scholarly journals Wear Test Combining Simulated Occiusal Wear and Toothbrush Wear

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi WAKAMATSU ◽  
Kiyoshi KAKUTA ◽  
Hideo OGURA
Keyword(s):  
Wear Test ◽  
Toothbrush Wear

A Note on Groove Depth Changes Without Wear

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
F. C. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Low Rate

Abstract Tread wear rates during first wear measured by groove depth and weight changes do not always agree. Sometimes, the groove depth method shows a high rate and the weight loss method a low rate. Reported here are experiments designed to determine if grooves show depth changes without wear. Four tires were measured before mounting on a wheel, after mounting and inflation, and after inflation and storage. The mounted and inflated tires showed shallower shoulder grooves and deeper center grooves than the unmounted tires. In a second experiment, tires were measured immediately after a tread wear test and then stored mounted for two weeks before remeasuring. Each groove became deeper, and there was no change in the crown radius of any tire.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Plasticity Response for Reciprocating Sliding Wear Test of Ti-6Al-4V under Variables Number of Cycles

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
D. Harun ◽  
D. Nalatambi ◽  
Ramdziah Md. Nasir ◽  
Abdul Latif Mohd Tobi
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding Wear

Reciprocating sliding wear test of uncoated titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V is investigated using pin-on-flat contact arrangement of Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-6Al-4V pair under variable number of cycles at low number of cycles. The worn surfaces of the titanium alloy specimens were analyzed with the use of optical microscope (2D and 3D OM) and Vickers Hardness analysis was carried on. The pattern of the wear scar characteristics determined and the finding at the end of wear track had been focus through the presence at the end of wear track. It is suggesting an evidence of plastic deformation with the increasing in hardness value. The increase in hardness value at the end of wear track indicates increase in the plastic deformation with increasing number of cycles.

scholarly journals The Effects of Toothbrush Wear on the Surface Roughness and Gloss of Resin Composites with Various Types of Matrices

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Murtadha AlAli ◽  
Nikolaos Silikas ◽  
Julian Satterthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Hybrid Resin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Toothbrush Wear

Objective: To evaluate and compare the surface roughness and gloss of a DMA-free composite and Bis-GMA-free composite with a DMA-based composite before and after toothbrushing simulation. Materials and Methods: Fifteen dimensionally standardised composite specimens of three nano-hybrid resin composites (Tetric EvoCeram, Admira Fusion, and Venus Diamond) were used. Five specimens from each composite were polished and then subjected to a toothbrushing simulator. Surface roughness (Ra) and gloss were measured before toothbrushing and after 5000, 10,000, 15,000, and 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. The data was analysed using 5 × 3 ANOVA to assess surface roughness and gloss values and pairwise comparisons in the form of Tukey post hoc tests were performed to interpret main effects. Results: For all tested materials, surface roughness increased, and gloss decreased after toothbrushing abrasion. Surface roughness (Ra) values ranged from 0.14 to 0.22 μm at baseline and increased to between 0.41 and 0.49 μm after 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. Gloss values ranged between 31.9 and 50.6 GU at baseline and between 5.1 and 19.5 GU after 20,000 toothbrushing cycles. The lowest initial Ra value was detected in Venus Diamond and the highest initial gloss value was detected in Tetric EvoCeram. Conclusions: Simulated toothbrushing abrasion led to an increase in surface roughness and a decrease in gloss for all tested materials. Venus Diamond had the smoothest surface and Tetric EvoCeram had the glossiest surface after polishing and following 20,000 cycles of toothbrushing abrasion. Admira Fusion demonstrated the roughest surface and had the lowest gloss values before and after toothbrushing abrasion.

Highly epoxidized soybean oil in replacement of mineral oil for high performance on silica-filled tread rubber compounds

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110290
Author(s):  
Leandro Hernán Esposito ◽  
Angel José Marzocca
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Epoxidized Soybean Oil ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
The Impact

The potential replacement of a treated residual aromatic extract mineral oil (TRAE) by a highly epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) into a silica-filled styrene-butadiene rubber compound was investigated. In order to determine if ESO compounds performance are suitable for tread tire applications, processing properties cure and characteristics were evaluated. The impact of ESO amount on the silica dispersion was confirmed by Payne Effect. The presence of chemical or physical interactions between ESO and silica improves the filler dispersion, enabling the compound processability and affecting the cure kinetic rate. An adjusted rubber compound with 2 phr of ESO and 2 phr of sulfur presented the higher stiffness and strength values with lower weight loss from a wear test compared with TRAE compound at an equal amount of oil and curing package. Furthermore, wet grip and rolling resistance predictors of both compounds gave comparable results, maintaining a better performance and reducing the dependence of mineral oil for tire tread compounds.

Self-Lubricating and Wear Resistant Epoxy Composites Incorporated With Microencapsulated Wax

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Khun ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
C. Y. Yue ◽  
J. L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Working Parameters

Self-lubricating and wear resistant epoxy composites were developed via incorporation of wax-containing microcapsules. The effects of microcapsule size and content and working parameters on the tribological properties of epoxy composites were systematically investigated. The incorporation of microcapsules dramatically decreased the friction and wear of the composites from those of the epoxy. The increased microcapsule content or the incorporation of larger microcapsules decreased the friction and wear of the epoxy composites due to the larger amount of released wax lubricant via the rupture of microcapsules during the wear test. The friction of the composites decreased with increased normal load as a result of the promoted wear of the composites and the increased release of the wax lubricant.

Tribological Properties of Calotropis Procera Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
M.J. Raghu ◽  
Govardhan Goud
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Three Body

Natural fibers are widely used for reinforcement in polymer composite materials and proved to be effectively replacing synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites to some extent in applications like domestic, automotive and lower end aerospace parts. The natural fiber reinforced composites are environment friendly, have high strength to weight ratio as well as specific strengths comparable with synthetic glass fiber reinforced composites. In the present work, hybrid epoxy composites were fabricated using calotropis procera and glass fibers as reinforcement by hand lay-up method. The fibre reinforcement in epoxy matrix was maintained at 20 wt%. In 20 wt% reinforcement of fibre, the content of calotropis procera and glass fibre were varied from 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. The dry sliding wear test as per ASTM G99 and three body abrasive wear test as per ASTM G65 were conducted to find the tribological properties by varying speed, load, distance and abrasive size. The hybrid composite having 5 wt% calotropis procera and 15 wt% glass fibre showed less wear loss in hybrid composites both in sliding wear test as well as in abrasive wear test which is comparable with 20 wt% glass fibre reinforced epoxy composite which marked very low wear loss. The SEM analysis was carried out to study the worn out surfaces of dry sliding wear test and three body abrasive wear test specimens.

The Measurement of Toothbrush Wear

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1781-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.R. Rawls ◽  
N.J. Mkwayi-Tulloch ◽  
R. Casella ◽  
R. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Individual User ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Toothbrush Wear ◽  
Wear Index

Toothbrushes wear out and progressively lose their ability to clean as the bristles abrade and become curled and matted. To study the factors that influence this process, we developed a quantitative measure of bristle splaying (wear index) and a method for judging and ranking the overall state of brush deterioration (wear rating) and used these to determine the effects of the individual user, brush design, time in use, and bristle material. Wear index is the average increase in brush-head dimensions normalized for maximum bristle length, and is dimensionless. Wear rating is a subjective means of classifying the increasing severity of deterioration on a scale of 0 to 3. The wear characteristics of a variety of commercial and experimental brushes with different design features were determined. Test variables were time in use, brush design (e.g., geometry and size of the brush head), and bristle composition. Time of use, the individual user, and bristle composition were found to have the strongest influences on splaying, and brush design was found to have the least influence. The wear index offers a quantitative means of comparing brushes of different dimensions at various stages of splaying. The wear rating, although qualitative, is a quick means of ranking brushes in various stages of deterioration. The two methods correlate (R2 = 0.87), and both are sensitive to several factors that affect brush durability. Therefore, these methods appear to be suitable not only for research, but also for quality control, the setting of standards, and for substantiation of advertising claims.

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