Is Romania Ready for Nation-Wide Public e-Services?

2012 ◽  
pp. 1580-1595
Author(s):  
Virgil Stoica ◽  
Andrei Ilas
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

In 2009, the Romanian Government engaged itself to the ambitious goal of providing most of the traditional administration services through electronic means. The authors’ larger aim is to assess the policy’s chances of success by looking both at the history and the current level of e-development in Romania. While most of governments’ actions are incremental, only marginally modifying existing programs or practices, the e-government policies around the world do not necessarily fall within this model. However, even the miraculous advancements depend on specific realities. Based on the relevant literature, the authors consider the way towards the success of a nation-wide e-government public policy as being paved by several major pre-requisites: educated citizenry, adequate technical infrastructures, offering of e-services that citizens need, commitment from top government officials, and membership in international organizations supporting e-government development. Results stress the importance of the EU membership and the disequilibrium between the level of Romanians’ e-knowledge and that of governmental e-services. The chapter concludes that in the case of Romania, a successful e-government policy should primarily target the raise of citizens’ Internet and computer related skills.

Is Romania Ready for Nation-Wide Public e-Services?

2012 ◽  
pp. 717-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgil Stoica ◽  
Andrei Ilas
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

In 2009, the Romanian Government engaged itself to the ambitious goal of providing most of the traditional administration services through electronic means. The authors’ larger aim is to assess the policy’s chances of success by looking both at the history and the current level of e-development in Romania. While most of governments’ actions are incremental, only marginally modifying existing programs or practices, the e-government policies around the world do not necessarily fall within this model. However, even the miraculous advancements depend on specific realities. Based on the relevant literature, the authors consider the way towards the success of a nation-wide e-government public policy as being paved by several major pre-requisites: educated citizenry, adequate technical infrastructures, offering of e-services that citizens need, commitment from top government officials, and membership in international organizations supporting e-government development. Results stress the importance of the EU membership and the disequilibrium between the level of Romanians’ e-knowledge and that of governmental e-services. The chapter concludes that in the case of Romania, a successful e-government policy should primarily target the raise of citizens’ Internet and computer related skills.

3. France: Genuine Europeanization or Monnet for Nothing?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Narratives ◽  
French Politics ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines France’s paradoxical relationship with the European Union by focusing on the heterogeneity of adaptation to the EU. While public policy and legislation are becoming increasingly Europeanized, the EU has a limited impact on political life and the domestic institutional system. As a result of this mixed situation, the national narratives for supporting French membership of the EU suffer from progressive erosion and Euroscepticism subtly gaining ground. The chapter first considers patterns in France’s EU membership before discussing the impact of EU membership on public opinion and political parties. It then looks at the Europeanization of French politics and the impact of EU membership on French institutions as well as public policy. The chapter argues that France has changed by joining the EU, contrary to what a large body of recent work suggests.

JUSTICE FOR JEWS FROM ARAB COUNTRIES AND THE REBRANDING OF THE JEWISH REFUGEE

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayna Zamkanei
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Israeli Government ◽  
Jewish Refugee ◽  
The World ◽  
World Organization

AbstractSince its founding in 2002, the group Justice for Jews from Arab Countries (JJAC) has appealed to governments, international organizations, and Jewish communities worldwide to recognize post-1948 Jewish emigrants from Arab countries as refugees. Yet prominent scholars, Israeli government officials, and Jewish political activists in Israel and the United States have traditionally opposed this designation. Why, then, have JJAC's efforts met with success? This article draws on the experiences of JJAC and its predecessor, the World Organization of Jews from Arab Countries, as well as the claims of their critics, to argue that JJAC's accomplishments are due to the organization's ability to extricate the term “refugee” from a Zionist discursive context and to apply it within the framework of international law and human rights.

John Jackson and the GATT's Transformation

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-403
Author(s):  
STEVE CHARNOVITZ
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Law Students ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Ann Arbor

John Jackson's long, fruitful association with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was unique in the annals of international organizations. His 1969 book, World Trade and the Law of GATT, became the Baedeker for government officials, practitioners, and academics seeking an overall understanding of the trading system or an explanation of a particular GATT provision. Yet the uniqueness of Jackson's relationship to the GATT was not just his foundational scholarship; every international organization in the twentieth century spawned a scholarly community. The uniqueness came from his role as a teacher attracting graduate law students from around the world who traveled to Ann Arbor to study with him and then returned to their countries to take on leadership roles in international trade. These decades of students inspired by Jackson and educated by his synoptic understanding of trade law enhanced Jackson's influence on the GATT in a way that has no parallel in other agencies.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION IN BRAZILIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Alexey Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
The World

The purpose of this paper is to bring to reflection the main influences of globalization in Brazilian higher education has occurred in the last two decades. A critical analysis of the relevant literature was made, addressing the main international organizations such as the World Bank (WB) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), as well as its main guidelines for the education. Among the aspects analyzed, it is possible to verify a convergence of the guidelines of these organizations about the importance of Higher Education for economic development and the need to link the use of public resources to quality.

scholarly journals State sovereignty index as an indicator of public decision-making

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
N. Chala ◽  
G. Kharlamova ◽  
D. Markishev
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
World Community ◽  
Similar Tendency ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Objective Indicators ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The world community and governments are constantly on the lookout for an effective benchmark for countries: the benchmark for their success or failure, security and vulnerability, quality of life, op enness, etc. All indices are inherently objective integrators of subjectively objective indicators. The confidence in the index is based on the equilibrium of these categories. The study tried to evaluate the degree of the sovereignty of the countries, and that of Ukraine in particular, with the help of the objectivity, which can be involved by the powerful econometric apparatus. Selection, normalization, estimation of stationarity and correlation analysis gave permission to accumulate the base of more than 40 statistical indicators for the countries of the world to a generalized index and forecast the development of its dynamics for the future. The country’s sovereignty index is considered to be integral and having a scale from 0 to 100. For a more visual presentation of the results, the scale of the sovereignty index is proposed for comparable countries, with the definition of a country conditionally relatively independent of the influence and recommendations of external international organizations or entities. It turned out that, in general, all the studied countries had a similar tendency for the development of the phenomenon, which confirms the effect of globalization and synergy in the external activity of these countries. This index may turn into a future measure of the success and failure of government policy and become an instrument for choosing the direction of the country’s development.

Diplomatic Law in a New Millennium

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Eu ◽  
New Millennium

The granting of diplomatic asylum to Julian Assange, the dangers faced by diplomats in trouble spots around the world, WikiLeaks and the publication of thousands of embassy cables—situations like these place diplomatic agents and diplomatic law at the very centre of contemporary debate on current affairs. Diplomatic Law in a New Millennium brings together twenty experts to provide insight into some of the most controversial and important matters which characterize modern diplomatic law. They include diplomatic asylum, the treatment (and rights) of domestic staff of diplomatic agents, the inviolability of correspondence, of the diplomatic bag, and of the diplomatic mission, the immunity to be given to members of the diplomatic family, diplomatic duties (including the duty of non-interference), but also the rise of diplomatic actors which are not sent by States (including members of the EU diplomatic service). Diplomatic Law in a New Millennium explores these matters in a critical, yet accessible manner, and is therefore an invaluable resource for practitioners, scholars, and students with an interest in diplomatic relations. Its individual parts deal with the history of diplomatic law, personal and property immunities, diplomatic obligations, and the position of representatives of international organizations, of the EU, and of sub-State entities. The authors of the book include some of the leading authorities on diplomatic law (including a delegate to the 1961 conference which codified modern diplomatic law) as well as serving and former members of the diplomatic corps.

scholarly journals Alternative Approaches to Stabilizing International Markets

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
W. Scott Steele
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Grain Prices

As a result of the recent world food situation, particularly the problem of repeated production shortfalls, the precipitous drawdown in grain stocks and the rapid increase in grain prices, widespread concern has developed over instability in food supplies and prices. Government officials and heads of international organizations have given considerable attention to stabilization measures, particularly grain reserves, as a means of offsetting fluctuating supplies and unstable prices of basic foodstuffs.For the United States, the problem of fluctuations in grain prices and unstable markets is not one of domestic origin. At recent levels of production, grain supplies have always exceeded domestic needs in the past two decades. Wheat is a good example. U.S. exports of wheat as a share of domestic production went from about 40 percent in 1970-71 to about 70 percent in 1972-73. In recent years, U.S. overseas markets have been the main source of instability in grain prices. Instead of reducing grain consumption or relying on their own grain reserves, many foreign countries experiencing shortfalls in grain production used the world and U.S. markets to purchase needed supplies.

Dyslexic and Gifted: Are the Two really Compatible? And How Can these Learners be Nurtured?

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Peer ◽  
Susan Tresman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Literacy Acquisition ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Effective Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Issues

For many years people questioned the very existence of dyslexia. Comments muttered under the breath implying that middle class parents were using the word ‘dyslexia’ as an excuse for poor performance were not uncommon. The thought that a child could realistically be both dyslexic and gifted was inconceivable! As for those who were from non-white backgrounds - dyslexia was simply not considered a possibility! At a SCAA conference (late 1990s) on English as an Additional Language, issues relating to dyslexia and to high I.Q. were not explicitly included when debating and defining future government policy on language and literacy acquisition for this large minority of learners. Today, attitudes and understanding have moved on. There is much research in areas of science, health and education which proves both the existence of the condition and offers a way forward through effective practice. As a result of this, Government policies and practice have changed in many parts of the world and the place of the dyslexic learner is now recognised. Practitioners and psychologists know that learners can be gifted in certain aspects of their thinking and learning whilst still struggling to put pen to paper.

scholarly journals СТЕЧАЈ БАНАКА И ФИНАНСИЈСКИХ УСТАНОВА У ЗЕМАЉАМА КАНДИДАТИМА ЗА ЕУ ЗАПАДНОГ БАЛКАНА

TEME ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ђуро М. Ђурић ◽  
Владимир М. Јовановић ◽  
Мирјана М. Мисаиловић
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The World ◽  
Eu Candidate Countries ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this paper is to present the regulation of insolvency of banks and other financial institutions in some West Balkans countries (Serbia, Montenegro and FYROM) candidates for the EU membership and its development under the influence of the EU regulations. This question has become particularly interesting since the onset of the world financial crisis of 2008. Banks and financial institutions from the EU countries are among major players in financial markets. The crisis has shown that the models that have previously existed were not sufficient and did not enable an adequate level of cooperation between member states, in order to minimize the spreading of negative effects of individual insolvencies and problems of individual financial institutions across the EU and all over the world. Therefore, changes were needed in the regulations, and indeed, certain changes have been made. This paper tries to see and evaluate the enlargement of the EU which is currently not on top of the EU political and economic agenda, the candidate countries are in the process of adjusting their legislation and practices in order to be better prepared for negotiating with the EU, but also in order to make their respective economic conditions and markets more harmonized with the EU countries, therefore making them more attractive to potential foreign investors. We shall attempt to give a brief analysis of how several West Balkans EU candidate countries have reacted to the described changes in the EU regulations regarding financial institutions and handling their financial difficulties.

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