scholarly journals Subcutaneous Dirofilariasis in Female Pubic Region - Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
Ivka Djaković ◽  
Tanja Leniček ◽  
Relja Beck ◽  
Zdenko Kraljević ◽  
Krunoslav Kuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Ocular Lesions ◽  
Human Dirofilariasis ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

BACKGROUND: Number of reported cases of human dirofilariasis in the last couple of decades has been increasing. Dogs are the main reservoir hosts, while various mosquito species represent/serve as vectors. Human infections are caused by two different parasites: Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. Dirofilaria repens is currently considered to be one of the most rapidly-spreading human and animal parasite species in Europe. Clinical features are characterised by subcutaneous or ocular lesions which can persist for months without any symptoms. The disease is considered to be endemic in Mediterranean countries, central Asia, Israel, and Sri Lanka with increased incidence in Central and East Europe. Apart from the local population, tourists are also susceptible to this disease. Export of domestic animals can transfer parasites between different countries. This disease is rare in Croatia. CASE PRESENTATION: We are presenting a case of a 58-year-old female patient with dirofilariasis of the genital region caused by Dirofilaria repens, confirmed with PCR and sequencing. CONCLUSION: From the clinician point of view, subcutaneous dirofilariasis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of long-lasting subcutaneous swellings.

scholarly journals The role of the jessour system for agrobiodiversity preservation in Southern Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Piras ◽  
Afef Zanzana ◽  
Ligia M. Costa Pinto ◽  
Beatrice Fiore ◽  
Martina Venturi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
The Arid Regions

AbstractMediterranean countries are still characterized by a great variety of historical cultural landscapes, as a result of the millenary human presence that has shaped the territory through agro-silvo-pastoral practices. In the arid regions of south eastern Tunisia, the land use is predominantly olive trees cropping and, because of the difficulties related to water scarcity, local population have developed a peculiar water harvesting technique ensuring the cultivation activities and minimising the risk from droughts. Jessour consist of small dams built across gullies and wadi thalwegs, creating a succession of terraces that partially retain the surface water and sediments required for crop growth. These structures are commonly built inside the watercourses to intercept runoff and sediments or at the foot of slopes. Considering that the biodiversity associated to traditional agricultural practices is important, especially in difficult environments, for ensuring food and nutrition to local communities, it results fundamental to preserve these peculiar practices. Moreover, taking into account that the presence of these water harvesting techniques allows the existence of a wide variety of flora and fauna species it result to be even more important to identify and maintain them from an ecological point of view. The research focused on the jessour identification and mapping in order to define their distribution nearby Douiret, in south of Tunisia, and describe the wide variety of species cultivated thanks to this traditional water harvesting solution. Moreover, using QGis software it was possible to analyse both jessour structure and peculiarities as well as their distribution according to the local morphological structure.

scholarly journals Human Dirofilariasis: A Case of Infraorbital Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Human Dirofilariasis ◽  
Sporadic Cases

Background: Human dirofilariasis is not perceived as a serious public health concern in India despite more number of sporadic cases being reported of late. Only a few dozen cases were reported in the first decade of the new millenium, but the number is gradually increasing during the last decade. With a high population of pet dogs & cats and vast number of stray dogs, the State of Kerala could be a potential infective area. Case Report: It is against this background that an interesting case of infraorbital incidence of dirofilaria repens is being reported that was mimicking as periorbital cellulitis. The cyst was surgically excised and sent for histopathological examination. The presence of Dirofilaria repens was confirmed. Conclusion: There has been an increase in the incidence of dirofilariasis in countries that were considered as non-endemic such as India of late. The probable contributing factors are discussed in detail. Coordinated parasite surveillance and preventive vector control measures with active participation from LSGs and local population are suggested.

scholarly journals Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Lebanon: A Retrospective Study and Molecular Epidemiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Joanny ◽  
Maria Grazia Cappai ◽  
Francesca Nonnis ◽  
Claudia Tamponi ◽  
Giorgia Dessì ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
And Control ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Abstract Purpose Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease that constitutes a public health challenge and a socio-economic burden in endemic areas worldwide. No specific surveillance system of CE infections in humans exists in Lebanon. The incidence and trends over time have not been documented. The current study aimed to assess the demographic and epidemiologic features of human CE surgical cases over a 14-year period in the five main regions of Lebanon. Methods From 2005 to 2018, a total of 894 surgically confirmed cases of hydatidosis were recorded from five anatomy and pathology laboratories. Results The mean annual surgical incidence was 1.23/100,000 inhabitants. Over the span of these years, the incidence increased from 0.53 to 1.94 cases/100,000 inhabitants in 2005 and 2018, respectively. CE is present in Lebanon with an uneven distribution from one region to the other with higher prevalence in Bekaa (29.0%), a rural area where sheep raising is widespread. Human CE cases were more common in females (60.1%) than in males (39.9%) and a high burden of infection was reported for the age group of 30–39 years. Besides, 66.7% of the cases expressed only liver complications whereas, 20.5% showed predilection towards lungs. The 7.8% of cases presented cysts in other organs, and 1.3% showed multiple localizations. Additionally, predominant involvement of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto was recorded in human infections. Comparison of Echinococcus granulosus s.s. populations from different Mediterranean countries also revealed high gene flow among this region and sharing of alleles. Conclusion The current study is a step forward to fill the gap of knowledge for the hydatidosis in Lebanon where the lack of epidemiological data and control measures have resulted in higher incidence of human CE. Graphic Abstract

The Public Purchase of Grain on Independent Delos

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Reger
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Price Structure ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grain Prices

Earlier work has tended to view Delos as an entrepôt for the larger Hellenistic grain trade, but during the years of independence (314-167 B.C.) the island relied on the import of grain to satisfy local demand, and this was certainly the more important aspect of the trade in grain, at least from the Delians' point of view. This study explores several issues connected with the local supply of grain. From prices for grain reported in inscriptions and estimates of the local population, the aggregate annual demand for grain is estimated, and the price structure of grain derived; the ratio of wheat and barley prices on Delos is found to differ considerably from that known from Athens and Roman Egypt. The shortage of 282 B.C., assumed by earlier scholars from prices recorded for that year, is shown instead to be a period of atypically low prices. The impact of the sailing season on shipments of grain is explored, and an annual rhythm in grain prices and availability linked to the closure of the sea and the agricultural year is revealed. The Delians tried to reduce the impact of these fluctuations by the public purchase of grain on an irregular basis in the late fourth and third century, as attested through public loans; by the last quarter of the third century they had established a regular sitōnia fund to buy grain for resale at reduced prices. Comparison of funds available, grain prices, and the estimated aggregate demand suggest that the Delian sitōnia was able to cover a significant fraction of local demand; this contrasts with evidence from other cities. Some of the implications of these results for our understanding of the Hellenistic economy are briefly explored.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria (Nochtiella) repens in Sri Lanka: A potential risk of transmitting human dirofilariasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1770137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayana Gunathilaka ◽  
Shirom Siriwardana ◽  
Lakmini Wijesooriya ◽  
Gayana Gunaratne ◽  
Nilanga Perera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Human Dirofilariasis ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Controlling Measures

Objective: Dirofilariasis is a parasitic infection caused by filarial nematodes belonging to the genus Dirofilaria. Human dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens has been widely reported from European countries. Sri Lanka is the most affected country in Asia with an infection rate of almost 60% in dog population. However, human infection of D. repens remains undiagnosed and many of the cases are not scientifically documented. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation is to document the presence of dirofilariasis infections in humans. Method: A 1 year and 10 months old boy from Ragama, Gampaha District, Western Province of Sri Lanka, was presented to a private hospital with a painless, non-pruritic and ill-defined subcutaneous nodule on his right hypochondrial region of the anterior abdominal wall for 1 week. On examination, there was a non-tender swelling measuring 2 cm × 2 cm in the anterior abdominal wall, with surrounding mild redness. The patient was referred for ultrasound confirmation. Results: The ultrasound scan revealed a hypoechoic nodular lesion measuring 11 mm × 6 mm in the anterior abdominal wall. Parasitological examination on the excised nodule confirmed the presence of D. repens measuring 10.5 cm in length having characteristic cuticle with longitudinal ridges. Conclusion: It is essential to record the human infections and increase the awareness about this infection, diagnostic tests and vector controlling measures, in order to reduce the disease prevalence through suppressing vector densities, proper diagnosis and patient care.

scholarly journals Universidades públicas como agentes de desenvolvimento urbano e regional de cidades médias e pequenas: uma discussão teórica, metodológica e empírica

GeoTextos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendel Henrique Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Regional Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economical Development ◽  
Urban And Regional Development

As universidades apresentam um importante papel social na promoção do desenvolvimento social, cultural e econômico. Em diversos países sua instalação está ligada também ao desenvolvimento urbano e regional, especialmente de cidades médias e pequenas, promovendo, com relativo sucesso, a modernização da estrutura urbana e econômica dessas cidades. A base empírica desse estudo são as cidades sede dos campi da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (instalados em 2006) e Passau (Baviera/Alemanha), sede da Universidade de Passau, desde 1978. Nosso objetivo é propor uma abordagem metodológica que dê suporte para pesquisas focadas na integração, na fragmentação e nos conflitos entre a cidade da população local e aquela das universidades. Nossas conclusões principais indicam uma grande dinamização do mercado imobiliário, diversificação das atividades comerciais e de serviços, ampliação do papel regional, mas também, do ponto de vista social, conexões fracas e pontuais com a cidade, gerando conflitos entre estudantes/professores e a população local. Abstract PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES AS AGENTS IN URBAN AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIUM AND SMALL-SIZED CITIES: A THEORETICAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND EMPIRICAL APPROACH The universities have an important role in our society to promote social, cultural and economical development. In many countries universities has been installed in small and medium-sized cities since the 70’s to promote the development and ‘modernization’. Some of them are very successful and the economical development is visible and unquestionable. Our empirical study focuses the cities of the Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (installed in 2006) and Passau/Bavaria/Germany (University of Passau, installed in 1978). Our goal is to propose methodological approach to support a research based on the integration, fragmentation and conflicts between the city of the local population and city of the Universities. Our major conclusions are connected with the increase of the real estate market, diversification of commercial and service activities, intensification of regional role. From the social point of view, however, there are weak and punctual connections with the cities, promoting spatial and cultural conflicts between the students/professor and the local population.

scholarly journals Human and entomological surveillance of Toscana virus in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy, 2010 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Calzolari ◽  
P Angelini ◽  
A C Finarelli ◽  
R Cagarelli ◽  
R Bellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Viral Meningitis ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Human Infections

Toscana virus (TOSV), transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies, is recognised as one of the most important causes of viral meningitis in summer in Mediterranean countries. A surveillance plan based on both human and entomological surveys was started in 2010 in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Clinical samples from patients with neurological manifestations were collected during 2010 to 2012. The surveillance protocol was improved during these years, allowing the detection of 65 human infections. Most of these infections were recorded in hilly areas, where sandflies reach the highest density. Entomological sampling around the homes of the patients resulted in a low number of captured sandflies, while later sampling in a hilly area with high number of human cases (n=21) resulted in a larger number of captured sandflies. Using this approach, 25,653 sandflies were sampled, of which there were 21,157 females, which were sorted into 287 pools. TOSV RNA was detected by real-time PCR in 33 of the pools. The results highlighted the role of Phlebotomus perfiliewi as the main vector of TOSV and a potential link between vector density and virus circulation. This integrated system shows that an interdisciplinary approach improves the sensitiveness and effectiveness of health surveillance.

scholarly journals FRACTALS, NATURAL DISASTERS AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF MALDIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Boyko Ranguelov ◽  
Fathimath Shadiya
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fractal Nature ◽  
Fractal Properties ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Ocean Level ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Negative Phenomena

A new idea about the fractal nature of Maldives archipelago is under investigation. The origin of this famous Maldivian islands’ country is still questionable from geodynamic point of view. The present study is focused to the assessment of the fractal properties and the coefficients of the nonlinearity (fractal dimensions) of the areal spatial distribution of the major atolls of the Maldives. This is the most vulnerable area in the world from point of view of the global warming and the possible negative consequences to the country and population from the ocean level increase. From another side the natural hazards (tsunamis, storms, etc.) are common negative phenomena attacking the country. The strongly developed tourism – more than 30% of the GDP and the increased urbanization is another factor creating ecological problems to the local population. The relationships between the fractal nature and the possible ways to avoid the pollution are also in the focus of this research.

Human dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens in Ukraine, an emergent zoonosis: epidemiological report of 1465 cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusłan Sałamatin ◽  
Tamara Pavlikovska ◽  
Olga Sagach ◽  
Svitlana Nikolayenko ◽  
Vadim Kornyushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Human Dirofilariasis ◽  
Analysis Point ◽  
National Surveillance System

AbstractThe filarial nematode Dirofilaria repens is currently considered to be one of the most extensively spreading human and animal parasites in Europe. In Ukraine, reporting cases of dirofilariasis has been mandatory since 1975, and the disease was included in the national surveillance system for notifiable diseases. Up until December 31st 2012, a total of 1533 cases have been registered, with 1465 cases occurring within the previous 16 years. Most of the cases of dirofilariasis were registered in 6 regions: Kyiv, and the Donetsk, Zaporizhzhya, Dnipropetrovsk, Kherson and Chernihiv oblasts. In the years 1997–2002 the highest incidence rate was noted in the Kherson oblast in the south of the country (9.79 per 100 000 people), and the lowest in western Ukraine (0.07–1.68 per 100 000 people). D. repens infections were registered in all oblasts. Parasitic lesions were most often located in the head, the subconjunctival tissue and around the eyes. D. repens lesions were also found in the limbs, torso, male sexual organs, and female mammary glands. Dirofilariasis was diagnosed in persons aged from 11 months to 90 years old, most often among people between 21–40 years of age. Most patients had only one parasitic skin lesion; the majority of isolated nematodes were female. The results of our analysis point to a constant increase in D. repens dirofilariasis incidence in humans in Ukraine. Despite educational efforts, infections have become more frequent and the territory in which the disease occurs has enlarged to encompass the whole of Ukraine. Nevertheless, the Ukrainian sanitary-epidemiological services managed to achieve some measure of success, e.g. by creating a registration system for D. repens infections and establishing proper diagnostics for the disease.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Phylogeography of Tuber magnatum Populations

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Belfiori ◽  
Valentina D’Angelo ◽  
Claudia Riccioni ◽  
Marco Leonardi ◽  
Francesco Paolocci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
East Europe ◽  
East European ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Tuber Magnatum ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Expansion

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tuber magnatum produces the white truffle appreciated worldwide for its unique aroma. With respect to other Tuber spp. of economic interest, T. magnatum presents a narrower geographical range. This species has, in fact, long been considered endemic to Italy. However, over the last few decades several reports have documented the presence of white truffles in different Mediterranean countries and in particular in various areas of south-east Europe. In this study, samples from several Pannonian and Balkan countries such as Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece have been collected and genotyped with microsatellite markers and the data merged with those available for Italian populations. Our objectives were to test whether Italian and south-east European populations are differentiated and to evaluate the genetic diversity of T. magnatum all over its distributional range. We show the genetic structure of T. magnatum populations with the differentiation of four main groups: northern Italy, central-northern Italy, southern Italy and the Balkan/Pannonian region. The present study allowed us to refine the evolutionary history of T. magnatum and track the possible post-glacial expansion route of this species. The assessment of T. magnatum’s genetic structure is not only of scientific relevance, but it is also important for the conservation and market traceability of this prestigious fungus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document