DWDM Technology and E-Government Initiatives

2011 ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
Marlyn Kemper Littman
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
The Public ◽  
Light Pulses ◽  
Network Backbone ◽  
Use Of The Internet

The pervasive use of the Internet and unprecedented demand for dependable access to bandwidth-intensive multimedia applications motivate utilization of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) as a technological enabler of electronic government (e-government) operations by public agencies. In the public-sector, DWDM increasingly serves as a reliable technology for enhancing citizen access to inter-agency and intra-agency e-government programs, regulations, and policies and providing high-speed connectivity to e-government resources via optical fiber, a medium that transports voice, video, and data signals as light pulses. In addition to provisioning connections to feature-rich applications, DWDM also supports network backbone operations and accommodates bandwidth requirements for e-government interactions that take the form of government-to-government (G2G), government-to-employee (G2E), government-to-citizen (G2C), and government-to-business (G2B) exchanges (Carter & Belanger, 2004). This chapter delineates the distinctive attributes of DWDM technology and the capabilities of DWDM in providing the capacity necessary for supporting e-government services that are responsive to citizen requirements. Metropolitan area and wider area e-government initiatives that utilize DWDM technology are described. Finally, considerations leading to effective utilization of this technology in supporting public-sector services are explored.

scholarly journals EDFA AND EYCDFA POWER BOOSTER FOR SECURED, HIGH SPEED AND MULTIPLE WAVELENGTH SERVICES IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS USING WDM AND QUAD-SINGLE FORWARD AND TRI BACKWARD PUMPING TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Semmalar ◽  
S. Malarkkan
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Signal Power ◽  
Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Output Optical Power ◽  
Wavelength Division

Proposed the EDFA and EYCDFA power booster (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier- Erbium ytterbium co doped fiber amplifier) with quad pumping for high speed and multi wavelength services in an optical communication. The proposed EDFA and EYCDFA power booster with WDM(Wavelength division multiplexing) simulated by dual forward and Backward pumping, Dual-backward pumping, Tri-single forward and dual backward pumping and Quadsingle forward and tri-backward pumping with respect to Pump power and fiber Length. The parameters Input Optical power, Output Optical power, Forward Signal power, Backward Signal power measured and determined the speed of transmission in all types of pumping methods. From that the proposed EDFA- ans EYCDFA power booster with WDM quad pumping is the best suitable for secured high speed optical telecommunication systems. The results shown in Quad pumping Output optical power is maximum 25.2dB and optimum spectral forward Signal power is 30.5dBm and very less spectral optical backward signal power of -25.4dBm with Length 5m

E-Government Implementation Perspective

2012 ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Mahmud Akhter Shareef ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Uma Kumar ◽  
Abdul Hannan Chowdhury ◽  
Subhas C. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Specific Strategy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Information And Communication

Though many countries are still just beginning to grasp the potential uses and impacts of Electronic-government (EG), advances in technologies and their applications continue. Observing the proliferation of EG, countries are increasingly turning to the Internet to market their EG system to gain a competitive advantage. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of such online government systems largely depends on the mission of implementing EG. For successful adoption and implementation of EG, it is essential that a country first identify an explicit objective and a specific strategy. We have examined implemention strategies of EG of seven diverse countries whose objectives and mission for implementing EG differ significantly. However, they have the following strategies in common: i) extensive application of information and communication technology (ICT) in the public sector; ii) overall reformation of the public sector; iii) development of a better quality service structure; and iv) more cohesive integration of citizens with government.

Measuring E-Government in Italy

2011 ◽  
pp. 2830-2841
Author(s):  
Marcella Corsi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Back Office ◽  
The Impact

This chapter describes our experience in establishing an Observatory for the measurement of the impact of e-government policies onto the efficiency and the effectiveness of the Italian public sector. Such an Observatory is based on evaluation procedures different from those used in other measurement exercises, such as e-Europe or those belonging to the Big Five consultant groups. Moreover, the adopted definition of “e-government” is slightly different than the usual one, as it takes into account not only the mere providing of e-services, but also the whole impact of ICT in terms of transformation of Public Administration — both at a “front-” and at a “back-office” level. What has made us think about a new evaluation method is the desire for a standard, transparent (i.e., one that everyone understands) system, which, while it takes into account the overall level of e-government, the type and number of online services, and their ease of access and quality, also considers policy actions which flavor the spread of electronic government applications, both inside and outside the public sector.

Comparative Analysis of High Speed 20/20 Gbps OTDM-PON, WDM-PON and TWDM-PON for Long-Reach NG-PON2

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meet Kumari ◽  
Reecha Sharma ◽  
Anu Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractNowadays, bandwidth demand is enormously increasing, that causes the existing passive optical network (PON) to become the future optical access network. In this paper, next generation passive optical network 2 (NG-PON2) based, optical time division multiplexing passive optical network (OTDM-PON), wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) and time & wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) systems with 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) downstream and 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) upstream capacity for eight optical network units has been proposed. The performance has been compared by varying the input power (−6 to 27 dBm) and transmission distance (10–130 km) in terms of Q-factor and optical received power in the presence of fiber noise and non-linearities. It has been observed that TWDM-PON outperforms OTDM-PON and WDM-PON for high input power and data rate (20/20 Gbps). Also, TWDM-PON shows its superiority for long-reach transmission up to 130 km, which is a cost-effective solution for future NG-PON2 applications.

scholarly journals The Priority of Factors of Building Government as a Platform with Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungjun Seo ◽  
Seunghwan Myeong
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Nowadays, the Government as a Platform (GaaP) based on cloud computing and network, has come to be considered a new structure to manage efficiently data-driven administration in the public sector. When the GaaP concept was first introduced, the ICT infrastructures that could underpin GaaP were not sufficiently developed. However, the recent digital transformation has transformed the previous electronic government, which was system- and architecture-oriented. As part of the next generation of government models, GaaP may reinvent the government at a lower cost but with better performance, similar to the case of electronic government two decades ago. This study attempted to determine the priority of factors of GaaP by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. Because of the GaaP characteristics, we drew the main components for building GaaP from previous studies and a group interview with experts. The study results show that experts tend to prefer publicness in terms of building GaaP. Most of the factors that the experts weighed with the highest importance are related to the public sector, which revealed that governments should focus on their primary duty, regardless of the origin and characteristics of the platform in GaaP. However, since GaaP allows governments to be more horizontal and innovative, the platform approach can fundamentally shift the existing processes and culture of the public sector. The enhanced activity of citizens with ICT can also accelerate the introduction of GaaP. Finally, the study showed that a data-driven GaaP is necessary to efficiently handle big data, contract services, and multiple levels of on-line and off-line channels. In this public platform, government, citizens, and private sector organizations can work cooperatively as partners to seamlessly govern the hyper-connected society.

scholarly journals Receiver Integration with Arrayed Waveguide Gratings toward Multi-Wavelength Data-Centric Communications and Computing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8205
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Doi ◽  
Toshihide Yoshimatsu ◽  
Yasuhiko Nakanishi ◽  
Satoshi Tsunashima ◽  
Masahiro Nada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Baud Rate ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Integrated Devices ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Integration Techniques ◽  
Waveguide Gratings ◽  
Arrayed Waveguide

This paper reviews receivers that feature low-loss multimode-output arrayed waveguide gratings (MM-AWGs) for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) as well as hybrid integration techniques with high-speed throughput of up to 100 Gb/s and beyond. A design of optical coupling between higher-order multimode beams and a photodiode for a flat-top spectral shape is described in detail. The WDM photoreceivers were fabricated with different approaches. A 10-Gb/s photoreceiver was developed for a 1.25-Gb/s baud rate and assembled for eight-channel WDM by mechanical alignment. A receiver with 40-Gb/s throughput was built by using visual alignment for a 10-Gb/s baud rate and four-channel WDM. A 100-Gb/s receiver assembled by active alignment with a four-channel by 25-Gb/s baud rate is the basis for beyond-100 Gb/s and future multi-wavelength integrated devices toward data-centric communications and computing.

scholarly journals Wavelength Tuning Free Transceiver Module in OLT Downstream Multicasting4λ × 10 Gb/s TWDM-PON System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. S. Salleh ◽  
A. S. M. Supa’at ◽  
S. M. Idrus ◽  
S. Yaakob ◽  
Z. M. Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Wavelength Tuning ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Link Loss ◽  
Dynamic Time

We propose a new architecture of dynamic time-wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (TWDM-PON) system that employs integrated all-optical packet routing (AOPR) module using4λ×10 Gbps downstream signal to support 20 km fiber transmission. This module has been designed to support high speed L2 aggregation and routing in the physical layer PON system by using multicasting cross-gain modulation (XGM) to route packet from any PON port to multiple PON links. Meanwhile, the fixed wavelength optical line terminal (OLT) transmitter with wavelength tuning free features has been designed to integrate with the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and passive arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). By implementing hybrid multicasting and multiplexing, the system has been able to support a PON system with full flexibility function for managing highly efficient dynamic bandwidth allocation to support the4λ×10 Gb/s TWDM-PON system used to connect 4 different PON links using fixed wavelength OLT transceivers with maximum 38 dB link loss.

Performance Optimization of 45-Channel Superdense Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed (SDWDM) Optical Add–Drop Multiplexer (OADM) Ring Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Sharma ◽  
Anurag Sharma ◽  
Dalvir Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Ring Network ◽  
Channel Spacing ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Eye Diagram ◽  
Wavelength Division

AbstractIn this paper, performance analysis of high-speed superdense wavelength-division-multiplexing (SDWDM) optical add–drop multiplexer (OADM) optical ring network for 6 nodes, 45 wavelengths having channel spacing of 0.2 nm on 300 km unidirectional nonlinear single-mode fiber ring of 10 Gbit/s has been reported. The performance optimization of the system by comparing different modulation formats has been reported on the basis of eye diagram and bit error rate (BER). It has been reported that CSRZ modulation format can achieve BER as better as e-24, which gives best performance. This paper also presents a study of performance degradation caused by the crosstalk and the effect of channel spacing on SWDM system.

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