Bifidobacterium breve MCC1274 with glycosidic activity enhances in vivo isoflavone bioavailability

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yao ◽  
C.B. Wong ◽  
K. Nakamura ◽  
E. Mitsuyama ◽  
A. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Intestinal Metabolism ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve

Polyphenols are plant derived compounds that exert many beneficial health effects to the human host. However, associated health benefits of dietary polyphenol are highly dependent on their intestinal metabolism, bioavailability, and absorption. Bifidobacteria, which represent the key members of gut microbiota, have been suggested to promote gut microbial homeostasis and may be involved in the metabolism of polyphenols. In this study, the capabilities of thirteen Bifidobacterium strains in hydrolysing polyphenol glycosides were evaluated. Among the tested strains, Bifidobacterium breve MCC1274 was found to possess the highest β-glucosidase activity and strong capability to convert daidzin and trans-polydatin to their aglycones; while kinetic analysis revealed that B. breve MCC1274 hydrolysed more than 50% of daidzin and trans-polydatin at less than 3 h of incubation. Further investigation using rats with an antibiotics-disturbed microbiome revealed that following the ingestion of daidzin glycoside, oral administration of B. breve MCC1274 significantly enhanced the plasma concentration of daidzein in rats pre-treated with antibiotics as compared to antibiotics-pre-treated control and non-treated control groups. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria and the total numbers of B. breve were also significantly higher in antibiotics-pre-treated rats administered with B. breve MCC1274 than that of the control groups. These findings suggest that B. breve MCC1274 is effective in enhancing the bioavailability of daidzein in the gut under dysbiosis conditions and may potentially improve intestinal absorption of isoflavones and promote human health.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 feeding of healthy newborn mice regulates immune responses while modulating gut microbiota and boosting beneficial metabolites

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. G824-G838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Liu ◽  
Xiangjun Tian ◽  
Baokun He ◽  
Thomas K. Hoang ◽  
Christopher M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Early Administration ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Breastfed Infants

Early administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR) prevents necrotizing enterocolitis and inhibits regulatory T-cell (Treg)-deficiency-associated autoimmunity in mice. In humans, LR reduces crying time in breastfed infants with colic, modifies severity in infants with acute diarrheal illnesses, and improves pain in children with functional bowel disorders. In healthy breastfed newborns with evolving microbial colonization, it is unclear if early administration of LR can modulate gut microbiota and their metabolites in such a way as to promote homeostasis. We gavaged LR (107 colony-forming units/day, daily) to C57BL/6J mice at age of day 8 for 2 wk. Both male and female mice were investigated in these experiments. We found that feeding LR did not affect clinical phenotype or inflammatory biomarkers in plasma and stool, but LR increased the proportion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the intestine. LR also increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of p_Firmicutes, f_Lachnospiraceae, f_Ruminococcaceae, and genera Clostridium and Candidatus arthromitus, while decreasing the relative abundance of p_Bacteriodetes, f_Bacteroidaceae, f_Verrucomicrobiaceae, and genera Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Akkermansia, and Sutterella. Finally, LR exerted a major impact on the plasma metabolome, upregulating amino acid metabolites formed via the urea, tricarboxylic acid, and methionine cycles and increasing tryptophan metabolism. In conclusion, early oral administration of LR to healthy breastfed mice led to microbial and metabolic changes which could be beneficial to general health. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Oral administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR) to healthy breastfed mice promotes intestinal immune tolerance and is linked to proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota. LR upregulates plasma metabolites that are involved in the urea cycle, the TCA cycle, methionine methylation, and the polyamine pathway. Herein, we show that LR given to newborn mice specifically increases levels of tryptophan metabolites and the purine nucleoside adenosine that are known to enhance tolerance to inflammatory stimuli.

Encapsulating Rifampicin into SLNs: A Viable Option for Managing its Bioavailability Issues Upon Co-Delivery with Isoniazid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-347
Author(s):  
Harinder Singh ◽  
Ruchi Sood ◽  
Tridib Chaira ◽  
Alka Khanna ◽  
Dilip J Upadhaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Solid Lipid

Background: Rifampicin is known to degrade at the acidic pH of the stomach, especially in the presence of isoniazid. Although isoniazid also degrades partially, its degradation is reversible. Objective: Presently, we provide a proof of the fact that the simultaneous oral administration of rifampicin (RIF), upon incorporation into solid lipid nanoparticles (RIF-SLNs), with isoniazid (INH) overcomes its INH-induced degradation and improves its oral bioavailability in rats. Methods: Solid lipid nanoparticles of RIF (RIF-SLNs) were prepared using a novel and patented method. The effect of INH was investigated on in vivo bioavailability of RIF both in its free and encapsulated (RIF-SLNs) form, after oral administration to rats. Results: Cmax and AUC0-∞ of RIF increased 158 % and 125 %, respectively, upon incorporation into SLNs versus free RIF when combined with INH. The Tmax decreased from 5.67 h to 3.3 h, and the plasma concentration of RIF remained above its MIC (8 μg/ml) at all the tested time points starting with 15 min, when administered as RIF-SLNs in combination with INH. Conclusions: The results confirm the scope of combining RIF-SLNs with INH to overcome the bioavailability of free RIF when combined with INH, especially in fixed dose combinations.

scholarly journals Enhanced Intestinal Absorption and Pharmacokinetic Modulation of Berberine and Its Metabolites through the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein and Intestinal Metabolism in Rats Using a Berberine Mixed Micelle Formulation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Mihwa Kwon ◽  
Dong Yu Lim ◽  
Chul Haeng Lee ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Jeon ◽  
Min-Koo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Mixed Micelle ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Intestinal Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Exposure ◽  
P Glycoprotein

We aimed to develop a berberine formulation to enhance the intestinal absorption and plasma concentrations of berberine through the inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux and the intestinal metabolism of berberine in rats. We used pluronic P85 (P85) and tween 80, which have the potential to inhibit P-gp and cytochrome P450s (i.e., CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4). A berberine-loaded mixed micelle formulation with ratios of berberine: P85: tween 80 of 1:5:0.5 (w/w/w) was developed. This berberine mixed micelle formulation had a mean size of 12 nm and increased the cellular accumulation of digoxin via P-gp inhibition. It also inhibited berberine metabolism in rat intestinal microsomes, without significant cytotoxicity, up to a berberine concentration of 100 μM. Next, we compared the pharmacokinetics of berberine and its major metabolites in rat plasma following the oral administration of the berberine formulation (50 mg/kg) in rats with the oral administration of berberine alone (50 mg/kg). The plasma exposure of berberine was significantly greater in rats administered the berberine formulation compared to rats administered only berberine, which could be attributed to the increased berberine absorption by inhibiting the P-gp-mediated berberine efflux and intestinal berberine metabolism by berberine formulation. In conclusion, we successfully prepared berberine mixed micelle formulation using P85 and tween 80 that has inhibitory potential for P-gp and CYPs (CYP2C19, 2D6, and 3A4) and increased the berberine plasma exposure. Therefore, a mixed micelle formulation strategy with P85 and tween 80 for drugs with high intestinal first-pass effects could be applied to increase the oral absorption and plasma concentrations of the drugs.

scholarly journals Antidepressants fluoxetine and amitriptyline induce alterations in intestinal microbiota and gut microbiome function in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Zhang ◽  
Wan Qu ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
He Yan
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAntidepressant medications are known to modulate the central nervous system, and gut microbiota can play a role in depression via microbiota–gut–brain axis. But the impact of antidepressants on gut microbiota function and composition remains poorly understood. Thus this study assessed the effect of serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant fluoxetine (Flu) and tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline (Ami) administration on gut microbiota composition, diversity, and species abundance, along with microbial function in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression rat model. Oral administration of Ami and Flu significantly altered the overall gut microbiota profile of CUMS-induced rats, as assessed using the permutational multivariate analysis of variance test. At the phylum level, 6-week of antidepressant treatment led to a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio due to an enhanced Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes relative abundance. Flu was more potent than Ami at altering the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes levels in the CUMS rats. At the family level, both antidepressants significantly increased the abundance of Porphyromonadaceae. However, an increased Bacteroidaceae level was significantly associated with Ami, not Flu treatment. Furthermore, at the genus level, an increase in the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas, and Alistipes was observed following Ami and Flu treatment. Subsequent metagenomics and bioinformatics analysis further indicated that Ami and Flu likely also modulated metabolic pathways, such as those involved in carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, and signal transduction. Additionally, both antidepressants affected antibiotic resistome, such as for aminoglycoside (aph3iiiA), multidrug (mdtK, mdtP, mdtH, mdtG, acrA), and tetracycline (tetM) resistance in CUMS rats. These data clearly illustrated the direct impact of oral administration of Flu and Ami on the gut microbiome, thus set up the foundation to reveal more insights on the therapeutic function of the antidepressants and their overall contribution to host health.

scholarly journals The ProbioticBifidobacterium breveB632 Inhibited the Growth ofEnterobacteriaceaewithin Colicky Infant Microbiota Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Simone ◽  
Caterina Gozzoli ◽  
Andrea Quartieri ◽  
Giuseppe Mazzola ◽  
Diana Di Gioia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Continuous Cultures ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Pcr Fingerprinting ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Infant Colic

Infant colic is a common gastrointestinal disorder of newborns, mostly related to imbalances in the composition of gut microbiota and particularly to the presence of gas-producing coliforms and to lower levels of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Probiotics could help to contain this disturbance, with formulations consisting ofLactobacillusstrains being the most utilized. In this work, the probiotic strainBifidobacterium breveB632 that was specifically selected for its ability to inhibit gas-producing coliforms, was challenged against theEnterobacteriaceaewithin continuous cultures of microbiota from a 2-month-old colicky infant. As confirmed by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting,B. breveB632 persisted in probiotic-supplemented microbiota cultures, accounting for the 64% of Bifidobacteria at the steady state. The probiotic succeeded in inhibiting coliforms, since FISH and qPCR revealed that the amount ofEnterobacteriaceaeafter 18 h of cultivation was 0.42 and 0.44 magnitude orders lower(P<0.05)in probiotic-supplemented microbiota cultures than in the control ones. These results support the possibility to move to another level of study, that is, the administration ofB. breveB632 to a cohort of colicky newborns, in order to observe the behavior of this strainin vivoand to validate its effect in colic treatment.

A prebiotic-enhanced lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNSp) increases Bifidobacterium relative abundance and enhances short-chain fatty acid production in simulated colonic microbiota from undernourished infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laeticia Celine Toe ◽  
Frederiek-Maarten Kerckhof ◽  
Jana De Bodt ◽  
Fanny B Morel ◽  
Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Nutrient Supplement

ABSTRACT Undernutrition remains a public health problem in the developing world with an attributable under-five death proportion of 45%. Lower gut microbiota diversity and poor metabolic output are associated with undernutrition and new therapeutic paths may come from steering gut microbiota composition and functionality. Using a dynamic gut model, the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®), we investigated the effect of a lipid-based nutrient supplement enriched with prebiotics (LNSp), compared to LNS alone and control treatment, on the composition and metabolic functionality of fecal microbiota from three infants suffering from undernutrition. LNS elicited a significant increase in acetate and branched-chain fatty acid production, and a higher relative abundance of the genera Prevotella, Megasphaera, Acinetobacter, Acidaminococcus and Pseudomonas. In contrast, LNSp treatment resulted in a significant 9-fold increase in Bifidobacterium relative abundance and a decrease in that of potential pathogens and detrimental bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae spp. and Bilophila sp. Moreover, the LNSp treatment resulted in a significantly higher production of acetate, butyrate and propionate, as compared to control and LNS. Our results suggest that provision of prebiotic-enhanced LNS to undernourished children could be a possible strategy to steer the microbiota toward a more beneficial composition and metabolic activity. Further in vivo investigations are needed to assess these effects and their repercussion on nutritional status.

scholarly journals Selection strategy of dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute or chronic colitis mouse models based on gut microbial profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Ming Xu ◽  
Hong-Li Huang ◽  
Yan-Di Liu ◽  
Jia-Qi Zhu ◽  
You-Lian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Chronic Colitis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Colitis Model

Abstract Background Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) replicates ulcerative colitis (UC)-like colitis in murine models. However, the microbial characteristics of DSS-triggered colitis require further clarification. To analyze the changes in gut microbiota associated with DSS-induced acute and chronic colitis. Methods Acute colitis was induced in mice by administering 3% DSS for 1 week in the drinking water, and chronic colitis was induced by supplementing drinking water with 2.5% DSS every other week for 5 weeks. Control groups received the same drinking water without DSS supplementation. The histopathological score and length of the colons, and disease activity index (DAI) were evaluated to confirm the presence of experimental colitis. Intestinal microbiota was profiled by 16S rDNA sequencing of cecal content. Results Mice with both acute and chronic DSS-triggered colitis had significantly higher DAI and colon histopathological scores in contrast to the control groups (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), and the colon was remarkably shortened (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001). The gut microbiota α-diversity was partly downregulated in both acute and chronic colitis groups in contrast to their respective control groups (Pielou index P = 0.0022, P = 0.0649; Shannon index P = 0.0022, P = 0.0931). The reduction in the Pielou and Shannon indices were more obvious in mice with acute colitis (P = 0.0022, P = 0.0043). The relative abundance of Bacteroides and Turicibacter was increased (all P < 0.05), while that of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Ruminiclostridium, Rikenella, Alistipes, Alloprevotella, and Butyricicoccus was significantly decreased after acute DSS induction (all P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Helicobacter, Parabacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium, Turicibacter and Romboutsia was also markedly increased (all P < 0.05), and that of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Enterorhabdus, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Butyricicoccus, Ruminiclostridium_6, Muribaculum, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, Family_XIII_UCG-001 and Flavonifractor was significantly decreased after chronic DSS induction (all P < 0.05). Conclusion DSS-induced acute and chronic colitis demonstrated similar symptoms and histopathological changes. The changes in the gut microbiota of the acute colitis model were closer to that observed in UC. The acute colitis model had greater abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria and lower α-diversity compared to the chronic colitis model.

Calcium Metabolism in Children Suffering from Homozygous ß-Thalassaemia after Oral Administration of 47Ca

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Liakakos ◽  
P. Ylachos ◽  
Ch. Anoussakis ◽  
C. Constantinides ◽  
I. Tsakalosos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Calcium Metabolism

SummaryThe study of calcium metabolism in ten thalassaemic children comperatively with controls after oral administration of 47Ca has shown diminished intestinal absorption. It is suggested that this finding is propably related in part with the pathogenesis of the osteoporosis in thalassaemia.

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