Developing an Integral Approach for Chinese Design Education

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-77
Author(s):  
Fang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Value System ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Collective Method ◽  
Temporal Measurement ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Developing Chinese Design Education (CDE) with Chinese characteristics is an old but unending topic that has been discussed in the field of design education in P. R. China for many years. The debate has been constrained by different attitudes towards the nature of design, diverse interpretations of the Chinese cultural tradition and varied perceptions of the role of education. The future development of CDE is eager for new attitude, thinking and approach to rebuild its culture and value system. This article develops a comprehensive framework through redefining the meanings of CDE, applying the principles of spatio-temporal measurement and ADAL model of Integral Theory. This integral approach based on the newly established framework provides a pragmatic and collective method for CDE, not only from a strategic height to simultaneously understand multiple, competing theories and ideas, but also from tactical operational level to holistically manage different perspectives and practical solutions.

scholarly journals The Role of Spatio-Temporal Information to Govern the COVID-19 Pandemic: A European Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Hartmut Müller ◽  
Marije Louwsma
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Covid-19 pandemic put a heavy burden on member states in the European Union. To govern the pandemic, having access to reliable geo-information is key for monitoring the spatial distribution of the outbreak over time. This study aims to analyze the role of spatio-temporal information in governing the pandemic in the European Union and its member states. The European Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) system and selected national dashboards from member states were assessed to analyze which spatio-temporal information was used, how the information was visualized and whether this changed over the course of the pandemic. Initially, member states focused on their own jurisdiction by creating national dashboards to monitor the pandemic. Information between member states was not aligned. Producing reliable data and timeliness reporting was problematic, just like selecting indictors to monitor the spatial distribution and intensity of the outbreak. Over the course of the pandemic, with more knowledge about the virus and its characteristics, interventions of member states to govern the outbreak were better aligned at the European level. However, further integration and alignment of public health data, statistical data and spatio-temporal data could provide even better information for governments and actors involved in managing the outbreak, both at national and supra-national level. The Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) initiative and the NUTS system provide a framework to guide future integration and extension of existing systems.

scholarly journals From Loschmidt daemons to time-reversed waves

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2069) ◽  
pp. 20150156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Fink
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Time Reversal ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Reversal Invariance ◽  
Spatial Boundary ◽  
Dual Approaches ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Time-reversal invariance can be exploited in wave physics to control wave propagation in complex media. Because time and space play a similar role in wave propagation, time-reversed waves can be obtained by manipulating spatial boundaries or by manipulating time boundaries. The two dual approaches will be discussed in this paper. The first approach uses ‘time-reversal mirrors’ with a wave manipulation along a spatial boundary sampled by a finite number of antennas. Related to this method, the role of the spatio-temporal degrees of freedom of the wavefield will be emphasized. In a second approach, waves are manipulated from a time boundary and we show that ‘instantaneous time mirrors’, mimicking the Loschmidt point of view, simultaneously acting in the entire space at once can also radiate time-reversed waves.

A geographical analysis of the first wave of Covid-19 with reference to highland and lowland regions of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-281
Author(s):  
Bindhy Wasini Pandey ◽  
◽  
Yuvraj Singh ◽  
Usha Rani ◽  
Roosen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Indian Himalayan Region ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Extensive Coverage ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The issue of health has become a major concern in recent years as a result of extensive coverage of media reporting outbreaks of diseases and the spread of deadly infectious diseases around the world. There has been a growing concern over the accessibility and affordability of healthcare facilities. The spread of the ongoing pandemic COVID-19 has been felt all over the world. However, the rate of infection varies across certain regions of the world. There exists intra-regional disparity as well. Recent research shows that there are latitudinal and altitudinal variations in the spread of the COVID-19. This paper studies variation of infection COVID-19 across the highlands of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and the lowland areas in India. The paper also examines the role of geographical spaces in the spread of coronavirus in these regions. The study indicates that place-based effects (altitude, temperature, pollution levels, etc.) on health can be seen in a variety of ways; therefore, locational issues are very important for addressing health questions. The paper also analyses the Spatio-temporal pattern of the COVID-19 pandemic in the study area to understand the nature of the disease in different locations.

Features of Victory Day Celebrations in the DPR and LPR: Old and New Meanings, Officialdom and Festivity, Stability and Adaptation

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Яна Владимировна Комар
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
The Military

В статье на основе методов включенного наблюдения и интервьюирования современников, материалов периодической печати представлена картина проведения 9 мая на территориях Донецкой народной республики и Луганской народной республики. В ходе исследования удалось выяснить, что в республиках эта дата вышла за рамки памяти о событиях и участниках Великой Отечественной войны, дополнившись новыми смыслами, приобретя свои особенности и знаковость. Коммеморативные практики не ограничились только погибшими в период Великой Отечественной войны: они включили в себя и погибших военных в действующем вооруженном конфликте на Донбассе, и погибших мирных граждан республик. Особое внимание уделяется роли Русской православной церкви Московского патриархата (РПЦ МП) в мероприятиях, проводимых по случаю праздника. Праздничная атрибутика включает в себя ряд уникальных символов и знаков, характерных только для Дня Победы. Вместе с тем 9 мая на темпоральном отрезке занимает небольшой часовой промежуток времени, а потенциал эмоциональной составляющей и наполненность дня больше сравнима с праздничной культурной традицией, чем с коммеморативной. This article describes Victory Day commemorations (9 May) in the territories of the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Lugansk People’s Republic, based on observation, interviews, and material from the periodical press. In the course of the study, it was found out that in the republics celebration of this date went beyond the memory of the events and participants of the Great Patriotic War. The holiday assumed new meanings, acquiring its own characteristics and markers. Commemorative practices were not limited to participants of the Great Patriotic War, but were also devoted to the military and civilian dead in the current armed conflict in the Donbas. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (ROC MP) in events held on this day. The holiday’s celebration includes a number of unique symbols and signs that are only characteristic of the 9th of May. While the celebration of 9 th of May takes but a short period of time, its emotional component and capacity for expression are more comparable to the festival tradition than to that of commemoration. At the same time, on the temporal segment, 9th of May takes a short one-hour period of time, and the potential of the emotional component and the fullness of the day is more comparable to the festive cultural tradition than to the commemorative one.

Not Good Enough? Exploring Relationships Between Students’ Empathy, Their Attitudes Towards Sustainability, and the Self-Perceived Sustainability of Their Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Prabhu ◽  
Mohammed Alsager Alzayed ◽  
Elizabeth Starkey
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
The Self ◽  
Empathy Development ◽  
Concept Evaluation ◽  
Trait Empathy ◽  
Evaluation Stage ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Empathy plays an important role in designers’ ability to relate to problems faced by others. Several researchers have studied empathy development in engineering design education; however, a majority of this work has focused on teaching designers to empathize with primary users. Little attention in empathy development research is given to empathizing with those affected in a secondary and tertiary capacity. Moreover, little research has investigated the role of students’ empathy in influencing their emphasis on sustainability, especially in the concept evaluation stage. Our aim in this paper is to explore this research gap through an experimental study with engineering students. Specifically, we introduced first-year engineering students at a large public university in the northeastern United States to a short workshop on sustainable design. We compared changes in their trait empathy and attitudes towards sustainability from before to after participating in the workshop. We also compared the relationship between students’ trait empathy, attitudes towards sustainability, and the self-perceived sustainability of their solutions in a design task. From our results, we see that students reported an increase in their beliefs and intentions towards sustainability and a decrease in their personal distress from before to after participating in the workshop. Furthermore, students’ trait empathy correlated negatively with the self-perceived sustainability of their solutions. These findings highlight the need for future work studying the role of empathy in encouraging a sustainable design mindset among designers.

scholarly journals Clarifying the role of radiative mechanisms in the spatio-temporal changes of land surface temperature across the Horn of Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Alemayehu Abera ◽  
Janne Heiskanen ◽  
Petri Pellikka ◽  
Miina Rautiainen ◽  
Eduardo Eiji Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals The newly created Publicly Available Specification (PAS 141) for reusable electrical/electronic products

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Quariguasi-Frota-Neto ◽  
Andrew Reade ◽  
Azadeh Dindarian ◽  
Andrew Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Future Work

Purpose – In 2011, a governmental initiative driven by the Department for Business Innovation and Skills invited the British Standards Institute (BSI) to write and publish a publicly available specification (PAS) for the reuse of waste electrical and electronic equipment entitled PAS 141. The specification's ambitious goals, chief among them to reduce the amount of e-waste generated in the UK, has prompted debate as to whether they are realistic and the extent to which they can be influenced by the certification. The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive framework that can be used in future research to enhance understanding of the mechanisms by which the introduction of PAS 141 certification could lead to the fulfillment of its goals, that is, successful uptake. The authors believe this framework can serve as a roadmap for those interested in the investigation of this novel certification and its effect on the market for reusable electrical and electronic products. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on interviews with reuse organizations and first hand experience as a participant in the steering group that elaborated the certification being investigated, i.e. PAS 141. Findings – It is uncertain whether PAS 141 will fulfill its promises, which are, in the view of the authors, rather ambitious, e.g. reduce e-waste. Furthermore, more research is needed to examine the effect that the introduction of the certification has on the materialization of its goals, and on the complex inter-relationship that exist between the goals and what the authors define as intermediary necessary conditions. Research limitations/implications – This is the first attempt the outline the research needs that arise from the introduction of PAS-141, and the authors believe that there are other equally important questions that are yet to be presented and examined. Practical implications – This paper proposes 28 hypotheses which will help future work to empirically establish: the possibility of PAS-141 attaining its goals and the main necessary conditions for that to happen. This information is pivotal to determine whether the certification is working and to pinpoint opportunities for improvement. Social implications – This works contributes to the understanding of the role of certification on the market of reused products, which employs a large number of people, and in particular, whose coming from disadvantaged backgrounds. Originality/value – Although certification in general has been widely investigated in prior research, scant attention has been paid to certification in the context of electronic products. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first paper of its kind, as it is the first to examine certification in that context.

The Role of Water in the Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Wood

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Derome ◽  
Alessandra Patera ◽  
Ahmad Rafsanjani ◽  
Saeed Abbasion ◽  
Jan Carmeliet
Keyword(s):  
Water Sorption ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Environmental Loading ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Fully Coupled

Wood, due to its biological origin, has the capacity to interact with water. Sorption/desorption of moisture is accompanied with swelling/shrinkage and softening/hardening of its stiffness. The correct prediction of the behavior of wood components undergoing environmental loading or industrial process requires that the hygric, thermal and mechanical (HTM) behavior of wood are considered in a coupled manner. In addition, we propose a comprehensive framework using a fully coupled poromechanical approach, where its multiscale implementation provides the capacity to take into account, directly, the exact geometry of wood cellular structure, using computational homogenization. A hierarchical model is used to take into account the subcellular composite-like organization of the material. Such advanced modeling requires high resolution experimental data for the appropriate determination of inputs and for its validation.

scholarly journals Global XCO<sub>2</sub> anomalies as seen by Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Hakkarainen ◽  
Iolanda Ialongo ◽  
Shamil Maksyutov ◽  
David Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Fossil Fuel Combustion ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. NASA's carbon dioxide mission, Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2, has been operating for three full years (2015–2017). Here, we provide a global (60° S–60° N) view of the XCO2 anomalies along with their annual variations and seasonal patterns. We show that the XCO2 anomaly patterns are robust and consistent from year-to-year. We compare these anomalies to fluxes from anthropogenic, biospheric and biomass burning and to model-simulated local concentration enhancements. We find that, despite the simplicity of the method, the anomalies describe the spatio-temporal variability of XCO2 (including anthropogenic emissions and seasonal variability related to vegetation and biomass burning) consistently with more complex model-based approaches. We see, for example, that positive anomalies correspond to fossil fuel combustion over the major industrial areas (e.g., China, eastern USA, central Europe, India, and the Highveld region in South Africa), shown as large positive XCO2 enhancements in the model simulations. Also, we find corresponding positive anomalies and fluxes over biomass burning areas during different fire seasons. On the other hand, the largest negative anomalies correspond to the growing season in the northern middle latitudes, characterized by negative XCO2 enhancements from simulations and high SIF values (indicating the occurrence of photosynthesis). Finally, we show how XCO2 anomalies facilitate the detection of anthropogenic signatures for several local scale case studies, both in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. The results demonstrate the potential of satellite-based XCO2 observations for understanding the role of man-made and natural contributions to the atmospheric CO2 levels.

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