scholarly journals In vitro Antifungal Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera on Phytopathogenic Fungi Affecting Carica papaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Margaret Oniha ◽  
Angela Eni ◽  
Olayemi Akinnola ◽  
Emmanuel Adedayo Omonigbehin ◽  
Eze Frank Ahuekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses

BACKGROUND: Plants remain the natural sources of efficacious phytonutrients with beneficial assets to mankind against microbial disorders. Diverse folklores have reported the roles of medicinal plants in the remedies of various disorders in man and animals. Metabolites and pesticides from the plant origin are considered better alternatives due to favorable environmental impact as compared to the synthetic counterparts. Significant economic losses and hindrance of global papaya production are due to fungal diseases. Phytochemicals have made medicinal plants become sources of environmentally friendly alternative antimicrobials. AIM: This study aimed at assessing the antifungal activity of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera against phytopathogenic fungi isolated from Carica papaya. METHODS: n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts of M. oleifera leaves were evaluated for their antifungal properties. Agar well-diffusion method was implemented for in vitro screening, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the extract types against fungal species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Trichoderma. RESULTS: All the extracts evaluated inhibited fungal growth to some degree, with the aqueous extract exhibiting more inhibitory activities than the organic extracts. There was significant inhibition of fungal development by the tested plant extracts at different concentrations. MIC of the extracts was 15.625 mg/ml while the MFC values ranged between 15.625 and 31.25. In this work, the antifungal activity of M. oleifera was found to be equal or higher than commercially available fungicide, ketoconazole. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that foliole extracts of M. oleifera have potential for use as biofungicides for plant protection against fungal diseases.

scholarly journals In vitro Antifungal Activity of Plant Extracts, Hydrolates and Essential Oils of Some Medicinal Plants and Control of Cucumber Anthracnose

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amanda P. Mattos ◽  
Fabricio P. Povh ◽  
Bruna B. Rissato ◽  
Vítor V. Schwan ◽  
Kátia R. F. Schwan-Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Aims: This study is aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity effect of the crude aqueous extract (CAE), hydrolate (HY) and essential oil (EO) of Corymbia citriodora, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus and Curcuma longa against the phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria steviae, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Sclerotium rolfsii, and assess, in situ, the effectiveness of CAE of medicinal plants in reducing the severity of the cucumber anthracnose. Methodology: The EOs and HYs were obtained by hydrodistillation. The CAEs were prepared by the turbolysis method. Mycelial growth of the fungi was measured daily, by the diametrically opposite method. In the in vivo test, the CAEs were sprayed on the cotyledon leaves of healthy cucumber plants with three days after were inoculated with C. lagenarium. The severity of assessment of the disease was based on a scale of notes. Results: The medicinal plants studied showed antifungal activity against all or almost all pathogens. In general, treatment with CAE and HY of C. longa revealed the highest inhibition against the fungi tested. With the exception of the EO of C. longa, the other EOs showed total inhibition against all the fungi and in all the concentrations tested. Compared to control, in in vivo assays CAE of C. citratus presents a potential for control of cucumber anthracnose reducing the severity of the disease. Conclusion: The medicinal plants studied produce compounds associated with antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assay of some Nepalese medicinal plants

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijaya Laxmi Maharjan ◽  
Smritri Mainali ◽  
Bikash Baral
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

Medicinal plants constitute several bioactive compounds that are antimicrobial. Due to the extensive need of the new antimicrobial compounds of plant origin the study was conducted. The present paper deals with the qualitative phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial assay of methanolic extracts of four medicinal plants namely Butea monosperma (seed), Cissampelos pareira (root), Myrica esculenta (bark) and Selinum tenuifolium (root). The standard phytochemical test of the extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols, glycosides and coumarins in all the plant extracts. For the in-vitro antimicrobial assay, agar well diffusion method was employed against human pathogenic bacteria (11) and phytopathogenic fungi (5). The extracts of C. pareira, M. esculenta were effective against all the tested bacteria and fungi which indicated their broad spectrum antimicrobial potential. The extract of B. monosperma was effective against B. subtilis, S. typhi, Acinetobacter species, F. oxysporum, F. moniliformie, E. turticum and S. roulfsii. But the extract of S. tenuifolium was ineffective against all the tested bacteria but was effective against all the fungal strains revealing it to have more antifungal potential. The antimicrobial properties of these plant extracts may be due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. The results provided evidence that the studied plants might indeed be employed in the management of microbial infections. Key words: Plant extract; Phytochemicals; Antibacterial; Antifungal DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5526 SW 2011; 9(9): 90-92

Synthesis and Antifungal Activities of Drimane-Amide Derivatives from Sclareol

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaofeng Ma ◽  
Jili Feng ◽  
Dezhi Wang ◽  
Shu-Wei Chen ◽  
Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Amide Derivatives

Aim and Objective: Plant diseases are caused by fungal pathogens lead to severe economic losses in many agriculture crops. And the increasing resistance of many fungi to commonly used antifungal agents necessitates the discovery and development of new fungicides. So this study was focused on synthesizing novel skeleton compounds to effectively control plant diseases. Materials and Methods: A series of drimane-amide derivatives were designed, synthesized by aminolysis reaction of amine with intermediate sclareolide which was prepared from sclareol. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS (ESI) spectroscopic data. Their in vitro antifungal activity were preliminarily evaluated by using the mycelium growth rate method against five phytopathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea, Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternate, Alternaria brassicae, and Fusarium graminearum. Results: 23 target compounds were successfully obtained in yields of 52-95%. Compounds A2 and A3 displayed favorable inhibitory potency against B. cinerea, G. cingulata and A. brassicae with IC50 values ranging from 3.18 to 10.48 µg/mL. These two compounds displayed higher fungicidal activity than sclareol against all the tested phytopathogenic fungi, and were more effective than the positive control thiabendazole against A. alternate and A. brassicae. The structure-activity relationship studies of compounds A1-10 indicated that both the position and type of substituent on the phenyl ring had significant effects on antifungal activity. Conclusion: The drimane-amide derivatives A2 and A3 were the most promising derivatives and should be selected as new templates for the potential antifungal agents.

In vitro anti-fungal activity of few medicinal plants of Visakhapatnam region against clinically isolated dermatophytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 4573
Author(s):  
Phani Kumari Uddandapu* ◽  
K. Chandrasekhara Naidu ◽  
Y. Venkateswar Rao
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses ◽  
Traditional Indian Medicine

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of methanol extracts of twenty plant species used in traditional Indian medicine against the clinically isolated fungi. The plants were selected on the basis of their reported ethnobotanical uses. The studies on plants of South Indian medicinal plants collected from regions of Visakhapatnam and were investigated against three clinical fungal isolates viz., Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method. The plant extracts were prepared using the solvent methanol. It is clear from the results that, the extract of twenty plants used in this study acts as a good source of antibiotics against various fungal pathogens tested and exhibited a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. The results of this study support the use of all the selected twenty medicinal plants to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals that address unmet therapeutic needs.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4383
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Aleksandra Szram ◽  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Janina Grzegorczyk ◽  
Louis Hardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Sanguinarine and Chelerythrine Derivatives against Phytopathogenic Fungi

Molecules ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 13026-13035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Juan Yang ◽  
Fang Miao ◽  
Yao Yao ◽  
Fang-Jun Cao ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Sanguinarine And Chelerythrine ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) PERS. LEAF EXTRACTS. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BY ZONE OF INHIBITION ESTIMATION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
S. M Pawaskar ◽  
◽  
K. C. Sasangan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of the successive leaf extracts of Cynodon dactylon in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water, against various gram positive & gram negative bacterial strains using zone of inhibition. Both Agar well diffusion method & Agar disc diffusion method were used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. The microorganisms used in the test were – Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella paratyphi B, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerac and Enterobacter aerogenes. Two fungal strains - Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also tested to evaluate the antifungal potential of the said plant extract. The reference antibiotics chloramphenicol & ampicillin (antibacterial); nystatin & clotrimazole and (antifungal) were also tested against these standard microorganisms used in the assay and the results were compared with that of the plant extracts.The results of the study revealed that all the seven successive extracts of the leaf powder of Cynodon dactylon ( L.) Pers. exhibited prominent antimicrobial and antifungal activity against all microorganisms used in the study. The nonpolar extracts i.e. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone showed the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested organisms. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showing maximum inhibition in the range of 8 mm - 15 mm. This was closely followed by, acetone extract, which showed the inhibition in the range of 9 mm - 13 mm.

Streptomyces botrytidirepellens sp. nov., a novel actinomycete with antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengqi Jiang ◽  
Xi Xu ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
Dongmei Li ◽  
Liyuan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Desferrioxamine B ◽  
Cell Free Filtrate

The fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of devastating gray mold diseases in many economically important fruits, vegetables, and flowers, leading to serious economic losses worldwide. In this study, a novel actinomycete NEAU-LD23T exhibiting antifungal activity against B. cinerea was isolated, and its taxonomic position was evaluated using a polyphasic approach. Based on the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, it is concluded that the strain represents a novel species within the genus Streptomyces , for which the name Streptomyces botrytidirepellens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-LD23T (=CCTCC AA 2019029T=DSM 109824T). In addition, strain NEAU-LD23T showed a strong antagonistic effect against B. cinerea (82.6±2.5%) and varying degrees of inhibition on nine other phytopathogenic fungi. Both cell-free filtrate and methanol extract of mycelia of strain NEAU-LD23T significantly inhibited mycelial growth of B. cinerea. To preliminarily explore the antifungal mechanisms, the genome of strain NEAU-LD23T was sequenced and analyzed. AntiSMASH analysis led to the identification of several gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites with antifungal activity, including 9-methylstreptimidone, echosides, anisomycin, coelichelin and desferrioxamine B. Overall, this research provided us an excellent strain with considerable potential to use for biological control of tomato gray mold.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Echinops kebericho Mesfin: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tamirat Bekele Beressa ◽  
Serawit Deyno ◽  
Paul E. Alele
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Standard Drug

Background. Echinops kebericho is an endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia widely used in the treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Essential oils are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of essential oil from E. kebericho against four common pathogenic fungi and two standard strains. Methods. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The antifungal screening was done by agar well diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution. Minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were determined by subculturing fungal strains with no visible growth onto a Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plate. Results. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans were highly sensitive while Aspergillus flavus did not show sensitivity up to 1 mg/ml of essential oil; MICs ranged from 0.083 mg/ml to 0.208 mg/ml. Concentration and fungal species showed significant dose-dependent associations ( p < 0.0001 ) with antifungal activity. The MICs of essential oil were comparable to those of the standard drug (fluconazole) against C. glabrata and C. krusei. The lowest MFC of the essential oil was observed against Candida parapsilosis (0.145 mg/ml) while the highest MFC was against Candida krusei (0.667 mg/ml). Conclusion. Echinops kebericho essential oil showed noteworthy antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata and could be a potential candidate for further antifungal drug development.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Antifungal Activity and Structure-Activity Relationships of Vanillin Oxime-N-O-Alkanoates

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Ahluwalia ◽  
Nandini Garg ◽  
Birendra Kumar ◽  
Suresh Walia ◽  
Om P. Sati
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Acyl Chlorides ◽  
Acyl Chain Length

Vanillin oxime- N-O-alkanoates were synthesized following reaction of vanillin with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, followed by reaction of the resultant oxime with acyl chlorides. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectral data. The test compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against three phytopathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii by the poisoned food technique. The moderate antifungal activity of vanillin was slightly increased following its conversion to vanillin oxime, but significantly increased after conversion of the oxime to oxime- N-O-alkanoates. While vanillin oxime- N-O-dodecanoate with an EC50 value 73.1 μg/mL was most active against M. phaseolina, vanillin oxime- N-O-nonanoate with EC50 of value 66.7 μg/mL was most active against R. solani. The activity increased with increases in the acyl chain length and was maximal with an acyl chain length of nine carbons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document