scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in Guilan province, northern Iran: comparison between MAT and IgM-ELISA techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Afshin Araghian ◽  
Ali Elmi ◽  
Mojtaba Farahbakhsh ◽  
Simin Hosseini ◽  
Sobhan Faezi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Guilan Province

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease which is endemic in Guilan province, Iran. Besides economic losses in the dairy industry, leptospirosis is also considered an important public health problem. This study aimed to evaluate two serological techniques, MAT and IgM-ELISA for detection of leptospiral antibodies. Methodology: A total of 185 samples were collected from individuals in Guilan province suspected of having leptospirosis from April 2016 to December 2016. Sera from participants were analyzed for Leptospira IgM antibodies using an available ELISA test and the MAT method. The specificity and sensitivity of the tests were calculated and compared. Results: Of the 185 serum samples examined 114 (61.6%) and 94 (50.8%) samples were determined to be positive by MAT and IgM-ELISA, respectively. The results also showed that 17.5% of the sera that reacted positive in MAT were negative by IgM-ELISA, and 20.2% of IgM-ELISA positive sera were negative by MAT. We also showed that the MAT had specificity and sensitivity of 100%, when compared to leptospirosis-positive and negative serum samples. The specificity and sensitivity of IgM-ELISA was calculated as 78.8% and 82.4% respectively when compared with MAT. Bivariate analysis showed high correlation between the season, community of residence, possible reasons of pollution and leptospirosis (

scholarly journals Serological Study of Fascioliasis Using Indirect ELISA in Gorgan City, Golestan Province, Northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar BAHRAM ◽  
Mitra SHARBATKHORI ◽  
Farideh TOHIDI ◽  
Reza GHASEMIKHAH
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
The People ◽  
Human Fascioliasis ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Golestan Province

Background: Fascioliasis is a neglected zoonotic disease, caused by Fasciola species in human and livestock. We aimed to detect the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis Gorgan City, Golestan Province, northern Iran using ELISA method in 2017. Methods: Overall, 612 serum samples were analyzed. A relevant questionnaire for demographic data was obtained for all cases. An indirect ELISA test was used to detect IgG antibodies against Fasciola in the sera. The data analysis was performed employing SPSS program version 21. Results: Eleven cases (1.79%) were seropositive for fascioliasis. The seroprevalence of fascioliasis was 1.9% and 1.1% among males and females, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between the fascioliasis and analyzed variables such as sex, age, residence, job, education, etc. Conclusion: This study was conducted only on the people referring to the Reference Laboratory of Gorgan. It cannot be distributed to the whole city. Thus, due to importance of the disease, finding the seroprevalence of fascioliasis in a comprehensive survey in Golestan Province should be accounted in further studies.

scholarly journals Investigation the levels of endotoxin and 8-OHdG in sera of patients with H.pyloripositive peptic ulcer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihayet Bayraktar ◽  
İslim Guler ◽  
Ismail Koyuncu ◽  
Mehmet Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
H Pylori

Background and aim: Peptic ulcer is considered an important public health problem and generally associated with complicated conditions such as bleeding and perforation. The aim of this study is to reflect the rate of oxidative damage in the body among patients with H. pylori positive peptic ulcer by measuring serum 8-hydroxy-2p-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and its association with the level of bacterial endotoxin. Methods Patients applied to Harran University Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic with dyspeptic complaints were enrolled in this study. According to gastrointestinal endoscopy findings, 43 patients with H.pylori positive peptiv ulcer patients and 43 healthy volunteers were included in this study. H.pylori diagnosis was detemined by H.pylori urea breath and stool antigen tests. Serum 8-OHdG and endotoxins were measued by ELISA. Results A total of 43 patients with peptic ulcer (13 females 30 males), 43 healthy individuals (16 females 27 males) ages (18- 70) years in the study. In biopsies taken endoscopically; Hp severity was mild in 19 patients (43.9%), moderate in 21 patients (48.5%), and severe in 3 patients (7.6%). 8-OHdG which has the potential to mark DNA damage level in serum samples of patients with H.pylori positive peptic ulcer, was compared with the healthy and patient group. It was observed that there was a statistically significant difference (p <0.01). In addition, a weak correlation was found between OHdG and endotoxin. Conclusion: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced due to increased endotoxin as a result of H. pylıori infection can attack nucleic acid in infected cells resulting in an increased in serum 8-OHdG level. H.pylori and its endotoxin had a significant in peptic ulcer pathogensis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of rubella antibodies in a non-immunized urban population, São Paulo, Brazil

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanda A.U.F. Souza ◽  
José Cassio Moraes ◽  
Laura M Sumita ◽  
Maria Claudia C. Camargo ◽  
Maria Cristina D.S. Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Rubella Infection ◽  
Cord Serum ◽  
Mass Vaccination Campaign

The prevalence of rubella antibodies was evaluated through a ramdom Seroepidemiological survey in 1400 blood samples of 2-14 year old children and in 329 samples of umbilical cord serum. Rubella IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the sera were collected in 1987, five years before the mass vaccination campaign with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine carried out in the city of São Paulo in 1992. A significant increase in prevalence of rubella infection was observed after 6 years of age, and 77% of the individuals aged from 15 to 19 years had detectable rubella antibodies. However, the seroprevalence rose to 90.5% (171/189) in cord serum samples from children whose mothers were 20 to 29 years old, and reached 95.6% in newborns of mothers who were 30 to 34 years old, indicating that a large number of women are infected during childbearing years. This study confirms that rubella infection represents an important Public Health problem in São Paulo city. The data on the seroprevalence of rubella antibodies before the mass vaccination campaign reflects the baseline immunological status of this population before any intervention and should be used to design an adequate vaccination strategy and to assess the Seroepidemiological impact of this intervention.

scholarly journals Economic losses due to the occurrence of cysticercosis in cattle from cities located in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Nunes Pacheco Rezende ◽  
Raquel Satomi Komatsu ◽  
Renata Barbosa Andrade ◽  
Serly Lourenço Borges Reis ◽  
Claudesina Rodrigues Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Bovine Cysticercosis ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Inspection Service

ABSTRACT: Cysticercosis represents an important public health problem that can cause significant economic losses to the beef industry. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of cysticercosis in cattle and estimate the economic losses to producers associated with this parasitic disease. Data were collected from the official sanitary inspection service of a slaughterhouse located in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, southeast Brazil, from 2009 to 2016. A total of 358,383 cattle from 46 cities in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were slaughtered, of which 4,243 were infected with cysticercosis (1.18%). A total of 5,194 cysticerci were detected in these carcasses, of which 4,548 (87.56%) were alive and 646 (12.44%) were calcified. Most of the cysticerci were located in the masseter and pterygoid masticatory muscles (72.41%). As to the classification of cysticercosis according to the degree of infection of organs and/or parts affected, mild infection was the most frequently observed (92.36%). Rural producers had a total of R$ 1,755,204.20 (US$ 537,526.80) of economic losses due to bovine cysticercosis during the time span of eight years covered by this retrospective study. The importance of the sanitary inspection of meat in the control of this major zoonotic diseases is emphasized.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Virus Infections among Patients with Acute Febrile Jaundice in Burkina Faso

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Chloé Dimeglio ◽  
Dramane Kania ◽  
Judith Mbombi Mantono ◽  
Thérèse Kagoné ◽  
Sylvie Zida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Hepatitis E virus infection is a significant public health problem in many parts of the world including Africa. We tested serum samples from 900 patients in Burkina Faso presenting with febrile icterus. They all tested negative for yellow fever, but those from 23/900 (2.6%) patients contained markers of acute HEV infection (anti-HEV IgM and HEV RNA positive). Genotyping indicated that 14 of the strains were HEV genotype 2b. There was an overall HEV IgG seroprevalence of 18.2% (164/900). In a bivariate analysis, the factors linked to HEV exposure were climate and patient age. Older patients and those living in arid regions were more likely to have HEV infection. HEV genotype 2b circulating only in humans can be involved in some acute febrile icterus cases in Burkina Faso. Better access to safe water, sanitation, and improved personal hygiene should improve control of HEV infection in this country.

scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Study of Dengue Viruses in Different Hospitals of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Gupta ◽  
Y Shah ◽  
A Poudel ◽  
R Pun ◽  
KP Pant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Occupation Group ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Acute Patients

Background: Dengue Virus (DV) is an emerging mosquito borne viral disease and important public health problem in low land of Terai region which is also expanding to hilly region. Methods: This study was designed to estimate sero-prevalence of dengue virus infection in the post monsoon period (Jun-Dec) of 2010 in Nepalese patients with fever visiting hospitals of Birganj, Damouli, Biratnagar and Dhading Besi. Serum samples were collected from 280 patients visiting hospitals with history of fever & clinically suspected dengue fever. The sero-prevalence of dengue virus specific IgM was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (SD, Korea) Results: The anti-dengue IgM positivity was found to be 8.2%. The positive dengue cases were higher in male (10.5%) as compared to female (6.5%). Among different age groups, the highest positive cases (11.5 %) were from age group below 15 years followed by above 50 years age group with 8.5%. Out of 4 hospitals, the highest positive cases were in Tanahu District Hospital, Damouli (23.8%) followed by Koshi Zonal Hospital, Biratnagar (12.5%). Age and gender were found to be independent predictors. The highest numbers of dengue positive cases were in occupation group business (13.3%) followed by agriculture (11.5%). Conclusion: The dengue positivity was estimated in acute patients from different hospitals of Nepal by enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Therefore, the serological marker can be used to diagnose the acute patients of dengue during outbreaks. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 01 | Jan-Jun 2013 | Page 20-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i1.7646

scholarly journals A New Methodology for Evaluation of Nematode Viability

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Rodrigo Ferreira ◽  
Tiago Antônio Oliveira Mendes ◽  
Lilian Lacerda Bueno ◽  
Jackson Victor de Araújo ◽  
Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Fluorescent Markers ◽  
High Prevalence

Nematodes infections are responsible for debilitating conditions and economic losses in domestic animals as well as livestock and are considered an important public health problem due to the high prevalence in humans. The nematode resistance for drugs has been reported for livestock, highlighting the importance for development of new anthelmintic compounds. The aim of the current study was to apply and compare fluorimetric techniques using Sytox and propidium iodide for evaluating the viability ofC. eleganslarvae after treatment with anthelmintic drugs. These fluorescent markers were efficient to stain larvae treated with ivermectin and albendazole sulfoxide. We observed that densitometric values were proportional to the concentration of dead larvae stained with both markers. Furthermore, data on motility test presented an inverse correlation with fluorimetric data when ivermectin was used. Our results showed that lower concentrations of drugs were effective to interfere in the processes of cellular transport while higher drugs concentrations were necessary in order to result in any damage to cell integrity. The methodology described in this work might be useful for studies that aim to evaluate the viability of nematodes, particularly for testing of new anthelminthic compounds using an easy, economic, reproducible, and no time-consuming technique.

scholarly journals Serovar prevalence of Leptospira in semirural India and the development of an IgM-based indirect ELISA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Chandy ◽  
Lokeshwaran Kirubanandhan ◽  
Priya Hemavathy ◽  
Anees Mohammad Khadeeja ◽  
Siby Jacob Kurian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Leptospira Serovars

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a major public health problem in India. However, it has been underreported and under-diagnosed due to a lack of awareness of the disease, a functional surveillance system, and appropriate laboratory diagnostic facilities. Methodology: This multicenter study aimed to understand the Leptospira serovars causing leptospirosis in seven secondary-level hospitals in six states in India. Since early and accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis is one of the challenges faced by clinicians in India due to the poor specificity and sensitivity of commercially available diagnostic systems, an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. Genomic DNA from L. interrogans serovar Canicola was used for polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, and expression of the lipL32 gene in E. coli to amplify, clone, and express the lipL32 gene. Results: Australis was the common serovar seen at all the study centers. Serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae was seen in samples from Tamil Nadu and Assam. In-house ELISA was standardized using the purified recombinant LipL32 polypeptide and was used to evaluate serum. Subsequently, acute serum samples from leptospirosis patients (n = 60) were screened. Compared to the gold standard, the microscopic agglutination test, sensitivity and specificity of the in-house ELISA was 95% and 90%, respectively. Conclusions: Understanding Leptospira serovars circulating in leptospirosis-endemic areas will help to formulate better vaccines. LipL32-based ELISA may serve as a valuable tool for early diagnosis of leptospirosis.

scholarly journals Serological study of toxoplasmosis spread among unmarried female university students using LAT, ELISA and IgG avidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-720
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Positive Results

Toxoplasma gondii has a worldwide distribution and it is one of the most prevalent infectious agents in Iraq. The study was conducted on 200 serum samples of unmarried female university of students age ranged between 18 to 26 years to detect Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii antibodies among unmarried female students in Iraqi universities using different serological tests. Seventy six (38%) serum samples out of 200 subjects were positive for toxoplasma antibodies by Latex agglutination test (LAT). Among 76 LAT sera positive ,only 58 (29%) serum samples were positive with toxoplasma IgG ELISA test , however , the results of IgM ELISA assay were positive only for 3 (1.5%) unmarried female sample .None of negative LAT serum samples gave positive results with neither IgG nor IgM ELISA.

scholarly journals Rickettsial neglected zoonoses: prevalence of scrub typhus at central Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3672
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar C. S. ◽  
Satish Patil ◽  
B. S. Prasad ◽  
N. K. Kalappanavar ◽  
S. G. Jayaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igm Elisa

Background: Fever of unknown Origin (FUO) has many multiple causes such as enteric fever, malaria, dengue, tuberculosis, brucellosis. But scrub typhus is less known cause in Indian scenario. The present study reports the prevalence of scrub typhus at central Karnataka and compares the sensitivity and specificity of Weil-Felix test and the IgM ELISA in the detection of infection.Methods: 368 serum samples of FUO cases were collected. Weil-Felix test was performed and also analyzed for IgM antibodies to Orienta tsutsugamushi by IgM ELISA test along with haematological and biochemical investigations.Results: Out of 368 patients of fever of unknown origin, 94 cases were positive by OXK antigens by Weil Felix test and 61 were positive by ELISA test for ST IgM antibodies. Fever was the most common clinical presentation occurring in ST IgM ELISA positive cases, followed by myalgia in 90.1% cases, headache in 77%, hepatomegaly in 65.5%, splenomegaly in 62.2% and rashes were seen in 29.5% patients. Eschar was seen in 13.1% patients, pneumonia in 3.2% and meningo-encephalitis in 1.6%. Sensitivity and specificity of WFT in relation to IgM ELISA at a titre of 160 was 81.97% and 85.67% respectively.Conclusions: With the growing number of cases detected in India, scrub typhus is fast emerging as a public health threat and also due to limited diagnostics leading to underreporting, Weil Felix test could be used in adjunct with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and blood parameters in the diagnosis of rickettsial diseases.

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