In addition, the paper analyzed the effect of price and income changes on quantity demanded of PPP. The findings indicate that the quantity demanded of facemask and gloves are sensitive to changes in consumers’ income. Also, soap, hand sanitizer, and gloves were recognized as complementary products. Furthermore, facemasks were identified as a complementary product with glove use. Lastly, the own-price elasticities of demand revealed that the demand for PPP is price insensitive. Conclusions: the paper recommends that the consumer protection unit closely monitor the prices of PPP since the sellers have an opportunity to increase those products prices and maximize their revenue by exploiting the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rice tablet (Aluminum Phosphide) poisoning

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5041
Author(s):  
Farkhondeh Jamshidi ◽  
Ahmad Ghorbani ◽  
Sina Darvishi*
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Aluminum Phosphide ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning ◽  
Commit Suicide

The abuse of some pesticides especially to suicide is one of the current problems of pesticides. Aluminum phosphide induced poisoning usually happens to suicide and sometimes it is due to accidental occupational exposure and in a few cases it has some criminal intensions. This study is conducted to evaluate patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide. In the present study the medical records of cases of poisoning with rice tablets (aluminum phosphide) hospitalized in Ahvaz Razi hospital is studied. Accordingly, a checklist is prepared that included demographic information of patients (age, gender) and information on patient records (information on poisoning) are completed using the patients’ medical records. The analysis of data is done by SPSS V22. 18 patients poisoned with rice tablet (aluminum phosphide) are studied. Results of the study show that 11 patients are male and seven are female. The mean patient age is 27.06 ±8.04 years that is 28 ±9 and 25 ±6.02 in men and women respectively. Statistical tests show no statistically significant difference in mean age in both genders (P> 0.05). Among patients, 11 subjects took aluminum phosphide to attempt suicide and 3 cases took it unintentionally and of course the reason is not mentioned in four cases. Among the patients who tried to commit suicide by taking aluminum phosphide, 6 cases are male and 5 cases are female that no statistically significant difference is observed between the genders in this respect (P> 0.05). In addition to the study of the complications caused by this poisoning and its mortality, it is recommended to responsible authorities to provide the necessary educations and treatments to prevent this type of poisoning.

Physiological and biophysical limits to work in the heat for clothed men and women

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kamon ◽  
B. Avellini ◽  
J. Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer ◽  
The One

Heat-acclimated, lightly clothed men and women (four of each) walked on a treadmill at 25% and 43% VO2 max, respectively, (M =194 W.m-2), under seven air temperatures (Ta) ranging from 36 to 52 degrees C. Each experiment involved 1 h of fixed and a 2nd h of progressively increasing ambient vapor pressure (Pa). The relative steady state of rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature (Tsk), and heart rate (HR) reached in the 1st h were forced upward during the 2nd h by the rising Pa. The critical air vapor pressure (Pcrit) was identified by the Tre point of inflection for each Ta. One man did not fully reach steady state, but inflection could be determined for his physiological responses. The mean values of all points of inflection were calculated for Tre, Tsk, and HR. Significant sex difference in HR was found only by excluding the results of the one man. Tre and Tsk showed no significant difference between men and women. The coefficient for evaporative heat transfer (he), which could be derived using the Pcrit for the low Ta range, was 14.5 +/- 2.2 W.m-1 Torr-1.

Abstract 17292: Does Morbid Obesity Worsens Outcomes in COVID-19?

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohaib Roomi ◽  
Waqas Ullah ◽  
Nayab Nadeem ◽  
Rehan Saeed ◽  
Donald Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Introduction: Given the high prevalence of obesity around the globe, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at an increased risk of devastating complications. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that morbid obesity is independently associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, upgrade to intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation(IVM), and acute renal failure necessitating dialysis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the association of basal metabolic index (BMI) with the above-mentioned outcomes. Independent t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to calculate mean differences and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. Results: A total of 176 patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included. The mean age was 62.2 years, with 51% of male patients. The mean BMI for non-surviving patients was significantly higher compared to patients surviving on the 7th day of hospitalization (35 vs. 30 kg/m2, p=0.022) and patients with a higher BMI had higher in-hospital mortality (21% vs. 9%, OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-8.2, p=0.01) compared to patients with a normal BMI. Similarly, patients requiring IMV had a higher BMI (33 vs. 29, p=0.002) compared to non-intubated patients. aOR of patients needing IMV (56% vs. 28%, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6-7.0, p=0.002) and upgrade to ICU (46% vs. 28%, OR 2.2, 1.07-4.6, p=0.04) were significantly higher compared to patients with a lower BMI. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the need for dialysis (5% vs. 13%, OR 3.8, 13% vs. 4%, 1.1-14.1, p=0.07). Adjusted odds ratios controlled for baseline comorbidities and medications mirrored the overall results, except for the need to upgrade to ICU. Conclusions: In patients with confirmed COVID-19, morbid obesity serves as an independent risk factor of high in-hospital mortality and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation.

Effects of bathing, passive range-of-motion exercises, and turning on oxygen consumption in healthy men and women

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Verderber ◽  
KJ Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oxygen Requirements ◽  
Back Care

BACKGROUND: Baseline data are needed to provide a foundation for future studies investigating the effects of various nursing interventions on the oxygen requirements of critically ill patients. OBJECTIVES: To establish reference values for the oxygen requirements of adults in response to three common patient events: a nurse-administered bed bath, passive range-of-motion exercises, and turning from side to side; and to determine whether the order in which the interventions were administered had an effect on oxygen consumption. METHODS: A convenience sample of 30 healthy men and women were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, for which the order in which interventions were to be administered had previously been designated. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the mean oxygen consumption among activities, as well as between men and women, with men having a significantly higher mean oxygen consumption than that of the women. For both men and women, the mean oxygen consumption during unassisted turning and back care was significantly higher than at baseline. The oxygen consumption for men averaged 4.25 mL/kg per minute, SD = .71 at baseline, 5.08 mL/kg per minute, SD = .98 for turning, and 4.72 mL/kg per minute, SD = .90 during back care. Women averaged 3.74 mL/kg per minute, SD = .49 at baseline, 4.48 mL/kg per minute, SD = .85 for turning, and 3.89 mL/kg per minute, SD = 1.15 during back care. Changes in oxygen consumption for other interventions were nonsignificant and negligible. Oxygen consumption returned to near baseline within 15 minutes of cessation of activity. The order in which interventions were administered did not have a significant effect on oxygen consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The anterior bath and passive range of motion exercises have minimal effect on oxygen consumption. Turning and back care significantly increase oxygen consumption from the baseline value. The order in which interventions are administered does not have any appreciable effect on oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals The Effect of Demographic Factors on Consumer Purchase Intention in Buying Television Set in Kathmandu Valley: An Empirical Study

Pravaha ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Bharat Rai
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
T Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of the research is to identify the impact of demographic factors on purchase intention. The study examine whether there is any significant differences on consumers’ purchase intention of television across gender, age groups and education level. Primary data has been used in the study. The structured questionnaire has been used for collection of primary data. Convenient sampling technique has been used to collect information from the respondents and 394respondents have been taken from customers buying Television in Kathmandu. The sampling location for the research has been allocated in show room, colleges and houses in Kathmandu. Age, gender and level of education have been taken as independent variables and purchase intention has been taken as dependent variable. Percentage has been used to analyze the purchase intention of respondents; independent sample t-test and ANOVA Test have been used to analyze the collected data and to draw valid conclusions by using SPSS. The result of independent sample t-test showed that there is no significant difference on purchase intention between male and female in buying television in Nepalese market. The result of ANOVA Test showed that there is no significant difference on purchase intention among different age groups. But the result of ANOVA Test showed that there is significant difference on purchase intention among different level of education.

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in Laryngeal Volumetric Measurements Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Latif Hamdan ◽  
Elie Khalifee ◽  
Georges Ziade ◽  
Sahar Semaan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Volumetric Measurements

The objective of this study is to investigate the dimensional and volumetric measurements in the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle in men and women using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hypothesis is that there is a gender-related difference in these measurements. A retrospective chart review of 76 patients who underwent MRI of the neck at the American University of Beirut Medical Center was conducted. The dimension and volume of the right and left TA muscle were measured on axial and coronal planes short tau inversion recovery images. Male and female groups were compared with respect to demographic data and MRI findings using parametric and nonparametric tests. The mean length of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 2.44 [0.29] cm vs females 1.70 [0.22] cm) and on the left (males 2.50 [0.28] cm vs females 1.72 [0.24] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean width of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.68 [0.13] cm vs females 0.59 [0.11] cm) and on the left (males 0.68 [0.12] cm vs females 0.57 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean height of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) and on the left (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .01 on the right and P < .05 on the left). The volume of the thyroarytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.86 [0.25] mL vs females 0.48 [0.15] mL) and on the left (males 0.89 [0.27] mL vs females 0.48 [0.17] mL) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The results of this investigation clearly indicate a significant difference in these measurements between men and women.

Constructing the Self-Ideal: A Note on Spence and Helmreich's Personality Attributes Questionnaire

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 993-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Rechtien
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

On the first and last days of the semester, 28 literature students (8 men, 20 women) rated themselves according to Spence and Helmreich's 1978 Personality Attributes Questionnaire. As expected, no significant differences between men and women appeared in comparisons of the scores of the dualistic Instrumental (Masculine or M) and Expressive (Feminine or F) traits from the first and second administrations. However, the combined scores of men and women for the bipolar M-F traits showed a significant difference between their initial responses and their second responses to the M-F traits. Further, men had significantly higher mean scores than did women for the first and second administrations. The mean scores on the second administration suggest that men had reinforced their initial stereotypical self-image of themselves, while women had appropriated manifestations of dominance in their self-ideal.

scholarly journals Type 2 Myocardial Infarction in Acute Medical Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 021-024
Author(s):  
K. Sateesh ◽  
Stitha Pragna ◽  
Y Raju
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acute Medical Care

AbstractBackground: Type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as MI secondary to ischemia due to either increased oxygen demand or decreased supply. It is seen in conditions other than coronary artery disease (CAD) contributes to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and/or demand. Little is known about patient characteristics and clinical outcomes.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in patients who were admitted in acute medical care with symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia and enzymatic elevation from January 2015 to December 2015. Patients with slight elevation (above the upper limit of normal) of CK-MB were included in the study and compared the clinical and laboratory profile between men and women.Results: This survey includes a total of 54 patients, Out of which complete details were available in 41 patients (M:23; F:18). The mean age was 42.61. The common causes of type-II MI were Infectious (M:9 (39.1%), F:10 (55.6%) followed by haematological disorders (M:3 (13%), F:5 (27.7%). The mean CK-MB was 28.00. The mean CPK was 122.5. There was no hypotension, renal failure at the time of admission. One patient had in-hospital mortality out of all patients, whose primary diagnosis was septicaemia with shock who had normal CPK, elevated CK-MB and elevated NT pro BNP levels. Patients with type-II MI were not referred for coronary interventions and managed conservatively.Conclusions: There is no significant difference in the risk for type 2 MI between men and women. Clinical suspicion and diagnosis of type 2 MI is crucial in acute medical care setting, as the mortality can be reduced with adequate management of underlying condition. The threshold of biomarker levels should be low (above the upper limit of normal in symptomatic ischemia) to label type 2 MI contrary to the third universal definition of MI.

The influence of education and income on responses to the QuickDASH questionnaire

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Finsen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Mean

We studied the influence of levels of income and education on QuickDASH scores. The scores were collected in a random sample of 1376 residents of Norway. The level of income was divided into four bands and level of education into five bands. The mean QuickDASH score for both men and women fell with every increase in education and income level. For women the mean score was 30 for those with the shortest education and 9 for those with the longest ( p < 0.001). The corresponding figures for men were 19 and 7 ( p < 0.01). The women with the lowest level of income had a mean score of 23, compared with 8 for women with the highest income level ( p < 0.001). For men the corresponding mean scores were 20 and 5 ( p < 0.001). Analysis of variance showed that age alone accounted for 16% of the variability of the scores among women and 7% among men. When levels of education and income were added to the analysis, these three factors accounted for 21% of the variability among women and 13% among men. We conclude that socioeconomic factors significantly influence QuickDASH scores. Level of evidence: 3

Risk-Taking Patterns of Male and Female Entrepreneurs in Roodepoort

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay K. Garg ◽  
A. Duvenhage
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Performance Perceptions

This study analyses the risk-taking propensity of male and female entrepreneurs. Primary data were collected from a sample of 400 randomly selected from among the small and medium scale entrepreneurs in Roodepoort and two structured questionnaires were used. The results showed the existence of differences among male and female entrepreneurs’ risk-taking perceptions. However, no significant differences in the mean scores between males and females in the financial and social domains of risk taking perception were found. The results further indicate that there is a significant difference in the means of the entrepreneurs with regard to their overall risk-taking perception in the ethical domain of risk-taking perception, health and safety risk-taking perception, recreational risk-taking perception as well as their business performance perceptions. The study also suggests that there is no correlation between business performance and risk-taking in entrepreneurs. The study highlights that there is no evidence to suggest that risk-taking in different genders plays a role as an indicator in business performance.

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