Nutritional Benefits of Selected Plant-Based Proteins as Meat Alternatives

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-83
Author(s):  
Seydi Yıkmış ◽  
Ramazan Mert Atan ◽  
Nursena Kağan ◽  
Levent Gülüm ◽  
Harun Aksu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Main Protein ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Humans meet their nutritional requirements by consuming food, and our body uses naturally sufficient amounts of all necessary nutrients to maintain its functioning. Proteins form the basis of the human diet because they are necessary for immune responses, cell signals, muscle masses, and the repair of damaged cells. Animal and plant food products are the main protein sources in the human diet. Based on scientific evidence, proteins derived from animals recently started to be replaced by plant-based options as prefered proteins for a range of reasons. Consumption of non-meat protein sources being shown to be healthy and environmentally friendly is a major consideration. Plant-based protein is helping minimize high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, certain types of cancer, including colorectal, ovarian, and breast cancers, and a diet based on non-animal proteins could increase life expectancy and decrease greenhouse gases emissions from livestock as less resources are used for plant production. The chapter describes the nutritional benefits and current uses of nine non-animal protein sources and the health benefits arising from replacing animal protein.

Nutritional Benefits of Selected Plant-Based Proteins as Meat Alternatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1139-1160
Author(s):  
Seydi Yıkmış ◽  
Ramazan Mert Atan ◽  
Nursena Kağan ◽  
Levent Gülüm ◽  
Harun Aksu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Main Protein ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Humans meet their nutritional requirements by consuming food, and our body uses naturally sufficient amounts of all necessary nutrients to maintain its functioning. Proteins form the basis of the human diet because they are necessary for immune responses, cell signals, muscle masses, and the repair of damaged cells. Animal and plant food products are the main protein sources in the human diet. Based on scientific evidence, proteins derived from animals recently started to be replaced by plant-based options as prefered proteins for a range of reasons. Consumption of non-meat protein sources being shown to be healthy and environmentally friendly is a major consideration. Plant-based protein is helping minimize high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, certain types of cancer, including colorectal, ovarian, and breast cancers, and a diet based on non-animal proteins could increase life expectancy and decrease greenhouse gases emissions from livestock as less resources are used for plant production. The chapter describes the nutritional benefits and current uses of nine non-animal protein sources and the health benefits arising from replacing animal protein.

scholarly journals Animal Protein Sources as a Substitute for Fishmeal in Aquaculture Diets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3854
Author(s):  
Rendani Luthada-Raswiswi ◽  
Samson Mukaratirwa ◽  
Gordon O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
By Products

Fishmeal is the main source of dietary protein for most commercially farmed fish species. However, fishmeal prices have been raised even further because of competition with domestic animals, shortage in world fishmeal supply, and increased demand. Increased fishmeal prices have contributed to the quest for alternatives necessary to replace fishmeal as a global research priority. A literature search was conducted using these terms on Google Scholar and EBSCOhost; fishmeal replacement in fish feeds, fishmeal alternatives in fish feeds, animal protein sources in aquaculture, insects in fish feeds, terrestrial by-products, and fishery by-products. To calculate the variation between experiments, a random effect model was used. Results indicated that different fish species, sizes, and inclusion levels were used in the various studies and showed that the use of insects, terrestrial by-products, and fishery by-products has some limitations. Despite these drawbacks, the use of animal protein sources as a replacement for fishmeal in fish diets has had a positive impact on the feed conversion ratio, variable growth rate, final weight, and survival rate of different types of fish species of different size groups. Findings also showed that some animal by-products had not been assessed as a protein source in aquaculture or animal feeds, and future studies are recommended.

scholarly journals Telomere Length and Oxidative Stress and Its Relation with Metabolic Syndrome Components in the Aging

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Graciela Gavia-García ◽  
Juana Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde ◽  
Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez ◽  
Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

A great amount of scientific evidence supports that Oxidative Stress (OxS) can contribute to telomeric attrition and also plays an important role in the development of certain age-related diseases, among them the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is characterised by clinical and biochemical alterations such as obesity, dyslipidaemia, arterial hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and insulin resistance, all of which are considered as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases, which are associated in turn with an increase of OxS. In this sense, we review scientific evidence that supports the association between OxS with telomere length (TL) dynamics and the relationship with MetS components in aging. It was analysed whether each MetS component affects the telomere length separately or if they all affect it together. Likewise, this review provides a summary of the structure and function of telomeres and telomerase, the mechanisms of telomeric DNA repair, how telomere length may influence the fate of cells or be linked to inflammation and the development of age-related diseases, and finally, how the lifestyles can affect telomere length.

scholarly journals Replacement of red and processed meat with other food sources of protein and the risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations; the EPIC-InterAct study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Ibsen ◽  
Marinka Steur ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Kim Overvad ◽  
Matthias B. Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

OBJECTIVE <p>There is sparse evidence for suitable food substitutions for red and processed meat on risk of type 2 diabetes. We modelled the association between replacing red and processed meat with other protein sources and the risk of type 2 diabetes and estimated its population impact.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort included 11,741 type 2 diabetes cases and a subcohort of 15,450 participants in eight countries. We modelled the replacement of self-reported red and processed meat with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, cheese, cereals, yogurt, milk and nuts. Country-specific hazard ratios (HR) for incident type 2 diabetes were estimated by Prentice-weighted Cox regression and pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>There was a lower hazard for type 2 diabetes for the modelled replacement of red and processed meat (50 g/day) with cheese (HR 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.83–0.97; 30 g/day), yogurt (0.90, 0.86–0.95; 70 g/day), nuts (0.90, 0.84–0.96; 10 g/day) or cereals (0.92, 0.88–0.96; 30 g/day) but null for replacements with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes or milk. Assuming a causal association, replacing red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt or nuts could prevent 8.8%, 8.3% or 7.5%, respectively, of new cases of type 2 diabetes.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p>Replacement of red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt, nuts or cereals was associated with a lower rate of type 2 diabetes. Substituting red and processed meat by other protein sources may contribute to the prevention of incident type 2 diabetes in European populations.</p>

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF EARLY WEANED PIGS TO FULL-FAT SOYBEAN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A. O. FANIMO
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Large White ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Weaned Pig ◽  
Almost All

24 Large White X Landrace pigs weaned at 28 about 10% of the total feed is said to offer days with initial liveweight of 5.27±0.23 kg were valuable additional micro-nutrients such as fed four animal protein concentrates (fish meal However, almost all the fish (FM), Chicken offal meal (COM), fresh blood meal (FBM) and parboiled blood meal (PBM) diets based on full-fat soybean (FFSB) for 8 prices weeks to test different animal protein sources of protein and for early weaned pig. The diets contained 23% crude protein and 3100 Kcal ME/kg diet. Blood meal slightly reduced weight gain and feed intake but compared favourably with fish meal and chicken offal meal in efficiency of feed utilization. Parboiling of the blood slightly (P>0.05) depressed the performance of the pigs;even when the pigs had the same feed intake.. Fish meal increased (P<0.05) serum total protein and serum albumin levels.This study indicated that early weaned pigs fed soybean based diets supplemented with chicken offal meal and blood meal gave similar performance to those fed diet supplemented with fish meal.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Proximate and Micro-Nutritional Benefits of Pawpaw, Carrots, Turmeric and Coconut

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
CO Ajenu ◽  
◽  
EE Imhontu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Sensory Attribute ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Mg Content

Natural products are essential components in the human diet providing vital micronutrients such as vitamins (A, B, C, E) and minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium etc.) that are essential for proper growth and development as well as playing other roles in normal body function or metabolism. The aim of this study is to evaluate the proximate and micronutrient composition of some selected plant samples: pawpaw, carrots, turmeric and coconut. The proximate and micronutrient composition of the different fruits evaluation was carried out using methods. Results obtained shows that carrot have the highest moisture content of 84.1%, pawpaw have the highest fiber content of 23.8%, crude protein content of 12.8% and ash content of 9.6%. Coconuts have the highest fat content of 43.0% and the highest carbohydrate content was recorded in turmeric (68.59%). Highest vitamin C content was recorded in pawpaw 60.3 mg, while coconut have the highest zinc (8.0 mg), copper (4.2 mg) and iron (21.3 mg) content. Carrots have the highest sodium content of 84.0 mg. These fruits are cheap and rich in several micronutrients thus consuming them often will help reduce micronutrient malnutrition. They can also be processed into various forms domestically and on industrial scale for juices, soups, etc and can also be used to complement other foods to improve both nutrient and sensory attribute.

Dietary flavonoids as a potential intervention to improve redox balance in obesity and related co-morbidities: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gentile ◽  
Matteo Fornai ◽  
Carolina Pellegrini ◽  
Rocchina Colucci ◽  
Corrado Blandizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cell Cycle Control ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders

AbstractObesity represents one of major health problems strongly linked to other co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, CVD, gastrointestinal disorders and cognitive impairment. In this context, nutritional stress, such as an excess of fat intake, promotes a systemic oxidative stress, characterised by hyperproduction of reactive oxygen species, leading to cellular alterations that include impaired energy metabolism, altered cell signalling and cell cycle control, impaired cell transport mechanisms and overall dysfunctional biological activity. Flavonoids, dietary components of plant foods, are endowed with a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant activity, and have been proposed to reduce the risk of major chronic diseases. The present review intends to highlight and critically discuss the current scientific evidence on the possible effects of flavonoids in counteracting obesity and related co-morbidities (i.e. type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD, gastrointestinal disorders and cognitive impairment) through a decrease in oxidative stress and related inflammatory conditions.

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