scholarly journals Effect of leaf and fruit extracts of Schinus molle on oxidative stability of some vegetables oils under accelerated oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
A. F.N. Volpini-Klein ◽  
C. A.A. Silva ◽  
S. S.L. Fernandes ◽  
C. L. Nicolau ◽  
C. A.L. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Induction Period ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Rancimat Method ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation

The most highly recommended oils for the diet are those which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. However, the presence of these components in the oils is related to oxidation, which can be determined by the induction period. Further safety and the prolongation of the storage period for such oils can be achieved by the addition of efficient antioxidants, which today are preferably from natural sources. In order to contribute to the related research, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Schinus molle extracts compared to synthetic antioxidants (BHT) in delaying the oxidation of some vegetable oils. The results of the present study showed that the fruit and leaf extracts of Schinus molle presented activities and potential for being used as antioxidants in vegetable oils based on the tested methods (DPPH and ABTS). The extracts were also characterized as containing phenolic compounds by the Folin Ciocalteau method and by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The action of the extracts as natural antioxidants was proven in the vegetal oils of chia (Salvia hispanica) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) by the Rancimat method. It was observed that the oils increased their resistance to oxidation when incorporated with the extracts of Schinus molle, and the extract from the leaves increased the induction period of peanut oil by more than three hours (from 19.5 to 22.9 hours) with an extract concentration of 2.5%. The fruit extract was more efficient in delaying the oxidation of chia oil, prolonging its induction period by more than one hour with a concentration of 2.5% (from 3.1 to 4.3 hours). According to the results, the extracts of Schinus molle have favorable properties for possible use as an additive which inhibits the oxidation process of the tested vegetables oils.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Time on the Physicochemical Properties of Waste Fish Oils and Used Cooking Vegetable Oils

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Nina Bruun ◽  
Fiseha Tesfaye ◽  
Jarl Hemming ◽  
Meheretu Jaleta Dirbeba ◽  
Leena Hupa
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Renewable Fuels ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

Waste fish oils (FOs) and used cooking vegetable oils (UCOs) are increasingly becoming alternative renewable fuels. However, different physicochemical aspects of these renewable fuels, including the effect of storage, are not well-known. In this work, the effect of the storage period on physicochemical properties of selected samples of FOs and UCOs was investigated. The bio-oils were stored at 4 °C for up to five years before each experimentation. The chemical properties were characterized using capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and high-performance size exclusion chromatography including an evaporative light scattering detector (HPSEC-ELSD). Water contents and acid numbers of the bio-oils were determined using the Karl Fischer (KF) titration and the ASTM D 664 methods. Furthermore, the average heating values and surface tension of the bio-oils were determined. According to the results obtained, for all bio-oil types, the concentrations of polymerized triglycerides, diglycerides, and fatty acids and monoglycerides had increased during the storage periods. The physical properties of the bio-oils also showed a small variation as a function of the storage period. The overall results observed indicate that the deterioration of the physicochemical properties of bio-oils can be controlled through storage in dark, dry, and cold conditions.

scholarly journals Oxidative stability of edible oils via addition of pomegranate and orange peel extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam Abd-Allah ◽  
Islam Abd-Allah ◽  
Mohamed Rabie ◽  
Mohamed Rabie ◽  
Abdelrahman Sulieman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Rancimat Method ◽  
Peel Extract

The main objective of the present study was to improve the oxidative stability of sunflower oil (SFO) and soybean oil (SBO). The aqueous ethanol extracts (80% ethanol) of pomegranate and Baladi orange peels were used as natural antioxidants at concentrations of 800 and 1,200 ppm in SFO and SBO in comparison to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Their antioxidant activities were estimated via the Rancimat method and over 24 days of storage at 65°C. The effect of extracts on the stability of sunflower and soybean oils during the storage period was studied by measuring the peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD) at 232 nm, conjugated trienes (CT) at 270 nm, free fatty acids (FFAs), iodine value (IV), and the refractive index (RI). A great difference in PVs was observed between the control sample and the oil samples containing natural extracts which slowed the rate of peroxide formation. Generally, the results showed that during the storage period at 65°C, the conjugated diene formation followed a similar pattern relative to PV accumulation. The PV, CD, CT, FFA, and RI values of SFO and SBO containing a pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and Baladi orange peel extract (BOPE) at concentrations of 800 and 1,200 ppm were lower than those of SFO and SBO containing 200 ppm BHT, and this trend became apparent during the storage period. The rate of reduction of IV in the control was higher than that in SFO and SBO containing both synthetic and natural antioxidants. These findings confirmed that the natural antioxidants under investigation could be used as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants to improve the oxidative stability of edible oils in the food industry.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stability of Acylated and Hydrogenated Ricinoleates Using Synthetic and Natural Antioxidants

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Murilo T. Luna ◽  
Davi Costa Salmin ◽  
Vanessa S. Santiago ◽  
Francisco J. N. Maia ◽  
Francisco O. N. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Induction Times ◽  
Esterification Reactions

As increasing environmental policies constrains are imposed, the demand for biodegradable products also increases. Although vegetable oils present some properties that favor its use for formulation of a bio-based lubricant, its poor resistance to oxidation hinders its application as such. In this study, the thermo-oxidative stability of bio-based products was compared to petroleum-based lubricants and vegetable oils through the PetroOXY method. Chemical modifications in the ricinoleic acids were carried out using long-chain alcohols in esterification reactions. Acetates were obtained from ricinoleates with and without hydrogenation steps. Additionally, commercial antioxidants and phenolic compounds (saturated and unsaturated cardanol) obtained from cashew nut shell liquid were added to the synthesized samples with higher induction times. The results show that the chemically modified bio-based products exhibited improved oxidative stability (up to 6 times) and depressed pour point (−42°C) when compared to pure castor oil. Overall, the addition of antioxidants increased from 6 to 20 times the oxidative stability of the bio-based products. Propyl gallate and saturated cardanol showed higher efficiency for retarding the oxidative process of bio-based samples than the commercial antioxidants.

Advances in the Chromatographic Separation and Determination of Bioactive Compounds for Assessing the Nutrient Profile of Nuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa P. Kalogiouri ◽  
Natalia Manousi ◽  
Erwin Rosenberg ◽  
George A. Zachariadis ◽  
Victoria F. Samanidou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Background:: Nuts have been incorporated into guidelines for healthy eating since they contain considerable amounts of antioxidants and their effects are related to health benefits since they contribute to the prevention of nutritional deficiencies. The micronutrient characterization is based mainly on the determination of phenolics which is the most abundant class of bioactive compounds in nuts. Terpenes constitute another class of bioactive compounds that are present in nuts and show high volatility. The analysis of phenolic compounds and terpenes are very demanding tasks that require optimization of the chromatographic conditions to improve the separation of the components. Moreover, nuts are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and they are therefore considered as cardioprotective. Gas chromatography is the predominant instrumental analytical technique for the determination of derivatized fatty acids and terpenes in food matrices, while high performance liquid chromatography is currently the most popular technique for the determination of phenolic compounds Objective:: This review summarizes all the recent advances in the optimization of the chromatographic conditions for the determination of phenolic compounds, fatty acids and terpenes in nuts Conclusion:: The state-of-the art in the technology available is critically discussed, exploring new analytical approaches to reduce the time of analysis and improve the performance of the chromatographic systems in terms of precision, reproducibility, limits of detection and quantification and overall quality of the results

Determining the Rate of Ergot-alkaloid Degradation in Toxic Endophyte-infected Tall Fescue Hay and Haylage During Long Term Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Charles A Zumbaugh ◽  
Susannah A Gonia ◽  
Kathryn M Payne ◽  
Thomas B Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Ergot Alkaloid ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit

Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to determine changes in the nutritive value and ergot alkaloid concentrations of endophyte-infected tall fescue hay and haylage during a 180-d storage period. Forage from a single field of Kentucky-31 tall fescue was cut for hay in late June and allowed to dry in the field. The dry matter (DM) of the windrow of cut forage was measured every 2 h after clipping. Forage was sampled from the windrow in 6 location blocks once forage DM reached target levels for haylage and hay treatments. Haylage and hay samples were taken when the DM of the windrow reached 50% and 80%, respectively. Seven subsamples of each treatment within block were chopped to 1.91 cm in length with a lettuce chopper and vacuum sealed in oxygen-excluding bags. Sample bags were stored indoors and opened at 30 d intervals over the 180-d storage period. Samples were analyzed for pH, nutritive value, and individual ergot alkaloid concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography. Within each storage day, treatment within block was considered the experimental unit. Data were analyzed in SAS using the MIXED procedure with fixed effects of treatment, day, and the treatment by day interaction. Location block was considered a random effect. As expected, pH was decreased for haylage compared to hay at all time points (P < 0.01) and DM was greater (P < 0.01) for hay compared to haylage. Neutral detergent fiber values were greater (P < 0.01) for hay compared to haylage and declined during storage (P < 0.01). Total ergot alkaloid concentrations did not differ by treatment (P = 0.61), but ergovaline concentrations declined (P < 0.01) during storage. Collectively, these results indicate minimal differences in nutritive value and ergot alkaloid concentrations between hay and haylage during storage, and that ergovaline concentrations decline during storage.

scholarly journals Effects of Natural Antioxidants on Phospholipid and Ceramide Profiles of 3D-Cultured Skin Fibroblasts Exposed to UVA or UVB Radiation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gęgotek ◽  
Wojciech Łuczaj ◽  
Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the primary factors responsible for disturbances in human skin cells phospholipid metabolism. Natural compounds that are commonly used to protect skin, due to their lipophilic or hydrophilic nature, show only a narrow range of cytoprotective activity, which prompts research on their combined application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of ascorbic acid and rutin on the phospholipid and ceramide profiles in UV-irradiated fibroblasts cultured in a three-dimensional system that approximates the culture conditions to the dermis. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used for phospholipid and ceramide profiling. As a result of UVA and UVB cells irradiation, upregulation of phosphatidylcholines, ceramides, and downregulation of sphingomyelins were observed, while treatment with ascorbic acid and rutin of UVA/UVB-irradiated fibroblast promoted these changes to provide cells a stronger response to stress. Moreover, an upregulation of phosphatidylserines in cells exposed to UVB and treated with both antioxidants suggests the stimulation of UV-damaged cells apoptosis. Our findings provide new insight into action of rutin and ascorbic acid on regulation of phospholipid metabolism, which improves dermis fibroblast membrane properties.

scholarly journals Cytokinin Mediated Increased In Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolites with Special Reference to Solasodine in Solanum erianthum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. e62-e68
Author(s):  
Jeeta Sarkar ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

AbstractSteroid alkaloid solasodine is a nitrogen analogue of diosgenin and has great importance in the production of steroidal medicines. Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae) is a good source of solasodine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cytokinins on the production of secondary metabolites, especially solasodine in the in vitro culture of S. erianthum. For solasodine estimation, field-grown plant parts and in vitro tissues were extracted thrice and subjected to high-performance liquid Chromatography. Quantitative analysis of different secondary metabolites showed that the amount was higher in the in vitro regenerated plantlets compared to callus and field-grown plants. The present study critically evaluates the effect of the type of cytokinin used in the culture medium on solasodine accumulation in regenerated plants. The highest solasodine content (46.78±3.23 mg g-1) was recorded in leaf extracts of the in vitro grown plantlets in the presence of 6-γ,γ-dimethylallylamino purine in the culture medium and the content was 3.8-fold higher compared to the mother plant.

A rapid and highly sensitive method for simultaneous determination of bioactive constituents in leaf extracts of six Ocimum species using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-hybrid linear ion trap triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Pandey ◽  
Preeti Chandra ◽  
Brijesh Kumar ◽  
Bhupender Dutt ◽  
Kulwant Rai Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Linear Ion Trap ◽  
Quadrupole Mass ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Ocimum Species

Ocimum species have tremendous value in pharmaceutical, perfumery, food processing and cosmetic industries, also in traditional rituals and medicines.

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