A geographical analysis of the first wave of Covid-19 with reference to highland and lowland regions of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-281
Author(s):  
Bindhy Wasini Pandey ◽  
◽  
Yuvraj Singh ◽  
Usha Rani ◽  
Roosen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Indian Himalayan Region ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Extensive Coverage ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The issue of health has become a major concern in recent years as a result of extensive coverage of media reporting outbreaks of diseases and the spread of deadly infectious diseases around the world. There has been a growing concern over the accessibility and affordability of healthcare facilities. The spread of the ongoing pandemic COVID-19 has been felt all over the world. However, the rate of infection varies across certain regions of the world. There exists intra-regional disparity as well. Recent research shows that there are latitudinal and altitudinal variations in the spread of the COVID-19. This paper studies variation of infection COVID-19 across the highlands of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and the lowland areas in India. The paper also examines the role of geographical spaces in the spread of coronavirus in these regions. The study indicates that place-based effects (altitude, temperature, pollution levels, etc.) on health can be seen in a variety of ways; therefore, locational issues are very important for addressing health questions. The paper also analyses the Spatio-temporal pattern of the COVID-19 pandemic in the study area to understand the nature of the disease in different locations.

scholarly journals The role of vaccination in global health

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Keegan Guidolin ◽  
Gaby Meglei
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Preventable Death ◽  
Eradication Program ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Perhaps the greatest medical advancement in history was the development of the vaccine. While previously helpless to stop the spread of deadly infectious diseases, humanity has since harnessed the power of vaccination and decreased the incidence of infectious disease across the globe. Smallpox was the first disease to be eradicated—the greatest of our triumphs. This success was due to the global coordinated effort of the Intensified Smallpox Eradication Program. Presently, measles is the top cause of vaccine-preventable death in the world, and despite enormous vaccination efforts, eradication is still distant. This is due in part to the antivaccination movement, which was fueled by an article by Wakefield, published in the Lancet in 1998. The future of vaccination is an ambitious and unclear one—with tremendous financial support and involvement, the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) aims to eliminate vaccine preventable illness within what they call the “Decade of Vaccines”.

scholarly journals Are pandemics associated with intensive livestock production?

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Ole Alvseike ◽  
Tore Tollersrud ◽  
Bojan Blagojevic
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
One Health ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
To Come

Covid-19 has awakened the world to the importance of infectious diseases. However, it also affected several people, including researchers, as well as some organizations to blame the pandemic on intensive livestock production. Several factors contribute to the fact that the next pandemic is less likely to come from intensive livestock farming than from wild animals and traditional small-scale livestock production. However, there are also the facts that support the role of intensive production in spreading of diseases. One Health - the interaction between the health of humans, animals and the environment has received a lot of attention. Livestock production plays a role in these interactions, but is not a primary driver for the development of new pandemics.

scholarly journals The role of the world health organization in solving international public health problems: history, modernity and development prospects

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Epidemics of smallpox, cholera, plague and other infectious diseases in the world in the past were accompanied by the deaths of millions of people and often threatened humanity with destruction as a biological species. Therefore, society was forced to join forces to create an organization that would provide health protection on a global scale. On April 7, 1948, 26 UN member states created the World Health Organization, the main goal of which was to help provide the protection of health of the population of all countries of the world. Purpose of the study - analysis of the historical data of the process of creating the World Health Organization, achievements for all the years of its existence, financing in last years and formation of the opinions of authors on the role of this organization in solving health problems of all humanity. Results. The article presents data on stages of the formation of the World Health Organization. Information about positive results for more than 70 years in solving reproductive health problems, maternal and child mortality, eradicating many infectious diseases in different parts of the world and other problems is detailed. Joint resolutions of the World Health Organization with the United Nations were adopted about general and complete disarmament, protection of humanity from atomic radiation, ban on the use of chemical and bacteriological weapons, defining of the role of doctors and other health workers in the preservation and strengthening of the world. Information on the World Health Organization funding is provided. The prospects for the development of the organization are described. Conclusions. The World Health Organization actively continues its work – maintains contact with international experts, governments and partners for quick collection of scientific data on a new virus, tracks its distribution and assesses its virulence, provides to countries and population recommendations on health protection measures and preventing the spread of infection. The global climatic crisis and the coronavirus infection pandemic showed that the role of the World Health Organization should increase to prevent cataclysms in some countries and globally. It is the World Health Organization that has a huge positive international experience in fighting various public health problems and it remains the only effective organization that consolidates the efforts of most countries of the world to overcome the problems of all humanity.

Role of Librarians and Medical Information Experts in Response to Covid-19 in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Nasrin Aliasghari
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Knowledge Brokers

Human being has always faced different critical situations and unpredictable events such as floods, earthquakes and terrible infectious diseases such as cholera, plague, tuberculosis and influenza. However, it is believed that the Coronavirus (Covid-19) has been the most shocking pandemic that led to destructive effects in all geographical areas of the world and all aspect of terrestrial life. The governments increasingly enact quarantines, curfews, closures, and other restrictive controls against the countries, citizens, and institutions and deploy their facilities to tackle the infection and prevent its spread (1). Amid the anxiety of lock downs and the cancellation of educational programs around the world, researcher support has not stopped, and a group of knowledge brokers, led by librarians and medical informantionists, are constantly providing information services. Information is an urgent and essential commodity in any crisis. Therefore, librarians and information experts have to be always prepared to meet the information needs of society and provide the users with access to information.

LEPTOSPIROSIS IN HISTORICAL AND MODERN FACETS OF THE SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Goloverova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Additional Education

The monograph presents data on the incidence and outbreaks of leptospirosis in the world among the population at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries. The results of scientific research by domestic and foreign authors on the history, etiology and circulation of pathogens in various types of foci are summarized, and the features of the epidemic process and clinical and laboratory diagnostics of leptospirosis are highlighted. The role of preventive and antiepidemic measures in the foci of leptospirosis is considered. The article deals with the organization of prevention of hospital infections in the intensive care units when providing medical care to patients with severe forms of leptospirosis. It is intended for doctors of various specialties (epidemiologists, infectious diseases specialists, bacteriologists, microbiologists, veterinarians), laboratory diagnostics specialists, researchers, health care organizers, sanitary and epidemiological service specialists, students, interns, residents, students and teachers of the departments of infectious diseases and epidemiology of various medical educational institutions of higher professional, postgraduate and additional education. The book is illustrated with tables and drawings.

scholarly journals Insight, interactivity and materiality

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Vallee-Tourangeau
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
Abstract Representation ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
External Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The popular iconography of insight casts a thinker as he or she uncoils from a Rodin pose and a bulb that lights a world hitherto hidden. By and large, these features of folk mythology capture and guide how psychologists conduct research on insight: Mental processes — some of which may be unconscious — transform an inceptive abstract representation of the world until it prescribes a fruitful solution to a problem. Yet thinking and problem solving outside the laboratory involve interacting with external resources, and through this interactivity with a material world, solutions are distilled. Still, laboratory work on problem solving pays scant and largely indifferent attention to interactivity: Sometimes problems are presented as riddles or static graphical or diagrammatic images, or sometimes they are accompanied by artefacts that can be manipulated (and sometimes interactivity is possible for some problems but not others within a set of problems over which performance is indiscriminately amalgamated). The research methodology — and indifference to the central role of interactivity in thinking — follows from a deep-seated commitment to mentalism and methodological individualism. However, a thinker is an embodied creature embedded in a physical world: The materiality of external resources and artefacts through which problems manifest themselves inevitably determines a set of action affordances. From a systemic perspective, thinking is traceable along a contingent spatio-temporal itinerary wrought by interactivity and evidenced by changes in the world.

Health and Infectious Disease

2008 ◽  
pp. 581-591
Author(s):  
Gian Luca Burci
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This article reviews the main international and institutional legal aspects of cooperation in the fight against the plague of infectious diseases. It makes a particular reference to the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) and other agencies of the UN system. This article underscores the intrinsically international dimension of the realization of the essential importance of international cooperation.

scholarly journals ART SPACE OF CONTEMPORARY DRAMA

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
S. F. Sokolovska
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Relevant Task ◽  
The World ◽  
Alienation Effect ◽  
Dramatic Text ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Sokolovska S. F.The study of the modern literary situation, in particular, new trends in drama, is a relevant task for literary criticism. The work of playwrights of the 90s of the twentieth century deserves special attention since the literary practice of this generation of artists caused a number of significant shifts in various formally substantive areas of drama. Indicative in this respect are the works of the modern German author R. Schimmelpfennig. In the process of literary study of the play «The Golden Dragon», an analytical model of a literary text has been built, which is correlated with the interpretation model of a literary work. The chronotope and structure of the narrative reflect the artistic picture of the world and the concept of personality. Creating these aspects of artistic reality, the playwright turns to the aesthetics of B. Brecht’s epic theater. First of all, this is the alienation effect, which occurs through seventeen roles that are distributed among five actors. However, the characters are not puppet heroes, human beings without identity, they play the role of storytellers, report events, addressing directly to the audience. The author’s presence is being augmented, which is realized in the epization of a dramatic text, in the author’s direct description of the characters, in the spatio-temporal organization of the work. The reality that the world of a multi-storey building reproduces in the play does not allow a person to realize themselves. Such a manifestation becomes possible in an imaginary world, in human consciousness. The acquisition of personal uniqueness, the establishment of deep, essential connections with other people occurs in an open, unlimited mental space.

scholarly journals Prevention of Imported Infectious Diseases in Travelers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Erovichenkov ◽  
N. N. Zvereva ◽  
M. A. Sayfullin ◽  
N. V. Okolot
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
Imported Infections ◽  
Study Development

In modern conditions, the study, development of methods for the prevention of imported infections after international travel is an urgent problem in many countries of the world. In 2017, the world has committed more than 1322 million international trips, in Russia – 39.6 million trips abroad. The factors influencing the growth in the number of international trips made are singled out. The structure of imported infectious diseases in 380 children and 1580 adult patients hospitalized in Moscow's Infectious Clinical Hospital № 1 between 2009 and 2016 after arriving from foreign countries is given. Objective: to analyze some modern approaches to the prevention of imported infectious diseases. The modern classification of categories of travelers is given. Examples of studies conducted in different countries indicate the important role of pre-travel consultations for the prevention of imported infections. The analysis of the risks of development of certain infectious diseases in travelers has been carried out. Modern algorithms of vaccination before journeys are considered. Attention is drawn to the need to develop centers for medicine in Russia, which will help provide practical health care in the prevention of imported infections.

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