The Impact of Software Testing In Small and Medium Settings

2011 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Luis Vinicio León-Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Software Testing ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Process Definition ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Process ◽  
The U.S

In the U.S. alone, the cost of faulty software ranges in the tens of billions of dollars per year; the costs of inadequate testing infrastructure are estimated between $22.2 and $59.5 billion, one half paid by the developers and the other half by the users. Albeit the criticality of a good testing process (the inadequacy of which would kill many small enterprises, in particular Latin American ones), many times the testing process is misapplied or not applied at all. We provide here some foundations of the discipline of software testing and present fragments of a variation of a test process used successfully by e-Quallity Corporation (a firm specialized in software testing) in commercial projects, defined formally using a small proprietary process definition language. We present also two case studies of projects with Mexican small and medium enterprises showing concrete economic impacts of the use (and misuse) of this testing process.

scholarly journals The Development of Digital in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Digna R. Nahak
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Asian Development Bank ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect all sectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially the economic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its various derivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the most important sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties, because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currently many MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampered distribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffs for workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as a driver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity which results in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank (ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businesses run out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reduced their workforce work.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT AND THE ROLE OF THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES ON THE EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Snezana Bardarova ◽  
Marija Magdincheva-Shopova ◽  
Monika Markovska ◽  
Bozhidar Milenkovski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Current developments in the global and national economics point to a number of problems faced by real entities in the real sector, and as a special area of interest for the scientific public there is a need to provide conditions for the smooth running of the reproduction processes in the enterprise and the realization the positive results of the operation. Enterprises are drivers of inclusive economic growth in the Republic of Macedonia and in creating productive and sustainable jobs.The new conception of the small enterprise as a carrier and engine of economic development is quite persuasive with its economic logic and reaffirms the small enterprise as a significant economic sector. The activities within the small enterprises are aimed at intensifying the results of the work by achieving a balance between objective possibilities and good working principles. The monitoring of the small enterprise, through the prism of its influence on economic growth and development, rejects the traditional view for small enterprises as security guards.The SME sector is a driver of inclusive economic growth in Macedonia and the creation of sustainable jobs increasing productivity. It also does not agree with the notion that small enterprises are economically inefficient organisms.With the third technological revolution in the countries with a developed market economy, the domination of the so-called. small economy, that is, the sector of small and medium enterprises. Today, small enterprises have a growing number of supporters who believe that small enterprises are carriers of innovation and entrepreneurship and are able to react quickly to changes in the environment. For years, the Republic of Macedonia has faced a high rate (29%, June 2013) of general unemployment, which remains a key challenge for stabilizing the economic and social development of the country. The subject of research in this paper is focused on conducting analysis of the active enterprises in the Republic of Macedonia by size, by sector and by number of employees, as well as analysis of the activity of the population and employment by sectors and by type of ownership of the enterprise in the period from 2013-2017.

scholarly journals Parametric Conditions of High Financial Risk in the SME Sector

Risks ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ślusarczyk ◽  
Grondys
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The sector of SME is the major force for the national economic and social development. Financial risk is one of the key threats to the activity of small and medium enterprises. The most common manifestation of the financial risk of SMEs is difficulty in financing the business and lack of funds for development. Banks are unwilling to grant loans to such companies. Moreover, it is the rising operating costs that cause shrinking profits, which may result in corporate debt, difficulty in debt repayment, and consequently, high financial risk of these entities. Numerous differences in conducting the activity of small and large enterprises intensify this risk and mean that the model of credit financing for companies is not adjusted to the capabilities and principles of the operation of small enterprises. Therefore, risk management is one of the most important internal processes in small and medium enterprises. The identification of factors that affect the level of financial risk in these entities is therefore crucial. The main objective of this research was to analyze the impact of selected parametric characteristics of the SME sector on the intensity of financial risk they take. This objective was accomplished on the basis of the survey with the participation of Polish SMEs. In order to test the adopted research assumptions, the linear regression model was used with four continuous variables for each type of the identified financial risk. Based on the final research results, the logit model was obtained for the risk of insufficient profits. It was indicated that both the internationalization of the company and the ability to manage risk are the only factors that affect a high level of risk of low income. The article ends with the discussion and the comparison with some previous research in this area.

Research on fraud: an overview from small medium enterprises (SMEs)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Faizah Zainal ◽  
Hafiza Aishah Hashim ◽  
Akmalia M. Ariff ◽  
Zalailah Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a review of literature on fraud with a specific focus on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, it aims to provide further knowledge on recent developments in fraud research and offers suggestions for future research. Design/Methodology/Approach This paper systematically reviews the fraud literature, by organising them into five sections; definition, elements, theories, factors and prevention mechanisms. Findings The most common factors of fraud in SMEs are the low morale among employees and weak internal control within the organisations. Nonetheless, research on fraud involving SMEs is limited, albeit the importance of SMEs to the economy. Research Limitations/Implications This paper encapsulates the importance of research on fraud in SMEs by offering directions for future research. Among others, future studies might indicate the link between corruption, financing sources and innovation of SMEs, especially within the context of an emerging country and reveal the cost of the criminal justice system to identify more accurately the cost of fraud in SMEs. Originality/Value The focus on fraud in SMEs and the recent period of study offer a foundation for future research directed at the factors of fraud and the prevention mechanisms. Future research can further explore and broaden the literature on fraud involving SMEs through research that focuses on the impact of fraud and the types of control mechanisms that suit the SMEs. Greater understanding of fraud in the SMEs allows in identifying the best approach to prevent and detect fraud for small businesses with limited resources.

HR Issues Towards Managing MSMEs Operating in India During Globalization Trends (with Special Reference to HR Outsourcing)

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Tweena Pandey ◽  
Abhishek Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Medium And Small Enterprises ◽  
Processing Period ◽  
Day By Day

If you have never entered the world of subcontracting it seems a puzzling blend of products, rigid selling and in the past has carried a bad reputation. Today, when grooming with different parameters of economies is becoming harder for every industrialist day by day, it is for sure that this disaster of cost- knitting is affecting one of the upcoming sectors of present commercial age and that is SMEs. If one talks about Medium and Small Enterprises, one can simply say that they also act as feeder to the large scale enterprises, which are into support production activities for the big enterprises. As it is known that they have a small gestation period (processing period), i.e. stalk in- product out, which further acts fast profit generation to the domestic scale of production as compared to large enterprises. But still if one focuses upon its competency mainly in comparison to the globalized standards, nevertheless one stands far behind, irrespective of availability of sufficient resources. Here the big question arises that in what terms and why? This review is an attempt to navigate some upcoming disasters in concern with managing the workforce employed in these small and medium enterprises, especially with respect to manage the cost incurred over the human capital- “A key capital for strengthening the enterprise's credentials”.

Industrial Exports of Saint Petersburg: Condition, Trends, Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-254
Author(s):  
S. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
E. A. Gorin
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Potential Structure ◽  
Statistical Agencies ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Data

Aim. The presented study aims to examine the state of industrial exports from Saint Petersburg.Tasks. The authors consider export potential, structure, and dynamics of exports and imports of industrial products in Saint Petersburg; examine structural transformations in Saint Petersburg’s economy sectors and the impact of innovation processes on the export potential of changes in the factors that are significant for export activities.Methods. This study uses the official data of statistical agencies and customs authorities and processed results of the monitoring and survey of managers of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations.Results. The study assesses the effects of organizational, economic and industrial factors on the export potential of Saint Petersburg’s economic entities, changes in their target markets over the past three years, and results achieved by enterprises and organizations in terms of factors that are significant for export activities.Conclusions. Excessive state regulation and loopholes in the current legislation are significant factors that limit the export potential of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations. At the same time, for large industrial enterprises it is crucial to maintain national rules, international agreements and stability of production. While small and medium enterprises should focus on quality and the cost of components.

Photograph Method Used in Computerized Log Centering

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 2971-2975
Author(s):  
Yi Ren Wang ◽  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Document Images ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Photograph method is a new scanning technique that provides cost-efficient and accurate computer system for log centering. A monochrome video camera is used to document images of a log in a perimeters rotation time. 3D digital contour of the log is constructed with the images. The biggest internal cylinder is calculated in software modules. Experiments in present study proved that photograph method was quite feasible in optimizing log centering with higher accuracy. The cost-efficient near-infrared images used in the devices were able to avoid the impact of changing illumination. This centering system can be utilized in small and medium enterprises.

scholarly journals The Development of Digital MSME in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Ignacia Lukito
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Asian Development Bank ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect allsectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially theeconomic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its variousderivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the mostimportant sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties,because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currentlymany MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampereddistribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffsfor workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as adriver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity whichresults in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank(ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businessesrun out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reducedtheir workforce work.

Corporate Social Responsibilty Practices in MSMEs in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Maya Rai
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Business Competitiveness ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Social Responsibilty ◽  
The Impact

The setup and flourishment of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises is a resourceful input leading to the rapid development of economic and social prospects. MSMEs are the medicines which Indian Economy needs at this moment. CSR activities can help to a great extent in improving the survival rate of MSMEs and may offer more opportunities for business competitiveness, nationally and internationally. CSR helps to create and develop entrepreneurial foundation of the nation by supporting the enterprises through supply of raw materials and a range of components required for production or manufacturing. The main aim of this research paper is to examine the role of CSR activities in the betterment of MSMEs. Another motive is to examine the impact of strategies of CSR on expansion of MSMEs in INDIA. This paper gives evidences that CSR activities are not only helping the Big Companies but also small enterprises by creating competitiveness amongst MSMEs.

The impact of changing gender diversity on the leadership styles of SMEs

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Women Executives ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transactional Leadership Style ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings This research paper concentrates on gender diversity within Latin-American small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the impact of top women executives on the leadership styles that manifest in these companies. Women were found to adopt a warm, inspirational, relationship-based style of transformational leadership, in contrast to the more competitive and emotionless transactional leadership style traditionally adopted by male executives in such companies. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

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