Relationships Between Grain Yield, Organic Matter Digestibility, Crude Protein, Ash Concentration and Water Soluble Carbohydrates in Non-Irrigated Cereals Which are Used as Animal Feeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetin Palta ◽  
Ufuk Karadavut ◽  
Oktay Okur ◽  
Zuhal Kavurmaci
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Animal Feeds ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

scholarly journals Variation of Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Grain Yield in Iranian Cold Barley Promising Lines Under Well-Watered and Water Stress Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Soleiman Mohammadi ◽  
Reza Kas Nazani ◽  
Ayda Hosseinzadeh Mahootchi ◽  
Keiwan Ftohi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

ABSTRACT In order to evaluate promising lines in terms of grain yield and water-soluble carbohydrates remobiliza-tion, an experiment with fifteen promising lines and two checks was carried out under full irrigation and terminal water stress conditions at Miyandoab Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Station. Mobilized dry matter content and remobilization percentage from shoot to grain under water deficit (177mg)(11.2%) were greater than those under well watering condition. The lowest (110 mg) and the highest (260mg) mobilized dry matter to grain were obtained for C-79-18 and C-83-15lines, respectively. Water deficit reduced grain yield of barley genotypes by 200-1600 kg/ha, and mean grain yield reduction was 800 kg/ha. Line 14 with 5.880and 5.300t/ha grain yield in favorable and water stress conditions was superior to the other lines. Under water deficit condition, line 14 had greater grain yieldby20% and 38% than the Bahman and Makouee cultivars, respectively. The results showed that greater grain yield in tolerant lines under water deficit was due to remobilization of unstructured carbohydrates from shoot to grain. Thus, it seems that selection of lines with higher translocated dry matter and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilate in grain filling under water stress, the suitable way for achieving genotypes with high grain yield under water stress condition.

9.7 Effect of Ensiling on the Release of Soluble Carbohydrates and Nitrogen During Eating and its Relationship to Intake and Nitrogen Retention

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 187-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Austin ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The object of the experiment to be reported was to determine the extent to which intake and eating behaviour are influenced by differences in the ratio of nitrogen (N) to water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in the feed and the liquid phase of boli obtained from oesophageal fistulae. Four feeds were chosen as being likely to cover a range of N to WSC ratios in the liquid phase; these were frozen lucerne, lucerne silage, grass silage and grass silage treated with formaldehyde (46 g/100 g crude protein).

Utilization of nitrogen- and mineral-rich vascular forage plants by reindeer in winter

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. STOREHEIER ◽  
S. D. MATHIESEN ◽  
N. J. C. TYLER ◽  
I. SCHJELDERUP ◽  
M. A. OLSEN
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The marginal winter pastures of reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Arctic and sub-Arctic areas are assumed to be nitrogen- and mineral-poor. Reindeer eat a mixed diet consisting of nitrogen-deficient lichens and a wide variety of vascular plants in winter. Some reindeer populations manage to maintain carcass mass outside the growing season and very little is known about the ability of reindeer to utilize vascular plants in this season. The chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of 17 species of vascular forage plants and one species of moss collected mid-winter from beneath the snow at an inland winter pasture in northern Norway were determined. Wintergreen parts of graminoids had a high content of crude protein (0.072–0.108 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and water-soluble carbohydrates (0.098–0.167 g/kg DM) and were highly digestible (50–65% IVDMD) compared with the withered parts of the plants (27–53% IVDMD). The digestibility of both shrubs and graminoids was inversely related to content of cellulose and lignin, but positively correlated with increasing contents of water-soluble carbohydrates. Shrubs were relatively calcium-rich (3.6–6.1 g/kg DM) while wintergreen graminoids contained up to 10.0 g/kg DM of potassium, 1.5 g/kg DM magnesium and 2.1 g/kg DM phosphorus. The present study demonstrates that the wintergreen parts of several species of vascular plants are nutritious, containing high levels of nitrogen and minerals, and that they are highly digestible to reindeer in winter. Vascular plants may, therefore, be more important to reindeer and caribou in winter than previously realized.

scholarly journals The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian J. Moscoso ◽  
Sarah A. Morgan ◽  
M. Jordana Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The objective of this study was to assess the joint effect of perennial ryegrass cultivars and drying methods on concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) and WSC/CP ratio. AberMagic AR1 and Expo AR1 forage were collected in December 2016, March, June, September and November 2017 and either oven-dried at 60 °C for 48 h (OD_60), at 80 °C for 16 h (OD_80), frozen at −80 °C for 48 h then freeze-dried (−80_FD), or flash-frozen with liquid N then freeze-dried (LN_FD). Data were analyzed by ANOVA in a factorial design with cultivar and drying method as factors. AberMagic AR1 had between 9.0 to 31.5% higher WSC concentration than Expo AR1 in the four samplings. Freeze-drying preserved more WSC than oven-drying treatments (+22.7%), particularly in June. The CP concentration of Expo AR1 was higher only in December (+6.8%), and was 22.9 and 10.9% higher in OD_60 samples compared to LN_FD samples in December and November, respectively. The WSC/CP ratio varied in June, being greater in AberMagic AR1 (+36.1%). Drying method affected WSC/CP ratio in December, June and November where freeze-drying produced greater ratios. Drying techniques generated differences in WSC, CP and WSC/CP ratio, which may affect the accuracy of the estimated impacts of forages on productivity and N use efficiency.

scholarly journals Content of water-soluble carbohydrates as a quality indicator of cryogenic soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Bedernichek T. ◽  
Рartyka Т.
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Organic Matter ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Cryogenic Soils ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Zonal Soils

The content of water-soluble organic matter in the soil is an important indicator of its quality and affects physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. This indicator is widely used for assessment of most zonal soils. However, in some cases, accumulation rates of water-soluble organic compounds in soil may significantly exceed the rate of their destruction. If so, it is more important to quantify not only the fraction of water-soluble organic matter as a whole but also to determine its composition. In this context, it is important to determine the content of the most labile and available for microorganisms compound – water-soluble carbohydrates. In this paper, the content of water-soluble carbohydrates and water-soluble organic matter in soils of Coastal Antarctica was estimated. Soils under three different plant communities were studied. We found that water-soluble organic matter of studied soils may contain up to 50% of carbohydrates. Hence, further research is needed to study other soils of Coastal Antarctica to determine their vulnerability to global climate change

scholarly journals The composition of pasture grasses at the university farm Viik

1965 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Maija-Liisa Salo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Heading Stage

During the grazing seasons of the years 1961—63 determinations were made on the contents of monosaccharides, sucrose, fructosan, crude protein and ash in various grass species. In 1961 cocksfoot and meadow grass were investigated, in 1962 meadow fescue was included and in 1963 also timothy. Weather observations were also made during the seasons. The following results were established: At the beginning of the grazing season the contents of water-soluble carbohydrates in all the grasses were at a high level, reaching a maximum of slightly over 20 % of the dry matter. This high-sugar level lasted from one to four weeks, depending on the temperature, until the plants began to form flowering heads. At the heading stage the total amount of water-soluble carbohydrates decreased to nearly half of the previous level. During the remainder of the grazing season, or for 3—3 ½ months, the total sugar content was about 8—13 % of the dry matter, dropping sometimes, however, to as low as 6 %. At the end of the dry summer of 1963, higher contents than usual were determined. There were no great differences in the total contents of water-soluble carbohydrates between the different grass species. From the highest to the lowest sugar content, the species were: meadow fescue, meadow grass, cocksfoot. In fact timothy should be ranged as the first but this grass was not sampled from the pasture paddocks. Of the various water-soluble carbohydrates, the sucrose fraction was the largest in most of the samples. Cocksfoot contained less fructosan than the other grasses, and at the heading stage its content of monosaccharides was very high. Of the three years of the study, two were rainy and one was dry. In spite of the differing weather conditions, however, no noteworthy differences in the water-soluble carbohydrate contents were observed. The crude protein content was found to be dependent upon the growth stage. No appreciable differences were observed between cocksfoot, meadow grass and meadow fescue. Timothy, on the other hand, had a lower content of both protein and ash than the three pasture grasses. Contents of cell-wall substances were generally alike during the pasture season. Notable exceptions were evident only in the cases where the samples represented grass at an early growth stage. Meadow grass contained slightly more cell-wall constituents than cocksfoot, e. g. its xylan and crude lignin contents were somewhat higher. Furthermore, the solubility of such constituents in weak acid was slightly less for meadow grass than for cocksfoot.

The Impact of Tedding on Alfalfa Nutritive Value in a Silage Production System

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Hartfield ◽  
Matthew Francis Digman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
List Type ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
The Impact

HighlightsTedding alfalfa reduced moisture content by 108 g kg-1 on a wet basis over a 24 h period.Tedding increased water soluble carbohydrates in harvested alfalfa which could improve silage nutritive value.Tedded alfalfa had similar or lower ash content compared to non-tedded alfalfa.Tedding did not have an observable impact on total digestible nutrients.Abstract. Two treatments, tedded and untedded, were applied to an alfalfa field to determine their impact on the nutritive value of the resulting harvested forage. The tedded treatment area was tedded immediately after the cutting, and the untedded treatment was left in its original 1.5 m width windrow. The tedded alfalfa dried faster (p = 0.001) than the untedded in all cuttings. When results were averaged across the three cuttings, crude protein (p = 0.006), water soluble carbohydrates (p = 0.05), and ash content (p < 0.001) were also observed to be different. The tedded treatment had a 6 g kg-1 lower crude protein content, a 9 g kg-1 higher water soluble carbohydrate content and an 8 g kg-1 lower ash content than the untedded treatment. A difference was not observed between the treatments for neutral detergent fiber (p = 0.49) or total digestible nutrients (p = 0.89). Producers can rely on a tedding intervention to hasten alfalfa drying for silage production while having a minimal impact on forage nutritive value. Keywords: Alfalfa, Forage nutritive value, Medicago sativa, Tedder

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