Qualitative and Quantitative Formalisms for Knowledge Representation in the Theory of Multitudes

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Pshenichny
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World

The theory of multitudes pretends to be an alternative to virtually all existing versions of the set theory and claims to better handle the knowledge about changing and evolving world. Then, by analogy, one may expect an original logical system based on the theory of multitudes, and within this logic, an authentic calculus. This chapter presents such calculus. Moreover, a new mathematical methodology can be developed on top of it, which together with the underlying logic, should clearly separate qualitative and quantitative, static and dynamic concerns and offer a formal method to proceed from representation of expert knowledge to modeling the world this knowledge is about.

Drowning in negativism, self-hate, doubt, madness: Linguistic insights into Sylvia Plath’s experience of depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Demjén
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Sylvia Plath ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
Linguistic Approach

This paper demonstrates how a range of linguistic methods can be harnessed in pursuit of a deeper understanding of the ‘lived experience’ of psychological disorders. It argues that such methods should be applied more in medical contexts, especially in medical humanities. Key extracts from The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath are examined, as a case study of the experience of depression. Combinations of qualitative and quantitative linguistic methods, and inter- and intra-textual comparisons are used to consider distinctive patterns in the use of metaphor, personal pronouns and (the semantics of) verbs, as well as other relevant aspects of language. Qualitative techniques provide in-depth insights, while quantitative corpus methods make the analyses more robust and ensure the breadth necessary to gain insights into the individual experience. Depression emerges as a highly complex and sometimes potentially contradictory experience for Plath, involving both a sense of apathy and inner turmoil. It involves a sense of a split self, trapped in a state that one cannot overcome, and intense self-focus, a turning in on oneself and a view of the world that is both more negative and more polarized than the norm. It is argued that a linguistic approach is useful beyond this specific case.

EDUCATION – RETURN TO REALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Alexander Lukankin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Natural Science Education ◽  
Technical Professions

The post-socialist transformation of general and vocational education system has led to the loss of many positive gains that were already achieved earlier. The polytechnic character of our school and its practice-oriented foundations, based on a reasonable combination of basic education and professional and applied training, were seriously undermined. Modern Russian secondary schools have become something like pre-revolutionary classical high schools, without taking into account the significant fact that in pre-Soviet Russia, along with high schools, there was a wide network of real schools. They focused students on further mastering technical professions and active participation in the production sector of the country. Today we are witnessing a global revolution in the spiritual sphere, aimed at changing the very essence of a man. Note that natural science education is valuable not only for its formal method, but also for providing the basis for a correct understanding of the world. It fosters independence of thought and distrust of other people’s words and authorities. This is the best protection of the human mind from all sorts of superstitions delusions and mysticism.

scholarly journals Plato on Natural Kinds: The Promethean Method of the Philebus

Apeiron ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Proios
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Natural Kind ◽  
Intelligent Design ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Natural Kinds ◽  
Natural World ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Abstract Plato’s invention of the metaphor of carving the world by the joints (Phaedrus 265d–66c) gives him a privileged place in the history of natural kind theory in philosophy and science; he is often understood to present a paradigmatic but antiquated view of natural kinds as possessing eternal, immutable, necessary essences. Yet, I highlight that, as a point of distinction from contemporary views about natural kinds, Plato subscribes to an intelligent-design, teleological framework, in which the natural world is the product of craft and, as a result, is structured such that it is good for it to be that way. In Plato’s Philebus, the character Socrates introduces a method of inquiry whose articulation of natural kinds enables it to confer expert knowledge, such as literacy. My paper contributes to an understanding of Plato’s view of natural kinds by interpreting this method in light of Plato’s teleological conception of nature. I argue that a human inquirer who uses the method identifies kinds with relational essences within a system causally related to the production of some unique craft-object, such as writing. As a result, I recast Plato’s place in the history of philosophy, including Plato’s view of the relation between the kinds according to the natural and social sciences. Whereas some are inclined to separate natural from social kinds, Plato holds the unique view that all naturalness is a social feature of kinds reflecting the role of intelligent agency.

Research on Performance Evaluation of Finance Transportation Projects Based on Fuzzy Neural Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Zhen Ji Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Fuzzy Neural Network ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Performance Evaluation System ◽  
Transportation Projects ◽  
Fuzzy Neural

A performance evaluation system of finance transportation projects is mainly researched, in which the sub-module of the highway projects evaluation, waterway projects evaluation, Passenger stations projects evaluation, Energy saving projects evaluation are incorporated. In addition, the expert knowledge are inserted in the system, the multi-layer neural network and fuzzy-set theory are used to implement Performance Evaluation system of Finance invest Transportation Projects, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation system are finally verified by practice.

Mixed qualitative–quantitative approach for bidding decisions in construction

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Mohamed ◽  
Parinaz Jafari ◽  
Ahmed Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Mixed Approach

PurposeThe bid/no-bid decision is critical to the success of construction contractors. The factors affecting the bid/no-bid decision are either qualitative or quantitative. Previous studies on modeling the bidding decision have not extensively focused on distinguishing qualitative and quantitative factors. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to improve the bidding decision in construction projects by developing tools that consider both qualitative and quantitative factors affecting the bidding decision.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach to deal with both qualitative and quantitative factors. The mixed qualitative-quantitative approach is developed by combining a rule-based expert system and fuzzy-based expert system. The rule-based expert system is used to evaluate the project based on qualitative factors and the fuzzy expert system is used to evaluate the project based on the quantitative factors in order to reach the comprehensive bid/no-bid decision.FindingsThree real bidding projects are used to investigate the applicability and functionality of the proposed mixed approach and are tested with experts of a construction company in Alberta, Canada. The results demonstrate that the mixed approach provides a more reliable, accurate and practical tool that can assist decision-makers involved in the bid/no-bid decision.Originality/valueThis study contributes theoretically to the body of knowledge by (1) proposing a novel approach capable of modeling all types of factors (either qualitative or quantitative) affecting the bidding decision, and (2) providing means to acquire, store and reuse expert knowledge. Practical contribution of this paper is to provide decision-makers with a comprehensive model that mimics the decision-making process and stores experts' knowledge in the form of rules. Therefore, the model reduces the administrative burden on the decision-makers, saves time and effort and reduces bias and human errors during the bidding process.

scholarly journals The World Is Not a Theorem

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467
Author(s):  
Stuart Kauffman ◽  
Andrea Roli
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Generative Process ◽  
Behavioral Adaptations ◽  
The World

The evolution of the biosphere unfolds as a luxuriant generative process of new living forms and functions. Organisms adapt to their environment, exploit novel opportunities that are created in this continuous blooming dynamics. Affordances play a fundamental role in the evolution of the biosphere, for organisms can exploit them for new morphological and behavioral adaptations achieved by heritable variations and selection. This way, the opportunities offered by affordances are then actualized as ever novel adaptations. In this paper, we maintain that affordances elude a formalization that relies on set theory: we argue that it is not possible to apply set theory to affordances; therefore, we cannot devise a set-based mathematical theory to deduce the diachronic evolution of the biosphere.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Media in Learning Physics: Teacher and Student Perceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Rika Dwi Kurniati ◽  
◽  
Doni Andra ◽  
I Wayan Distrik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Physics Learning ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Physics Teacher ◽  
The World ◽  
Teacher And Student Perceptions ◽  
Preliminary Study

This study aims to determine the role of social media in learning. We know that today, social media has an indispensable role in the learning process. In addition, social media has made it a smaller world through social media so that people from anywhere in the world can interact without being limited by distance and time. This study used a mixed-method consisting of qualitative and quantitative data. This research involved 308 students in Lampung province. The results of the research conducted stated that 65% of students used smartphones in learning. 73.2% of students stated that the application that is often opened is social media. 87.2% stated that the most frequently accessed social media is chatting media. 48.2% of students prefer playing on social media for learning physics. 72.3% of students stated that they prefer to discuss through chatting media. Based on the results of the preliminary study, the role of social media is very active, 48% of students stated that they use social media for learning discussions. . 43% of teachers stated that they always use social media to support learning. Keywords: social media, physics learning, smartphone

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE OF PROJECT RISK ASSESSMENT AND EDUCATION NEEDS IN PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Masár ◽  
Mária Hudáková
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Project Risk Management ◽  
Project Risk ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Project Risks ◽  
Project Risk Assessment

Current trends show that education in the field of project risk management is a very actual topic. Long - term projects, which was realized in 2018, was mainly focused on R&D across the world. Short - term projects, was focused on innovation and improve manufacturing processes. Many projects failed because project managers did not manage project risks. Project managers have less knowledge and skills on how to effectively manage project risks, especially risks in the planning phase of projects. The main aim of this article is to analyze the current state of usage project risk assessment across the world, based on own empirical research, which was provided, by authors in 2018 and 2019 (mainly level of usage project risk management methods, experience and level of education). The research focused on analyzing the current state of project risk assessment among continents. The authors focused on the average level of use qualitative and quantitative project risk analysis by project managers, level of project risk management experience by project managers and complexity of learning in using of qualitative and quantitative project risk management methods and tools.  Some recommendation were established to educate project managers in the field of project risk management.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Integrated Modeling for Stochastic Simulation and Optimization

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Yan ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Yan Wen ◽  
Xudong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Uncertain Reasoning ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Level Model ◽  
High Level

The simulation and optimization of an actual physics system are usually constructed based on the stochastic models, which have both qualitative and quantitative characteristics inherently. Most modeling specifications and frameworks find it difficult to describe the qualitative model directly. In order to deal with the expert knowledge, uncertain reasoning, and other qualitative information, a qualitative and quantitative combined modeling specification was proposed based on a hierarchical model structure framework. The new modeling approach is based on a hierarchical model structure which includes the meta-meta model, the meta-model and the high-level model. A description logic system is defined for formal definition and verification of the new modeling specification. A stochastic defense simulation was developed to illustrate how to model the system and optimize the result. The result shows that the proposed method can describe the complex system more comprehensively, and the survival probability of the target is higher by introducing qualitative models into quantitative simulation.

Modern approaches to evaluating the efficiency of mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
A. B. Kolokoltseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Russia is the largest country in the world and occupies one of the leading places on the planet in terms of natural resources, but the bulk of deposits were explored to some extent more than a quarter of a century ago, back in the Soviet era. Due to the changes in the sources of financing for the reproduction of mineral resources and geological exploration of the subsurface, qualitative and quantitative indicators are reduced by an order of magnitude, which leads to greater risks in the development of mineral deposits. Even despite the large number of scientific papers, the economic situation forces us to search for more modern and multi-parametric methods for evaluating the efficiency of mining. The article considers the main economic methods for evaluating the efficiency of mining, determines their essence and application features. On the basis of conducted analysis, disadvantages and advantages of using the studied methods were identified, and the author's interpretation of the economic assessment of efficiency of mining resources was given.

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