scholarly journals The Hidden Function of Vitamin D

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiba Mohamed Riad Sibaii ◽  
Salwa Refat El-Zayat ◽  
Azza Abd El-Shaheed ◽  
Nermine N. Mahfouz ◽  
Sara F. Sallam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thymosin Β4 ◽  
Thymic Hormone ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Group 1

AIM: There are no reports regarding the influence of vitamin D on thymosin ß4 and the cluster of differentiation CD4 levels which are important for maintaining a healthy immune system. Consequently, we aimed to explore this relationship through a study.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 35 subjects, screened for 25-hydroxy vitamin D[25 (OH) D] using ELISA method and they were divided into two groups: Group 1 consists of 10 healthy subjects with sufficient vit. D level > 24.8 ng/ml. Group 2 consists of 25 subjects suffering, severely, from vitamin D deficiency at level < 11.325 ng/ml. Also, Thymosin ß4, CD4 and zinc levels were performed.RESULTS: There were significant differences between the two groups in the concentration levels of thymosin β4, as the group 1 has shown higher levels (P = 0.005). Whereas, CD4 and zinc levels didn’t show any significant difference between the two groups. At the same time, a significant positive correlation has been observed between vitamin D, thymosin β4, and CD4 at (r = 0.719; P = 0.001), and (r = 0.559, P = 0.001) respectively.CONCLUSION: We concluded that vitamin D may be an essential factor that influence or determine the level of thymosin β4. This study is the first that focused on demonstrating that sufficient level of vitamin D may have the ability to influence the thymic hormone thymosin β4 levels. Further studies on large scale of subjects are needed to explore the positive correlation we had found between vitamin D and thymosin β4 and CD4.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and TSH: Do Their Level Impact on IVF outcomes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A736-A736
Author(s):  
Ricardo Negreiros ◽  
Luis Negreiros ◽  
Victor Rosado ◽  
Leonardo Cavalcanti ◽  
Bernardo Rosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Abstract: There is a positive correlation between serum 25 (OH) Vit D concentrations below 30 ng/ml and the incidence of preterm delivery, while higher levels can bring benefits to pregnancy. Although studies agree that TSH levels affect fertility, in euthyroid women (0.5&lt;TSH&lt;4.5), the serum concentration of this hormone still has a dubious effect on gestational outcomes. In order to study the relationship between vitamin D, TSH levels and pregnancy endpoint, a retrospective cohort study was conducted that considered 520 women who had undergone In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Patients were grouped regarding TSH values in mIU/L: 0.5-2.49 (Group 1) (n=416) and 2.5-4.5 (Group 2) (n=104), the serum levels of 25 (OH) Vit D within them were dichotomized in subgroups: &lt;30 ng/mL (Group 1, n=212; Group 2, n=49) and &gt;30 ng/mL (Group 1, n=204; Group 2, n=55). Primary endpoint was clinical pregnancy (the presence of the gestational sac and fetal heartbeat by ultrasound) and secondary outcomes were miscarriage and gestacional age (preterm or full-term pregnancy). The rate of clinical pregnancy in group 1 was significantly higher in patients with 25 (OH) Vit D &lt;30 ng/ml (51.9%) than 25 (OH) Vit D &gt;30 ng/ml (42.2%) according to the chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test (p&lt;0.05 all). There was no significant difference in group 2 (p=0.35), with percentages of 49% and 40% in the respective subgroups. Moreover, no statistical difference between the abortion rates was seen in 25 (OH) Vit D subgroups in groups 1 (p=0.71) and 2 (p=0.52). When gestational age rates were measured, the percentage of full-term pregnancies was lower in patients with 25 (OH) Vit D &lt;30 ng/ml (Group 1=62.6%; Group 2=57.9%), compared to those with 25 (OH) Vit D &gt;30 ng/ml (Group 1=77.6%; Group 2=78.9%), however, only the subgroups in the TSH category between 0.5-2.49 mUI/L showed a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0,05). The Spearman test identified a weak positive correlation between 25 (OH) Vit D and gestational age (ρ=0.218; p&lt;0.05). The findings indicate lower frequency of clinical pregnancy in patients with TSH between 0.5-2.49 mIU/L and 25 (OH) Vit D &gt;30 ng/ml. In addition, variations in 25 (OH) Vit D, in both TSH groups, do not suggest interference in miscarriage rates. Furthermore, higher serum concentrations of 25 (OH) Vit D seem to be involved with an increase in the prevalence of full-term births, an important finding to guide the procedures for IVF.

scholarly journals Association between vitamin d levels and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Martins Borges Ferreira Batista ◽  
Délio Eulálio Martins ◽  
Marcelo Wajchenberg ◽  
Marise Lazaretti ◽  
Eduardo Barros Puertas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To compare the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with AIS and a control group. Methods: The patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of our institution during the year of 2013. Children diagnosed with scoliosis before 10 or after 18 years of age, and those suffering from neurological or muscular disorders, congenital malformations or genetic syndromes were excluded. The 25-OHD levels were determined by a fully automated electrochemiluminescence test. The appropriate level of 25-OHD was defined as greater than 30 ng/mL. The results were compared to a group of healthy individuals. Results: In group 1 (control) 63,3% showed abnormal vitamin D levels, while 91% of patients with AIS presented a low level of vitamin D. The mean BMI was 19.6 kg/m2 for controls and 20.3 kg/m2 for group 2. Statistical analysis showed significant difference (p&lt;0.0001) between the levels of vitamin D. The average and minimum levels of vitamin D were respectively 27 and 13.6 ng/mL for group 1 and 18.8 and 3.13 ng/mL for AIS group. Conclusions: Patients with AIS had statistically significant lower levels of 25-OHD than healthy patients. Further research should be conducted to investigate the actual impact of serum vitamin D levels on the pathophysiology of AIS.

scholarly journals Relationship between anthropometric measures and sagittal spinal curvatures in adult male handball players

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Abdul-Moneem Ameer ◽  
Amr Almaz Abdel-Aziem
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Kyphotic Angle ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractPurpose. Increasing anthropometric measures bring considerable spinal loads during sports practice, which inversely affects the adaptation abilities of the spinal structures; this in turn influences the spinal curvatures. The study was conducted to explore the relationship between anthropometric measures and sagittal spinal curvatures in handball players. Method. The total of 83 male handball players were divided into 2 groups, depending on their body height: group 1 (age, 23.62 ± 2.07 years) consisted of 40 handball players with height above average, group 2 (age, 24.63 ± 2.58 years) consisted of 43 handball players with height below average. The thoracic and lumbar curvatures and trunk height were measured with the Formetric III 4D spine and posture analysis system. Results. The thoracic kyphosis of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.038), without a significant difference in lumbar lordosis (p = 0.312), and significant difference in the coefficient of compensation between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis (p = 0.026). Group 1 showed strong positive correlation between body height and kyphotic angle (r = 0.897), and moderate positive correlation with lordosis angle (r = 0.496). In group 2, there was weak positive correlation with kyphotic angle (r = 0.381), and weak negative correlation with lumbar lordosis angle (r = -0.355). Conclusions. Increasing body height of handball players is associated with bigger kyphotic and lordotic angles. Owing to frequent sagittal asymmetric overloading of the spine during handball training, exercises that help maintain good posture and correct the thoracic kyphosis are required, especially for taller players.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for COVID-19 infection in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209
Author(s):  
Adarsh E. ◽  
Malavika Jayanna ◽  
Neethu N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Immunological Mechanism ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a major public health problem in all age groups. Through its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects it is shown to have a protective effect in COVID affected children. The objective of the study was to evaluate vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for developing COVID-19 infection in children and to study the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the clinical findings in COVID-19 positive children.Methods: A retrospective study of all COVID positive children aged 1 month to 15 years admitted to COVID Paediatric ward of Rajarajeshwari Medical hospital from July 2020-November 2020. All COVID positive children confirmed with RTPCR of age group 1 month to 15 years will be included in the study the age at admission, clinical and laboratory data, and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol (25‐OHD) levels will be recorded. Patients diagnosed with COVID 19 are divided into 2 groups those with deficient and insufficient vitamin D levels were determined as group 1 and patients with normal vitamin D levels as Group 2. Those with vitamin D Levels below 20ng/ml were determined as group 1 and those with >20 ng/ml as group 2. The various clinical outcomes and laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups.Results: Patients with COVID 19 had significantly lower vitamin D levels 22.39±6.27 (p≤0.0001). Patients in group A that is vitamin D deficient and insufficient group had higher levels of ferritin (p≤0.0001).No significant difference was found between other clinical and laboratory parameters between group 1 and group 2.Conclusions: This is one of the first to evaluate vitamin D levels and its relationship with clinical findings in paediatric patients with covid-19. Although vitamin D does not play a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 we do believe its putative role in preventing and treating the disease The results suggest that vitamin D levels may be associated with the occurrence and management of the COVID-19 disease by modulating the immunological mechanism to the virus in paediatric population.

Large-Scale Bicortical Skull Bone Regeneration Using Ex vivo Replication-Defective Adenoviral-Mediated Bone Morphogenetic Protein—2 Gene—Transferred Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Composite Biomaterials

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. ons75-ons83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Chia-Ning Chang ◽  
Tsung-Min Lin ◽  
Hui-Ying Chung ◽  
Philip Kuo-Ting Chen ◽  
Feng-Huei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Skull Defect ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have great potential in bone repair. We developed an animal model to test the hypothesis that ex vivo gene transfer of human bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 to BMSCs via a replication-defective (E1A-deleted) adenovirus vector (AdV) with appropriate biopolymers would enhance autologous bone formation during repair of a large-scale skull defect. Methods: Eighteen miniature swine were treated with AdV BMP-2-transduced BMSCs in biopolymer (group 1), BMSCs in biopolymer (group 2), or biopolymer alone (group 3). After 6 months, the swine were killed, and the skull repair was examined by gross pictures, histology, 3-dimensional computed tomography, and biomechanical study. Results: Group 1 showed complete solid bone formation after 6 months, and hema-toxylin and eosin staining demonstrated the presence of mature, woven, well-mineralized bone. Computed tomography showed wholesome repair of the skull defect. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference in bone thickness between groups 1 and 2. Biomechanical testing showed a statistically significant difference in the stiffness of new bone formed in group 1 compared with group 2. Conclusion: The Ad5 E1A-deleted AdV may be the optimal starting vector in ex vivo gene therapy for benign skeletal diseases. Additionally, the use of the gelatin/tricalcium phosphate ceramic/glutaraldehyde biopolymer with AdV BMP-2 gene transfer strongly enhances the bony healing of critical-size bicortical craniofacial defects. This method can be used by modifying the delivery of constructs to malunion treatment, in regional osteoporosis therapy, and spinal fusion.

scholarly journals VITAMIN D IN MENOPAUSE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON 471 WOMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Catalina Poiana ◽  
◽  
Mara Carsote ◽  
Cristina Capatina ◽  
Valentin Radoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Vitamin D is intensively studied during the last years. The most useful instrument to assess the vitamin D status is serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D). Material and method. This is a cross sectional study in menopausal women, between 2008 and 2013 with inclusion criteria: at least 1 year since menopause, age between 40 and 80 years; exclusion criteria: specific therapy for osteoporosis, previous diagnosis of osteomalacia and rickets, primary hyperparathyroidism. Results. 471 subjects were: group 1 with osteopenia and osteoporosis (N = 328) and group 2 with normal DXA (N = 143) which were statistically significant (SS) different regarding the age, body mass index (BMI), years since menopause, bone markers osteocalcin and CrossLaps, with no SS differences between 25-OH D. In group 1: the linear regression coefficient (r) between alkaline phosphatase and 25-OH D was -0.14 (p = 0.01). In group 2: the BMI distribution showed: normal weighted subjects (BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/m2, N = 22, 15%, av. 25-OH D = 19.69 ng/mL), overweighed females (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2, N = 56, 39%, av. 25-OH D = 15.11 ng/mL ), obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, N = 65, 46%, av. 25-OH D = 12.11 ng/mL), with SS differences between any 2 subgroups. 25-OH D is not SS different between the subgroups based on decades of years since menopause, regardless the DXA score. Conclusion. Based on our observations, a prevalent low level of vitamin D is registered in menopausal women regardless they have or not osteoporosis and in women with normal DXA the vitamin D level is lower in obsesses versus normal or overweighed patients.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Tuberculosis of the meninges and central nervous system. Experience of clinical diagnostics in St. Petersburg for 50 years

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Allergic Vasculitis ◽  
Tuberculosis Meningitis ◽  
Group 1

The clinic and diagnostics of tuberculosis meningitis (TM) in 926 patients treated in St. Petersburg hospitals in 1965–1994 (group 1) and in 1995–2018 (group 2) is presented. The TM clinic is demonstrated to be determined by the form of tuberculosis and its characteristic generalization nature in the presence of repeated waves of bacteremia and allergic vasculitis of greater or lesser severity. There is clinical peculiarity of TM in primary pulmonary tuberculosis and its early large-focal and late miliar generalization, as well as in hematogenous tuberculosis. In patients of the 1st and 2nd groups the TM clinic shows in some respects a noticeable similarity, in others — a significant difference. Despite the typical symptoms, early diagnosis of TM took place in less than 20% of patients. Clinical examples illustrating the unusual development of TM, contrasting with its usual course, are given. A number of objective and subjective factors contributing to the adverse evolution of TM and its lethal outcome are discussed. These include the peculiarity of modern tuberculosis, especially when associated with HIV infection, as well as medical errors associated with ignorance of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and failure to comply with the minimum examination for tuberculosis.

Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2608-2613
Author(s):  
Larisa Simona Deac ◽  
Kamel Earar ◽  
Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽  
Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽  
Aurora Antoniac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Selective Etch ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

Reducing Gingivitis Remotely using the iGAM mHealth app (part 2): Prospective Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Tobias ◽  
Assaf B Spanier
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND Gingivitis is a non-painful, inflammatory condition that can be treated with home remedies. Left untreated gingivitis can lead to tooth loss. Periodic dental examinations are important for early diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases. In order to contain the spread of the corona virus, governments, including in Israel, have restricted movements of their citizens which has caused routine dental checkups to be postponed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the ability of an mHealth app- iGAM to reduce gingivitis. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study was performed, 160 unpaid participants were divided into 2 equal groups and downloaded the iGAM app. Group 1 photographed their gums weekly for eight weeks. Group 2 photographed their gums at the time of recruitment and 8 weeks later. After photo submission, the participants received the message "It is recommended to read the information contained within the app regarding maintaining oral hygiene habits". A single blinded researcher examined the images and scored them according to the Modified Gingival Index (MGI). RESULTS The average age of group 1 was 26.77 (S.D. ± 7.43), and 28.53 (S.D. ± 10.44) for group 2. The majority were male (74.7% in group 1 vs. 66.7% in group 2), most participants described themselves as "secular", most were "single", non-smokers (74.7% vs. 78.4%) and did not take medications (85.3% vs. 78.4%). 126 subjects completed the study. A statistically significant difference (P <.001) was found in the dependent variable (MGI) in a linearly negative manner. As time passed, the gum condition improved, there were significantly lower gingivitis scores in group 1 (M = 1.16, S.D. ± 1.18) compared to group 2 (M = 2.16, S.D. ± 1.49), after eight weeks. Those with more recent dental visits had a lower MGI (p = .037). No association was found between knowledge and behavior, most participants were familiar with the recommendations for maintaining oral health, yet they only performed some. CONCLUSIONS A dental selfie taken once a week using an mHealth app (iGAM) reduced the signs of gingivitis and promoted oral health. During the current pandemic where social distancing recommendations may be causing people to avoid dental clinics, this app can remotely promote gum health. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol was approved by Hadassah research ethics committee (IRB, 0212-18-HMO)

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