scholarly journals Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Candida bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Jordan

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mera Ababneh ◽  
Ola Ali Abu-Bdair ◽  
Nizar Mhaidat ◽  
Basima Abdalla Almomani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Introduction: Candida species are important causes of bloodstream infections, accounting for significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted in an academic tertiary hospital of Jordan. The medical records of patients hospitalized over a ten-year period. were reviewed and patients with candidemia were identified. Data analysis included the infecting Candida species, resistance to antifungals, and risk factors associated with mortality. Results: A total of 158 cases of candidemia were identified, with an overall incidence rate of 0.48 episodes/1,000 admissions. The proportion of candidemia caused by Candida albicans (44.3%) was higher than that of candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida species (42.4%). Exposure to antibiotic therapy before hospitalization was the only independent factor associated with non-albicans Candida infection (OR 2.454; p = 0.033). The overall crude 30-day mortality was 38.7%. Central venous catheterization (OR 0.255; p = 0.026), mechanical ventilation (OR 0.162; p = 0.003), severe sepsis and septic shock (OR = 0.073; p = 0.008), admission to intensive care unit (OR 0.78; p = 0.001), C. albicans (OR 0.235; p = 0.018), length of stay (OR 1.057; p = 0.001), number of comorbidities (OR 0.580; p = 0.008) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. Conclusion: This study identified several risk factors associated with blood stream infections caused by Candida over 10-years period. Continuous surveillance programs to monitor such types of infection are of great value to antimicrobial stewardship programs.

Risk Factors Associated with Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Clinical and Molecular Analysis

Chemotherapy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissy Muro ◽  
Elvira Garza-González ◽  
Adrian Camacho-Ortiz ◽  
Gloria María González ◽  
Jorge Martín Llaca-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Extended Spectrum

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Candida blood stream infections: experience of a tertiary care centre in North India

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (09) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagdish Chander ◽  
Nidhi Singla ◽  
Shailpreet Kaur Sidhu ◽  
Satinder Gombar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
North India ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Candida Spp

Introduction: Bloodstream infections due to Candida species are becoming a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The spectrum of candidemia has changed with the emergence of non-albicans Candida species, especially among critically ill patients. Methodology: In a retrospective study (July 2009 to December 2009) on candidemia, various Candida species isolated from blood cultures were characterized and studied along with the determination of their antifungal susceptibility to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole by Etest. Probable risk factors for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) presenting with candidemia were also analyzed. Results: During the study period, a total of 4651 samples were received, out of which 468 samples (10.06%) were positive for growth of organisms: 441 (94.20%) aerobic bacterial pathogens and 27 (5.79%) Candida species. The most common Candida spp. isolate was C. tropicalis (40.8%) followed by C. albicans (29.6%), C. glabrata (18.5%) and others (11.1%). Out of the 27 Candida strains, 24 (88.9%) were isolated from patients treated in the ICU. Among these, association of previous use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in 22 patients (91.6%) and central line catheter insertion in 20 patients (83.3%) were found to be statistically significant as compared to non-candidemia patients (p <0.05). Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates revealed a lower level of drug resistance to amphotericin B (18.5% of the isolates) versus 77.8% resistance to fluconazole. Conclusion: Rapid changes in the rate of infection, potential risk factors, and emergence of non-albicans Candida demand continued surveillance of this serious bloodstream fungal infection.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

scholarly journals Species identification of Candida isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lsmet Nigar ◽  
Shirin Tarafder ◽  
Rehana Razzak Khan ◽  
S. M. Ali Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Abu Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Clinical Specimens

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Candida species are responsible for various clinical manifestations from mucocutaneous overgrowth to blood stream infections especially in immunocompromized situations. Although C. albicans is the most prevalent species, high incidence of non-albicans Candida species with antifungal resistance are emerging which is posing a serious threat to the patients care.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> This study aimed to isolate and identify different species of Candida from different clinical specimens. Methods: A total of 100 different clinical specimens were studied of which 35 were oral swab, 28 were high vaginal swab, 15 were urine, 14 were nail, 04 were bronchoalveolar lavage and peritoneal fluid were 04. Among 100 clinical specimens, Candida isolates were identified in 64 specimens. Isolation of Candida species was done by primary culture in SDA. Subsequent identification of species were performed by germ tube test, subculture in chromo­genic agar medium and carbohydrate assimilation test with commonly used twelve sugars.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 64 isolated Candida species, Candida albicans were 51.56% and the non-albicans Candida species were 48.44%. The most prevalent Candida species was C. albicans 33 (51.53%) followed by C. tropicalis 17 (26.56%). C. glabrata 4 (6.25%), C. parapsilo­sis 4 (6.25%), C. krusei 3 (4.68%) and C. guilliermondii 2 (3.2%). One of the isolated Candida species was unidentified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Though Candida albicans was found as the most common species, but non-albicans Candida species are appearing as emerging pathogens as well. Exposure to chemotherapy appeared to be the commonest predisposing factor for Candida infection followed by indwelling urinary catheter in situ for prolong period.</p>

scholarly journals Incidence, Etiology and Risk Factors Associated with Mortality of Nosocomial Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Erdem ◽  
Naz Oguzoglu ◽  
Derya Ozturk Engin ◽  
Asu Ozgultekin ◽  
Asuma Sengoz Inan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

scholarly journals Acute Febrile Encephalopathy in Children: A Prospective Study of Clinical Features, Etiology, Mortality, and Risk Factors from Western India

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirti Gupta ◽  
Charul S. Purani ◽  
Anirban Mandal ◽  
Amitabh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Western India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute febrile encephalopathy (AFE) in children is a medical emergency and could be a manifestation of many systemic and central nervous system pathologies. The clinical features of AFE are nonspecific and etiological spectrum variable depending on the studied population. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out including children aged between 1 month and 12 years with AFE admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital in Western India. The primary objective was to assess the clinical presentation and etiology of AFE while the secondary objectives were to correlate the clinical and etiological findings and to determine the risk factors associated with mortality. Results: Out of the ninety children with AFE included in this study, male:female ratio was 1.2:1; most of them were aged between 1 and 5 years and came with a history of <7 days (82.2%). All of them had altered sensorium, about 2/3rd had seizures and 47.8% having a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) <8. Etiology remained elusive in about 40% of the cases, and viral infections were the most common among the ones with an identifiable cause. A variety of morbidity (shock, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, respiratory failure, etc.) and high mortality (40%) was observed with risk factors associated with mortality being GCS <8, the presence of raised intracranial pressure, shock, and respiratory failure. Conclusion: AFE, though a rare diagnosis in children, is associated with significant morbidity and high mortality in a developing country like India.

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