Apprenticeships as a way of Tackling Skills Gaps

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-106
Author(s):  
Suzanne Gatt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Skills Gap ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Approach To Learning ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Early School ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Very High

Malta did not suffer the 2009 economic crisis like other EU Member States. Youth unemployment remained low, and the country was among the first registering economic growth. However, Malta still has a very high percentage of early school leavers and is experiencing a significant skills gap in its labour market. In addition, a Cedefop study forecasted job growth mainly at professional and medium-level qualifications. This chapter is a discussion of how Malta is tackling the skills gap challenge by reforming its apprenticeship schemes. As changes were made to the format and governance of apprenticeships, the schemes were extended to more sectors as well as reflected a more modern approach to learning. As the number of apprenticeships continue to grow, Malta hopes to both be able to keep more young people in school through VET as well as provide a better trained skilled workforce to ensure further economic growth. This chapter can serve as an example for other countries and regions intending to reform their apprenticeship schemes.

EUROPEAN UNION´S SUGAR MARKET CONCENTRATION UNDER THE SUGAR QUOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľuboš SMUTKA ◽  
Helena ŘEZBOVÁ ◽  
Patrik ROVNÝ
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sugar Market ◽  
Current Production ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Eu

The European sugar beet quota system is in very high dynamic process in recent years. The number of sugar companies involved in this system has been constantly decreasing. The aim of this paper is to define subjects (companies/alliances), which possess the current production capacities working under the production quotas system. The paper is determining especially the level of beet sugar production quota holder system concentration using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The paper provides the following findings. The European quota holder system is extremely concentrated and it is becoming more and more dominated by fewer players. Sugar quota is distributed among 19 EU-Member States. In this regard, the quota is generous, especially in relation to France, Germany, Poland and United Kingdom. In Finland, Lithuania, Hungary, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovakia and the United Kingdom controlled by two or even one subject (companies, alliances). There is a large discrepancy between political efforts to distribute equitable R 1308/2013-sugar quotas among states and the actual reality of those distributions. While the EU-quota holder system does not indicate an extreme concentration, an analysis according to the headquarters´ location and allocated quotas to owners of production capacities provides the evidence of extreme concentration.

Determinants of socio-economic transformations of technological systems: theoretical and methodical aspects

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Svitlana Shults ◽  
Olena Lutskiv
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Member States ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Technological Paradigm ◽  
Technological Paradigms ◽  
The Eu

Technological development of society is of unequal cyclic nature and is characterized by changing periods of economic growth, stagnation phases, and technological crises. The new wave of technological changes and new technological basis corresponding to the technological paradigm boost the role of innovations and displace the traditional factors of economic growth. Currently, intellectual and scientific-technical capacity are the main economic development resources. The use of innovation and new knowledge change the technological structure of the economy, increase the elements of the innovative economy, knowledge economy, and digital economy, i.e. the new technological paradigm is formed. The paper aims to research the basic determinants of technological paradigms’ forming and development, and determining their key features, as well as to analyze social transformations of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The paper focuses attention on the research of the features of social transformations. The structural transformations are analyzed based on the Bertelsmann Transformation Index that estimates the quality of democracy, market economy, and political governance. The transformation processes are assessed on the example of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The authors argue that social transformations and structural changes in the economy are related to the change of technological paradigms that boost the economic modernization and gradual progressive development of humanity in general. The nature and main determinants of 5 industrial and 2 post-industrial technological paradigms are outlined. Their general features and main areas of basic technologies implementation emerging in the realization of a certain technological paradigm are explained. The conclusions regarding the fact that innovative technologies and available scientific-technological resources define the main vector of economic development are made. The new emerging technological paradigm is of strategic importance for society development.

Energy Situation and Energy-Related Environment Issues of Pacific Island Countries

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
Suliana Siwatibau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Pacific Island Nations ◽  
Very High

Pacific Islands have experienced low economic growth during the 1980s, and face significant energy problems. Petroleum products are imported at very high prices and biofuel use often leads to resource over-exploitation. However, perhaps the most basic energy-environment concern is the potential for sea level rise. Some Pacific Island nations would vanish altogether, while others would lose their most productive areas.

scholarly journals National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Germany

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Early School ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
Public Datasets

This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Germany. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: youth population; youth employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characte-risation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central criterion, enabling proportional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets. The analyses show that the rural youth population aged 15 to 24 years significantly increa-sed between 2009 and 2012 and then decreased slightly until 2019. The youth employment rate in Germany is generally increasing, and is at all times significantly higher in rural areas than in cities, towns and suburbs. The reverse trend applies to youth unemployment, which generally decreased in the observed period and which is at all times lowest in rural areas. A look at educational attainment levels showed a slight decline in rural areas of low educated persons between 2009 and 2019, while the proportion of rural youth with medium and high education slightly increased. At the same time, the proportion of early school leavers in rural areas after an increase until 2011, fell sharply and reached the 2009 level again by 2019. Be-ing 9% in 2019, it remains, at least in rural areas, slightly below the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strategy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Germany is lower in rural areas in all age classes and as a whole decreased significantly from 2009 to 2019.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Investasi Dan Inflasi Terhadap Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2000-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Hamzah ◽  
Anifatul Hanim ◽  
Herman Cahyo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Very High

Conditions in Jember Regency from year to year economic growth is quite high, but the poverty level is very high as well. This study aims to determine the effect of investment and inflation on the number of poor people in the district of Jember in 2000- 2015. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression. The data used are secondary data formed in time series, the data used include investment, inflation in Jember district for 16 years in the year 2000-2015. Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that investment variables do not significantly affect the number of poor people in Jember, while Inflation has a significant effect on the number of poor people in Jember. Keywords: total investment, inflation, and poor people.

Asymmetric Information and Corporate Risk Management by Using Foreign Currency Derivatives

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingxuan Lin ◽  
Chen-Miao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Corporate Risk Management ◽  
Currency Derivatives ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Corporate Risk ◽  
Very High

We examine how information asymmetry affects a firm's incentive to hedge versus speculate by using foreign currency derivatives. We find a quadratic relation between asymmetric information and a firm's risk management activities. In particular, we find that the firms facing medium level of information asymmetry are more likely to hedge, while firms with very high and low levels of asymmetric information tend to speculate. Moreover, we find that our results hold primary for firms operating in highly competitive industries.

Creative Networks in Regional Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Gibson ◽  
Daniel Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Job Growth

Much recent academic and public discourse has centred on the fate of non-metropolitan Australia under successive federal neoliberal reform agendas. This paper discusses creative networks in non-metropolitan areas in light of this, with a focus on issues of youth unemployment and out-migration. First, it draws on research on creative industry development on the New South Wales Far North Coast to assess the efficacy of creative networks as a source of new job growth in rural areas. Second, and more broadly, the paper discusses the North Coast Entertainment Industry Association (NCEIA), a nascent creative network in the region. Several observations are drawn from its experiences. Creative networks in non-metropolitan areas face problems of informal and itinerant membership, and anti-socialisation attitudes, Yet they appear to have a substantial role in improving the conditions of viability for vulnerable cultural producers. When conceived as part of interventionist strategies to promote youth employment and to stem the youth exodus from rural areas, they may also have sociodemographic implications beyond the scope of their original intent.

Teenagers' Socio and Cultural Values

2015 ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Georg Dutschke ◽  
Julio Garcia del Junco ◽  
Francisco Espansandín-Bustelo ◽  
Mariana Dutschke ◽  
Beatriz Palacios Florencio
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Academic Performance ◽  
Very High

Investigations related to national culture and young are becoming more important (Brown et al., 2002; Larson, 2011). Gelhaar et al. (2007) state that “there is great concern about the poor academic performance and wiling to entrepreneurship of the adolescents and young adults in European countries, especially in the southern regions, where youth unemployment is very high”. For Iberia it's very important that adolescents and young adults have the want to become entrepreneurs, by developing new projects but, mainly, by having entrepreneurship as a purpose for their professional life. Entrepreneurship should be developed both at an individual level and within the organizations. It´s key to achive success, since originates innovation, both incremental and disruptive. This exploratory research aims to identify the relations between teenagers' socio and cultural values and their want to become entrepreneurs. In concrete, if socio and cultural dimensions identified by Hofstede and Minkov (2010) are related with the want to become entrepreneur.

High-Growth Entrepreneurship in the MENA Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Amir Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Young People ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Employment Needs

The development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is experiencing a crucial stage. How the region addresses the employment needs of its rapidly increasing population of young people will determine whether the MENA region will become one characterized by stable, knowledge-based economies that have dynamic working middle class. Entrepreneurship is considered vital to drive this transition of the region. However, not all types of entrepreneurship can contribute equally to increased economic growth and job creation. For these reasons, entrepreneurship literature shows a renewed focus on high-growth entrepreneurship. Increased high-growth entrepreneurship is expected to not only spur job growth but also act as a significant source of innovation and new investments. This article explores the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the MENA region. The chapter discusses various challenges and provides specific recommendations to boost high-growth entrepreneurship in the MENA region.

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