RESPONSE OF EARLY WEANED PIGS TO FULL-FAT SOYBEAN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES

24 Large White X Landrace pigs weaned at 28 about 10% of the total feed is said to offer days with initial liveweight of 5.27±0.23 kg were valuable additional micro-nutrients such as fed four animal protein concentrates (fish meal However, almost all the fish (FM), Chicken offal meal (COM), fresh blood meal (FBM) and parboiled blood meal (PBM) diets based on full-fat soybean (FFSB) for 8 prices weeks to test different animal protein sources of protein and for early weaned pig. The diets contained 23% crude protein and 3100 Kcal ME/kg diet. Blood meal slightly reduced weight gain and feed intake but compared favourably with fish meal and chicken offal meal in efficiency of feed utilization. Parboiling of the blood slightly (P>0.05) depressed the performance of the pigs;even when the pigs had the same feed intake.. Fish meal increased (P<0.05) serum total protein and serum albumin levels.This study indicated that early weaned pigs fed soybean based diets supplemented with chicken offal meal and blood meal gave similar performance to those fed diet supplemented with fish meal.

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EVALUATION OF TWO ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES IN SINGLE PHASE FEEDING OF BROILER CHICKENS

Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment ◽

10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1922 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 159-168

Author(s):

U. OKAH ◽

G. C. OKEKE ◽

A. I. UKANWOKO ◽

T. B. ADEWOLE

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Blood Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Control Diet ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Diet Group ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Protein Sources

A study was carried out to compare the use of blood meal and fish meal as protein sources in single phase feeding of broiler chickens. Three isonitrogenious and isocaloric diets containing between 20.5 to 21.1 % CP and 3440 to 3454 kcal/kg ME were formulated. The control diet contained none of the animal protein sources while the other two diets contained blood meal and fish meal at 6%, respectively. After six weeks of straight feeding, data were collected on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Carcass characteristics and cost benefit were also calculated. The results indicated that birds fed fish meal based diet consumed more feed (p< 0.05) than those on control diet, while intake of those on blood meal based diet was an interphase between the control and fish meal based diet groups. The birds fed fish meal based diet also recorded higher (p< 0.05) daily weight gain than those on control and blood meal based diets. Feed conversion ratio was better in the group fed fish meal based diet than those fed the control diet, but similar (p> 0.05) to the group fed the blood meal based diet. The dressing percentage of the birds was similar (p>0.05) in the control and blood meal based diet groups, but they were higher (p<0.05) than the fish meal based diet group. The neck, back, drumstick and head were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control group than in the groups containing animal protein. Cost benefit analysis showed that feed cost and cost per kg weight gain were higher (p< 0.05) in fish meal based diet group than in control and blood meal based diet groups. Revenue per bird and gross margin were higher (p< 0.05) in the blood meal based diet group than in the control diet and fish meal based diet groups. In conclusion, fast growing broiler chickens for eatery houses can be better reared with a single diet of 21 % CP and 3440 kcal/kg ME using blood meal as a protein source. Keywords: , , , , , ,

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Diets containing high-quality animal proteins increase growth of early-weaned pigs

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar01191 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 779 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

F. R. Dunshea ◽

D. K. Kerton ◽

P. J. Eason ◽

T. Moyes ◽

J. R. Pluske

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Bovine Colostrum ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Freeze Dried

A production experiment was conducted with 96 fourteen-day-old weaned male piglets to compare diets containing preparations of freeze-dried porcine plasma (P) and freeze-dried bovine colostrum (C) for 35 days after weaning. These diets were compared with a diet consisting of soybean meal (SP) and a diet with animal protein sources (AP). All diets contained varying proportions of bloodmeal, fishmeal, meat and bone meal, and skim milk powder. The levels of colostrum and porcine plasma were reduced from 60 g/kg to 25 g/kg after the first week of weaning. There were no effects of diet on performance in the first 4 days after weaning. However, between 18 and 21 days of age, pigs fed the SP diet ate less (P < 0.001) and grew slower (P = 0.002) than pigs fed diets containing AP, C, or P. In the second week after weaning, pigs fed diets with C and P showed a tendency to perform better (P�=�0.11) than those fed AP or SP. By 35 days of age, pigs fed diets containing colostrum and plasma were, on average, 6% heavier (P = 0.037) than pigs fed the AP and SP diets. The effects of dietary protein on voluntary feed intake were most pronounced up to 28 days of age in pigs fed the SP diet. There appeared little benefit of feeding C and P to early-weaned pigs over feeding a predominantly animal protein diet, although daily gain was 6% less (P�= 0.47). There were no differences (P > 0.05) in feed intake and growth rate between 28 and 35 days of age, and feed conversion efficiency was not altered by dietary protein source. Under these experimental conditions the use of bovine colostrum and a combination of animal protein sources was comparable with using freeze-dried porcine plasma in diets for early-weaned pigs. Inclusion of soybean meal in diets, however, resulted in inferior performance.

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Comparative evaluation of fish, crayfish waste, meat and blood meal for broiler production

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v46i1.1321 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 71-76

Author(s):

O. A. Ukoha ◽

E. E. Nsa ◽

D. N. Onunkwo ◽

J. C. Ezike

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Blood Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Broiler Production ◽

Meat Meal

The effect of different animal protein sources in broiler production was investigated. 300 seven-day old broilers of equal average initial weight were randomly allotted into five treatment groups with three replications of 20 birds each and at the end of 28 days, birds were weighed again and re-randomized to the five treatment groups with three replicates of 16 birds each. The diets consisted of four animal proteins. Treatment 1 (Control) had no animal protein while diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 had 4% fish meal, 4% crayfish waste meal, 4% blood meal and 4% meat meal, respectively. The study was conducted for 56 days with 28days starter phase and 28days finisher phase. Parameters evaluated were proximate composition of test ingredients, growth performance of experimental animals, nutrient digestibility and economic analysis. The results showed blood meal had the highest (P<0.05) crude protein level (77.68%) followed by fish meal (54.53%), crayfish waste (48.08%) and meat meal (41.67%). Cray fish waste meal had the highest (P<0.05) crude fibre (6.07%) while blood meal had the least (2.98%). Fish meal had the highest ether extract (5.99%) followed by crayfish waste meal (4.03%), meat meal (3.67%) and blood meal (3.93%). There were nonsignificant (P<0.05) differences in feed intake during both starter and finisher phases across the treatment groups. Blood meal significantly (P<0.05) depressed final live weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio while other ingredients showed (P>0.05) similarities in the above parameters apart from in protein efficiency ratio for which meat meal only showed significant (P<0.05) depression. The least cost per kg feed and least cost per kg weight gain (naira) were observed with birds on crayfish diets. There was better (P<0.05) digestibility of crude protein by birds on treatment diets 1 and 2 followed by 3 and 4 while birds than on treatment diet5 had the least value (58.10%). Conclusively, the use of crayfish waste meal in broiler starter diets and combined proteins in broiler fisher diets should be encouraged.

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3 Nursery Pig Research Under Dr. Gary Allee

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 15-15

Author(s):

Kevin Touchette

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

University Of Missouri ◽

Diet Formulation ◽

Nursery Pig ◽

Weaned Pig

Abstract Dr. Gary Allee focused on many different topics in nursery pig nutrition over his years at Kansas State University and University of Missouri. This talk will discuss four main areas of research. The first area of research was evaluating soybean meal and soy products and hypersensitivity in early weaned pigs. They demonstrated that allergens present in soybean meal caused a hypersensitivity in weaned pigs which reduced feed intake and growth in the early nursery period, but the pigs recovered to be of similar weight at the end of the nursery. They also demonstrated that high protein soy products do not cause this same reaction. The second area was evaluating new sources of sugars/lactose for nursery diets. When dried whey permeate was first produced and considered to be a novel ingredient, they demonstrated that it could replace the lactose from whey and skim milk in weaned pig diets. Further research showed that up to 50% of the lactose requirement could be met by other simple sugars provided by sugar food by-products. The third area was understanding of the mode of action in which spray-dried plasma works in weaned pig diets. They demonstrated that while being fed plasma, there was a reduction in immune stimulation to the pig, which resulted in an improved feed intake and growth after weaning. The fourth area was evaluating fish meal and fish oil. They demonstrated that both fish oil and fish meal alter the immune system, but fish meal was the best at improving performance under challenging conditions. These trials were both relevant at the time they were run to influence practical nursery diet formulation, but also helped set the background for future trials.

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The effect on the reproductive performance of sows of dietary protein concentration and pattern of feeding in pregnancy

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600014520 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 301-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

I. H. Pike ◽

T. G. Boaz

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Live Weight ◽

Lactation Performance ◽

Large White ◽

Low Protein ◽

Lower Capacity ◽

In Pregnancy

SUMMARYIn a factorial experiment the effect of two protein intakes and three patterns of feeding in the second pregnancy of 48 Large White x Wessex Saddleback sows was examined. The high protein (HP) diet (19·5% crude protein) contained 15% white fish meal. The low protein (LP) diet (10·5% crude protein) contained cereal protein only. Nutrient components of the diets differed in protein only. The pattern treatments involved allowances of 1·8 kg (L), 2·7 kg (C) and 3·6 kg (H) per day, the three pregnancy patterns being HL, C and LH with the changeovers made from the 49th to the 63rd day post coitum (p.c). Sows on the three pattern treatments received the same total amount of feed from 0–112 days p.c. and were treated alike at farrowing and during lactation.Fertility and parturition results were similar for all treatments, but the number of piglets alive after birth (when weighed) was least for LP sows on the HL pattern. At 3 weeks of age the size and weight of litters on HP sows were significantly greater than those on LP sows (P < 0·05 and < 0·001 respectively). More piglets were weaned by HP sows than LP sows (P < 0·05). HP sows gained more weight in pregnancy (P < 0·001) which was slightly longer, and lost more weight in lactation (P < 0·05) than LP sows.The HL pattern of feeding was associated with smaller live weight gains in pregnancy than the LH pattern (P < 0·001) and the total birth weight of HL litters was lighter than LH (P < 0·05), mean piglet weights being similar. Lactation performance was unaffected by pattern treatment.The main conclusion is that a low intake, particularly during the latter half of pregnancy, of protein which is of vegetable origin, is associated with decreased viability of the piglets at birth and in early suckling life, and with lower capacity of the sows for milk production.

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Performance and nutrient digestibility of crossbred weaned pigs fed raw pride of barbados (Caesalpina pulcherrima) seed meal

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i1.772 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 185-191

Author(s):

A. A. Ogunbode ◽

A. F. Baderinwa ◽

I. O. Gbemisola

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Control Diet ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Seed Meal ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Large White ◽

Final Body Weight

Deficit of conventional feed resources in meeting increased demand has led to hike in their prices culminating in soaring cost of livestock feed. This has necessitated the search for cheap and easily available alternatives. Pride of barbados seed which constitute a waste has potential of becoming a cheap and easily available feed resource. Performance and nutrient digestibility of dietary inclusion of raw pride of barbados seed meal was evaluated in an eight week feeding trial. Atotal of sixteen crossbred (Large White x Landrace) weaned pigs of eight weeks of age were weighed and allotted to four dietary treatments with four pigs each being a replicate in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 (control) was without raw pride of barbados seed meal while 5%, 10% and 15% of virgin raw pride of barbados were included in diets 2,3 and 4 respectively. Weekly weight gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and nutrient digestibility of raw pride of barbados seed meal was also determined. Results revealed a significant average final body weight of 16.75kg (diet 3) to 24.50kg (diet 4).The pigs fed 15% raw pride of barbados had the highest feed intake of 137.20kg in diet 4 while the lowest feed intake was obtained in pigs fed 10% (diet 3) inclusion level of raw pride of barbados. Pigs maintained on the control diet had the best feed conversion (7.60kg) while the pigs fed diet 3 had the lowest feed conversion ratio (8.93kg). Crude protein, ether extract and dry matter digestibility was highest at T4 (84.15%, 80.21% and 86.70%) respectively while the least values (68.71%, 65.75% and 71.10% was obtained in T2 and T3 respectively. This study concluded that 15% inclusion of raw pride of barbados in the diets of crossbred weaned pigs had no deleterious effect on performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs.

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Total replacement of fish meal with animal protein sources in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), feeds

Aquaculture Research ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2109.1998.00199.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 275-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

A‐F M El‐Sayed

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Total Replacement ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

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Studies on pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas. 2. Disappearance of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids from diets containing different protein sources

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9800627 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 627 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

AR Alimon ◽

DJ Farrell

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Peanut Meal ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Meat Meal

Quantitative estimates of disappearances of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids anterior to the mid-point and terminal ileumof the small intestine were made in pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas and offered six diets containing wheat alone or supplemented with either meat meal, fish meal, peanut meal, soybean meal or sunflower meal. Apparent digestibilities of dietary dry matter and nitrogen were also estimated by faecal measurements. Disappearance of dry matter and nitrogen was greater anterior to the mid-point than at the end of the small intestine and the rectum. Amounts disappearing at each location and between the three locations differed significantly between protein sources. Up to 10% of dietary dry matter and nitrogen disappeared in the large intestine. For lysine, methionine, threonine and valine, absorption was greater anterior than posterior to the midpoint of the small intestine for all diets except that containing only wheat. Measurements made of the disappearance of amino acids anterior to the large intestine indicated that the apparent availability of the majority of ammo acids of peanut meal, followed by soybean meal, was greater than those of meat meal (52 % crude protein) and fish meal (50 % crude protein).

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