scholarly journals AnthropogenicSusceptibility to environmental variability of the aquaculture sector in the State of Colima, Mexico: case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-656
Author(s):  
Marco Agustin Liñan-Cabello ◽  
Ana Luz Quintanilla-Montoya ◽  
Cesar Sepúlveda-Quiroz ◽  
Omar D. Cervantes-Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aquaculture Production

In Mexico, as in many other Latin American countries, the lack of a development plan and/or prevention in aquaculture to environmental variability is evident. In the State of Colima, aquaculture presents lags in terms of technical and productive capacity especially for growing tilapia Oreochromis spp. Surveys were performed to farmers and experts, in addition to consulting scientific literature sources, and identifying different risk factors arising from the practice of aquaculture in order to assess the vulnerability of the sector. The main risk factor associated with hydrometeorological phenomena, for which the need to define high-risk areas, even more, given the uncertainty of the same due to global climate change is recognized. This study proposes to implement a comprehensive program of technological conversion and control measures for alien species that also consider aquaculture production schemes based on the efficient use of water, and to consider using this endemic species for cultivation.

The transfer of European intercultural discourse towards Latin American educational actors: a Mexican case study

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Intercultural Education ◽  
Bilingual Teachers ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Intellectual Networks ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Intercultural Discourse

This paper analyses the ways transfer of the discourse on interculturality and intercultural education, as it has been coined and shaped by European anthropologists and pedagogues, towards educational actors and institutions in Latin America. My ethnographic data illustrate how this intercultural discourse is currently transferred through intellectual networks to different kinds of Mexican actors who are actively “translating” this discourse into the post-indigenismo situation of “indigenous education” and ethnic claims making in Mexico. On the basis of fieldwork conducted in two different institutions in the state of Veracruz, the appropriation and re-interpretation of, as well as the resistance against, the European discourse of interculturality are studied by comparing the training of “intercultural and bilingual” teachers through the state educational authorities and the notion of intercultural education, as applied within the so-called “Intercultural University of Veracruz”.

Between Legitimation and Decentralisation

2016 ◽  
pp. 400-440
Author(s):  
Gustavo Xavier Bonifaz
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Party System ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
American States ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
Political Legitimation ◽  
The Relationship

The present paper aims at answering why a country that shared, with other Latin American states, a centralist tradition that was even strengthened in the aftermath of its 1952 revolution, became one of the most radical and complex decentralisers in the region. The present is a country case study in which, using a process-tracing analysis, the evolution of decentralisation in Bolivia will be explained up to its current complex structure from a perspective of the relationship between political legitimation under competitive elections and the way in which the party system processed longstanding tensions between the state and different segments of society.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Bovine Mastitis and its Diagnosis, Prevention, and Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Audarya ◽  
D. Chhabra ◽  
R. Sharda ◽  
R. Gangil ◽  
R. Sikrodia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
The State ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
And Control

Mastitis is an inflammation of mammary glands that is prevalent in dairy bovines. It causes a significant proportion of economic losses to the dairy farmers in India. Cattle and buffalo farming contribute significantly to the economy of the state. Various infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi, and algae may cause mastitis. Hence, it is essential to understand the etiological agents and predisposing factors that lead to mastitis in susceptible bovine populations in Madhya Pradesh state so that appropriate prevention and control strategies can be implemented. In this chapter, epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and control measures of mastitis in general and in India, the state of Madhya Pradesh, in particular, will be presented.

scholarly journals A Bayesian analysis of the total number of cases of the COVID 19 when only a few data is available. A case study in the state of Goias, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Wisley Donizetti Velasco ◽  
Wanderson da Silva Marques ◽  
Carlos Augusto Gonçalves Tibiriçá
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Government Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Few Data

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID 19 has been provoking several problems to the health system around the world. One of the concerning is the crash of the health system due to the increasing demand suddenly. To avoid it, knowing the total number and daily new cases is crucial. In this study, we fitted curves growth models using a Bayesian approach. We extracted information obtained from some countries to build the prior distribution of the model. The total number of cases of the COVID 19 in the state of Goias was analyzed. Results from analysis indicated that the date of the outbreak peak is between 51 and 68 days after the beginning. Moreover, the total number of cases is around 3180 cases. The analysis did not take into consideration possibles changes in government control measures. We hope this study can provide some valuable information to public health management.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Shigella spp. isolated in the State of Pará, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Corrêa Bastos ◽  
Edvaldo Carlos Brito Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Disk Method

INTRODUCTION: Shigella spp. are Gram-negative, nonsporulating, rod-shaped bacteria that belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and are responsible for shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, an important cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We studied the antibiotic resistance profiles of 122 Shigella spp. strains (81 S. flexneri, 41 S. sonnei, 1 S. boydii) isolated from patients (female and male from 0 to 80 years of age) presenting diarrhea in different districts of the State of Pará, in the North of Brazil. The antibiotic resistance of the strains, isolated from human fecal samples, was determined by the diffusion disk method and by using the VITEK-2 system. RESULTS: The highest resistance rate found was the resistance rate to tetracycline (93.8%), followed by the resistance rate to chloramphenicol (63.9%) and to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (63.1%). Resistance to at least three drugs was more common among S. flexneri than S. sonnei (39.5% vs. 10%). Six (4.9%) strains were susceptible to all the antibiotics tested. All strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of multidrug resistance in Shigella spp. are a serious public health concern in Brazil. It is extremely important to continuously monitor the antimicrobial resistances of Shigella spp. for effective therapy and control measures against shigellosis.

Effects of Alcohol Policy on Population Variables and Control Measures

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-189
Author(s):  
R. W. Kisusu ◽  
N. Kalimang'asi ◽  
N. Macha ◽  
J. L. Mzungu
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Municipal Council ◽  
The Masses ◽  
And Control

This case study of Dodoma Municipal Council focuses on the application of statistical tools to establish Population Variables (PVs) affected by alcohol and suggested control measures. The establishment relied on primary data involving a sample size of 156 respondents selected through purposive sampling and analyzed by cross-tabs and Chi-square. The analysis found alcohol policy affects mostly the lower-educated population, small householders and youths, and these were significant at 0.029, 0.002, and 0.006 levels, respectively. The inferences drawn shows within PVs, alcohol reduces students' performances, influences separation of families, and increases poverty in the households, and all were significant at 0.003, 0.028, and 0.003, respectively. The findings conclude that alcohol affects all PVs, which consequently ends up deteriorating welfare. Therefore, to combat alcohol, the chapter recommends usage policy legal measures and educating the masses on the effect of alcohol.

Effects of Alcohol Policy on Population Variables and Control Measures

2014 ◽  
pp. 267-280
Author(s):  
R. W. Kisusu ◽  
N. Kalimangʼasi ◽  
N. Macha ◽  
J. L. Mzungu
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Municipal Council ◽  
The Masses ◽  
And Control

This case study of Dodoma Municipal Council focuses on the application of statistical tools to establish Population Variables (PVs) affected by alcohol and suggested control measures. The establishment relied on primary data involving a sample size of 156 respondents selected through purposive sampling and analyzed by cross-tabs and Chi-square. The analysis found alcohol policy affects mostly the lower-educated population, small householders and youths, and these were significant at 0.029, 0.002, and 0.006 levels, respectively. The inferences drawn shows within PVs, alcohol reduces students’ performances, influences separation of families, and increases poverty in the households, and all were significant at 0.003, 0.028, and 0.003, respectively. The findings conclude that alcohol affects all PVs, which consequently ends up deteriorating welfare. Therefore, to combat alcohol, the chapter recommends usage policy legal measures and educating the masses on the effect of alcohol.

scholarly journals Assessing Tourists’ Preferences of Negative Externalities of Environmental Management Programs: A Case Study on Invasive Species in Shei-Pa National Park, Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Ming Liu ◽  
Chia-Mei Tien
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
National Park ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

This study uses discrete choice experiments to evaluate and reduce the environmental impact of negative externalities of managing invasive alien species (IAS), such as “ecological shock”, “health risk”, “waiting time” “tour range” and “prevention and control fee”, on the support of IAS prevention and control. We used data from Taiwan’s Shei-Pa National Park and its visitors for the case study and obtained 602 valid questionnaires. The results indicate that visitors consider that each unit of externality of IAS prevention and control measures significantly reduces their utility, and the magnitude equals the estimated value of externality. However, although negative externalities are inevitable, the support for IAS prevention and control measures could be maximized by adjusting the types and proportions of negative externalities. For example, visitors are willing to sacrifice up to 1.41% of the tour range in exchange for a 1% reduction in ecological shock. This study summarizes the negative externalities of IAS prevention and control measures and proposes to adjust the combination of negative externalities to reduce the shocks of those IAS prevention and control measures on the public, so as to increase the public support for IAS policies and increase the sustainability of tourism.

scholarly journals Traffic control and social distancing evidence from COVID-19 in China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252300
Author(s):  
Shanlang Lin ◽  
Ruofei Lin ◽  
Na Yan ◽  
Junpei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Control

We collected COVID-19 epidemiological and epidemic control measures-related data in mainland China during the period January 1 to February 19, 2020, and empirically tested the practical effects of the epidemic control measures implemented in China by applying the econometrics approach. The results show that nationally, both traffic control and social distancing have played an important role in controlling the outbreak of the epidemic, however, neither of the two measures have had a significant effect in low-risk areas. Moreover, the effect of traffic control is more successful than that of social distancing. Both measures complement each other, and their combined effect achieves even better results. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the measures currently in place in China, however, we would like to emphasize that control measures should be more tailored, which implemented according to each specific city’s situation, in order to achieve a better epidemic prevention and control.

scholarly journals Analyzing the country events registration of the ?safe community project using E & CFA technique: Case study of Esfahan Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 461-476
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Zarei ◽  
Saeed Givehchi ◽  
Mahanaz Nasrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Community Project ◽  
Statistical Sample ◽  
And Control ◽  
Safe Community

The present study aims to analyze the events of the ?safe community project of Esfahan using E & CFA technique. Safe community project includes the initial preparations for the establishment of a safety culture in societies and providing purposeful management solutions to prevent the occurrence of various events. With the aggregate of the statistics on a variety of accidents with clear definitions, a good statistical population to be examined and analyzed is created. The statistical sample in this study consists of all the victims of the events recorded in the software relating to the state ?safe community project and in the section about the investigation of accidents by questionnaire, technical experts in the staff units of Health Center No. 1 in Esfahan analyzed the two selected events in the form of responding to components associated with intermediate and root causes and provided preventive and control measures. The instruments applied in this research included a questionnaire on the analysis of intermediate and root causes and a questionnaire concerning the assessment of preventive and control measures. Also, the degree of importance of each component and its relationship with other components were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis test and then, the intended components were ranked. Further, brainstorming sessions were held with the presence of 5 technical experts and 5-why tool and Ishikawa root cause diagram were used as a tool for investigating causal relationships in the two selected events. The test results indicated that each component in the questionnaire is not associated with other components and can be effective alone in creating the desired effect.

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