Specific Surface Area Measurements of Carbon Black by Adsorption Methods

Abstract 1. The various tint tests correlate with each other—it does not make much difference which of the three procedures is used. The discrimination between similar blacks is comparable. Specific surface areas obtained by the three methods are comparable and differences appear to be due to experimental errors. (Compare Figures 5–7). 2. Surface areas larger than some 90 to 100 m2/g cannot be reliably determined from tint strength measurements alone. 3. Structure exerts a pronounced effect on tint strength of furnace blacks, especially above 90 to 100 m2/g. Porosity and/or composition are apparently also variables which affect tinting strength. 4. Densichron reflectance on the dry carbon black can be used to estimate specific surface areas up to about 140 m2/g; but, since theabsoluteerrorincreases as the specific surface area increases, this method loses some of its reliability at values above about 110 m2/g. The relative error in reflectance determinations does not vary greatly over the furnace-black range. Densichron reflectance is influenced by composition, evidently due to composition-related differences in optical properties of the carbons. 5. In CTAB adsorption measurements, titration errors and handling errors tend to be rather constant for blacks of different surface area. Hence, CTAB permits better discrimination among blacks of small particle size. 6. The errors in Densichron reflectance surface area increase with specific surface area. Hence, the deviations between CTAB and reflectance surface area which are due to experimental error increase with the surface area of the sample.

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A Case Study of Waste Scrap Tyre-Derived Carbon Black Tested for Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, and Cyclohexane Adsorption

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25194445 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (19) ◽

pp. 4445 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zuzana Jankovská ◽

Marek Večeř ◽

Ivan Koutník ◽

Lenka Matějová

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Sorption Capacity ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Pyrolytic Carbon ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Wide Range

Waste scrap tyres were thermally decomposed at the temperature of 600 °C and heating rate of 10 °C·min−1. Decomposition was followed by the TG analysis. The resulting pyrolytic carbon black was chemically activated by a KOH solution at 800 °C. Activated and non-activated carbon black were investigated using high pressure thermogravimetry, where adsorption isotherms of N2, CO2, and cyclohexane were determined. Isotherms were determined over a wide range of pressure, 0.03–4.5 MPa for N2 and 0.03–2 MPa for CO2. In non-activated carbon black, for the same pressure and temperature, a five times greater gas uptake of CO2 than N2 was determined. Contrary to non-activated carbon black, activated carbon black showed improved textural properties with a well-developed irregular mesoporous-macroporous structure with a significant amount of micropores. The sorption capacity of pyrolytic carbon black was also increased by activation. The uptake of CO2 was three times and for cyclohexane ten times higher in activated carbon black than in the non-activated one. Specific surface areas evaluated from linearized forms of Langmuir isotherm and the BET isotherm revealed that for both methods, the values are comparable for non-activated carbon black measured by CO2 and for activated carbon black measured by cyclohexane. It was found out that the N2 sorption capacity of carbon black depends only on its specific surface area size, contrary to CO2 sorption capacity, which is affected by both the size of specific surface area and the nature of carbon black.

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Characterization of Carbon Black Structure by Mercury Penetration

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3544795 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 805-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L. Moscou ◽

S. Lub ◽

O. K. F. Bussemaker

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Mercury Porosimetry ◽

Normal Structure ◽

Break Point ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Structure Index ◽

High Structure

Abstract The determination of the chain-structure of carbon black by mercury porosimetry is described. It is shown that each type of black has its own porosity curve, depending on specific surface area and degree of structure. An absolute measure for the degree of structure is proposed: The “Structure Index”, calculated from the break point in the porosity curve, the specific surface area and the density of the black. Structure Index for structureless blacks is 1.0 – 1.1, for low structure blacks 1.7 – 1.9, for normal structure blacks 2.3 – 2.4 and for high structure blacks 2.7 – 2.8.

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Study on the Preparing of Nanowhite Carbon Black by Silica Fume

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.554 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 423-426 ◽

pp. 554-559 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xin Zhi ◽

Zhan Cheng Guo

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Silica Fume ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Particle Diameter ◽

Complete Response ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

Precipitated Silica

This research through the study on the properties of silicon dust, put forward in combination with lime kiln tail gas recycling carbon dioxide, preparation of precipitated silica (nanoWhite Carbon Black) of high value utilization technology, and studied and summarized process of the dissolution and precipitation by carbon dioxide. The silica fume is in amorphous form, and it has some special powder properties such as ultra fine grain size and high specific surface area and high chemical activity, these provide favorable foundation for low energy consumption process of recycling the powder. In the dissolution stage, the optimization reaction time is about 40 minutes, this time to complete the process of the reaction more than 90%. And the reaction is the fastest in the first 20 minutes, complete response 75% of the reaction. In the stage of carbonization, with increase of the concentration of the precursor, the particle diameter becomes larger, but the specific surface area of the powder will reduce, the porosity and the surface activity of it will reduce corresponding.

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Discussion of thermodynamic data obtained by adsorption gas chromatography of hydrocarbons on a new graphitized carbon black with a high specific surface area

Chromatographia ◽

10.1007/bf02490484 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 51 (7-8) ◽

pp. 455-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. R. Mastrogiacomo ◽

E. Pierini

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Thermodynamic Data ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Graphitized Carbon

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Specific Surface Area Measurements on Carbon Black

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3544809 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 1287-1296 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Jay Janzen ◽

Gerard Kraus

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Optical Reflectance ◽

Carbon Blacks ◽

Adsorption Of Nitrogen

Abstract Various methods for estimating specific areas of carbon blacks are compared. These include the electron microscope count, methods based on adsorption of nitrogen, iodine and surfactants, and optical reflectance tests.

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Pore structure of pyrolyzed scrap tires

Chemical Papers ◽

10.2478/s11696-007-0083-7 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zuzana Koreňová ◽

Juma Haydary ◽

Július Annus ◽

Jozef Markoš ◽

L’udovít Jelemenský

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Pore Structure ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Nitrogen Flow ◽

Solid Matter ◽

Scrap Tires ◽

Different Temperatures

AbstractInternal structure of carbon black produced by pyrolysis (CBp) of rubber samples from the top and bottom parts of sidewall and tread of a passenger car tire was investigated in nitrogen flow at different temperatures. The pore structure (specific surface area, pore size distribution, and porosity) of CBp and commercial CB, was compared. The development of pore structure and the increase of the specific surface area were most intensive during the thermal decomposition at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 500°C. This is caused by the intensive release of volatiles during the pyrolysis. After the pyrolysis was finished, at temperatures above 500°C, further decomposition of solid matter was associated with a slight increase of the specific surface area.

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Endowing Acceptable Mechanical Properties of Segregated Conductive Polymer Composites with Enhanced Filler-Matrix Interfacial Interactions by Incorporating High Specific Surface Area Nanosized Carbon Black

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11082074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2074

Author(s):

Huibin Cheng ◽

Xiaoli Sun ◽

Baoquan Huang ◽

Liren Xiao ◽

Qinghua Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Conductive Polymer ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

Emi Shielding ◽

Interfacial Interactions ◽

Emi Se

Tuning the high properties of segregated conductive polymer materials (CPCs) by incorporating nanoscale carbon fillers has drawn increasing attention in the industry and academy fields, although weak interfacial interaction of matrix-filler is a daunting challenge for high-loading CPCs. Herein, we present a facile and efficient strategy for preparing the segregated conducting ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites with acceptable mechanical properties. The interfacial interactions, mechanical properties, electrical properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of the UHMWPE/conducting carbon black (CCB) composites were investigated. The morphological and Raman mapping results showed that UHMWPE/high specific surface area CCB (h-CCB) composites demonstrate an obviously interfacial transition layer and strongly interfacial adhesion, as compared to UHMWPE/low specific surface area CCB (l-CCB) composites. Consequently, the high-loading UHMWPE/h-CCB composite (beyond 10 wt% CCB dosage) exhibits higher strength and elongation at break than the UHMWPE/l-CCB composite. Moreover, due to the formation of a densely stacked h-CCB network under the enhanced filler-matrix interfacial interactions, UHMWPE/h-CCB composite possesses a higher EMI SE than those of UHMWPE/l-CCB composites. The electrical conductivity and EMI SE value of the UHMWPE/h-CCB composite increase sharply with the increasing content of h-CCB. The EMI SE of UHMWPE/h-CCB composite with 10 wt% h-CCB is 22.3 dB at X-band, as four times that of the UHMWPE/l-CCB composite with same l-CCB dosage (5.6 dB). This work will help to manufacture a low-cost and high-performance EMI shielding material for modern electronic systems.

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