Effects of Ecklonia cava Extract on Neuronal Damage and Apoptosis in PC-12 Cells against Oxidative Stress

Clinically, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent type of partial epilepsy and often accompanied by various comorbidities. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic treatment with the antiepileptic drug (AED) lacosamide (LCM) on spontaneous motor seizures (SMS), behavioral comorbidities, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage in a model of TLE. Vehicle/LCM treatment (30 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 3 h after the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and continued for up to 12 weeks in Wistar rats. Our study showed that LCM attenuated the number of SMS and corrected comorbid to epilepsy impaired motor activity, anxiety, memory, and alleviated depressive-like responses measured in the elevated plus maze, object recognition test, radial arm maze test, and sucrose preference test, respectively. This AED suppressed oxidative stress through increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels, and alleviated catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus. Lacosamide treatment after SE mitigated the increased levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the hippocampus and exerted strong neuroprotection both in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus, basolateral amygdala, and partially in the piriform cortex. Our results suggest that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activity of LCM is an important prerequisite for its anticonvulsant and beneficial effects on SE-induced behavioral comorbidities.

Download Full-text

The Protection of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented-Mango Peel against Neuronal Damage Induced by Amyloid-Beta

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3503

Author(s):

Bao-Hong Lee ◽

Wei-Hsuan Hsu ◽

Chih-Yao Hou ◽

Hao-Yuan Chien ◽

She-Ching Wu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Amyloid Beta ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Neural Cells ◽

Bdnf Expression ◽

Neuronal Protection ◽

Mango Peel ◽

Mango Peels

Mango peels are usually discarded as waste; however, they contain phytochemicals and could provide functional properties to food and promote human health. This study aimed to determine the optimal lactic acid bacteria for fermentation of mango peel and evaluate the effect of mango peel on neuronal protection in Neuron-2A cells against amyloid beta (Aβ) treatment (50 μM). Mango peel can be fermented by different lactic acid bacteria species. Lactobacillus acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel produced the highest concentration of lactic acid bacteria (exceeding 108 CFU/mL). Mango peel and fermented mango peel extracts upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression for 1.74-fold in Neuron-2A cells. Furthermore, mango peel fermented products attenuated oxidative stress in Aβ-treated neural cells by 27%. Extracts of L. acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel treatment decreased Aβ accumulation and attenuated the increase of subG1 caused by Aβ induction in Neuron-2A cells. In conclusion, L. acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel acts as a novel neuronal protective product by inhibiting oxidative stress and increasing BDNF expression in neural cells.

Download Full-text

Power Failure of Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegeneration and Its Computational Models

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10020229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 229

Author(s):

JunHyuk Woo ◽

Hyesun Cho ◽

YunHee Seol ◽

Soon Ho Kim ◽

Chanhyeok Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽

Computational Models ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Living Organism ◽

The Body ◽

Mitochondrial Functions ◽

A Cell ◽

The Brain ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The brain needs more energy than other organs in the body. Mitochondria are the generator of vital power in the living organism. Not only do mitochondria sense signals from the outside of a cell, but they also orchestrate the cascade of subcellular events by supplying adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP), the biochemical energy. It is known that impaired mitochondrial function and oxidative stress contribute or lead to neuronal damage and degeneration of the brain. This mini-review focuses on addressing how mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. In addition, we discuss state-of-the-art computational models of mitochondrial functions in relation to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Together, a better understanding of brain disease-specific mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress can pave the way to developing antioxidant therapeutic strategies to ameliorate neuronal activity and prevent neurodegeneration.

Download Full-text

Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elaheh Ghasemi ◽

Faezeh Afkhami Aghda ◽

Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani ◽

Azadeh Shahrokhi Raeini ◽

Zeynab Hafizibarjin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Tissue Damage ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Carotid Artery Occlusion ◽

Vital Role ◽

Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽

Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽

Spatial Learning And Memory

AbstractBackgroundThe vascular changes due to cerebrovascular damage, especially on the capillaries, play a vital role in causing vascular dementia. Increasing oxidative stress can lead to tissue damage while reducing brain blood flow. The use of factors reducing the oxidative stress level can decrease the brain damages. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the most important air pollutants that lead to the development of severe brain damage in large quantities. However, studies have recently confirmed the protective effect of SO2 in cardiac ischemic injury, atherosclerosis and pulmonary infections.MethodsThe permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) method was used to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Two treatment groups of SO2 were studied. The animal cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze. Hippocampal tissue damage was examined after 2 months of BCAO. In the biochemical analysis, the activity of catalase and lipid peroxidation of the hippocampus was studied.ResultsNeuronal damage in hippocampus, as well as cognitive impairment in ischemia groups treated with SO2 showed a significant improvement. Catalase activity was also significantly increased in the hippocampus of treated groups.ConclusionsAccording to the results, SO2 is likely to be effective in reducing the CCH-caused damages by increasing the antioxidant capacity of the hippocampus.

Download Full-text

Neuroprotective Effect Of Peptide Fractions from Chia (Salvia hispanica) on H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Neuronal Damage on N1E-115 Cell Line

Neurochemical Research ◽

10.1007/s11064-020-03085-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 2278-2285

Author(s):

Edwin E. Martínez Leo ◽

Maira R. Segura Campos

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Line ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Neuroprotective Effect ◽

Salvia Hispanica ◽

Peptide Fractions

Download Full-text

Matrine Protects PC12 Cells Against Aβ25–35-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Neuronal Apoptosis and Cell Senescence

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1691-1697

Author(s):

Huanli Zhang ◽

Zhen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Pc12 Cells ◽

Neuronal Apoptosis ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Cell Senescence ◽

Tunel Staining ◽

Elisa Assay ◽

Amyloid A

Background and Objectives: Beta-amyloid (Aβ) has pivotal functions in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The main purpose of this study is to explore the protective role and possible mechanisms of matrine against Aβ25–35-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Materials and Methods: A vitro model that involved Aβ25–35-induced neuronal damage in PC12 cells was adopted in the present study. Cell viability and apoptosis of PC12 cells were determined by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. Intracellular ROS levels were determined by DCFH-DA probe and levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were assessed by ELISA assay. In addition, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) levels were determined by ELISA assay and telomere lengths were examined by real-time quantitative PCR analysis to assess telomerase activities. Furthermore, vital proteins related to cell apoptosis and hallmarks of senescence were detected by western blot analysis. Results: Matrine (10, 20, 50 μg/ml) dose-dependently protected cell viability against Aβ25–35 cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, matrine at 10, 20, 50 μg/ml markedly reduced ROS production and downregulated the levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells. The results also proved that matrine may restore telomerase activities and telomere lengths in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells by inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Neuronal apoptosis induced by Aβ25–35 were reversed upon cotreatment with matrine. Moreover, matrine markedly mitigated Aβ25–35 induced cell senescence in a concentration-dependentmanner. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that matrine protected PC12 cells against Aβ25–35-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, neuronal apoptosis and cell senescence.

Download Full-text

Neuroprotection by Brazilian Green Propolis againstIn vitroandIn vivoIschemic Neuronal Damage

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/neh078 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 201-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Masamitsu Shimazawa ◽

Satomi Chikamatsu ◽

Nobutaka Morimoto ◽

Satoshi Mishima ◽

Hiroichi Nagai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Brain Infarction ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Neuroprotective Function ◽

Brazilian Green Propolis

We examined whether Brazilian green propolis, a widely used folk medicine, has a neuroprotective functionin vitroand/orin vivo.In vitro, propolis significantly inhibited neurotoxicity induced in neuronally differentiated PC12 cell cultures by either 24 h hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure or 48 h serum deprivation. Regarding the possible underlying mechanism, propolis protected against oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) in mouse forebrain homogenates and scavenged free radicals [induced by diphenyl-p-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). In micein vivo, propolis [30 or 100 mg/kg; intraperitoneally administered four times (at 2 days, 1 day and 60 min before, and at 4 h after induction of focal cerebral ischemia by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion)] reduced brain infarction at 24 h after the occlusion. Thus, a propolis-induced inhibition of oxidative stress may be partly responsible for its neuroprotective function againstin vitrocell death andin vivofocal cerebral ischemia.

Download Full-text