Understanding Retailing Concepts

Author(s):  
Dr. Rajagopal

It has been observed that the technology has homogenized the world markets for variety of customer and industrial needs. The reduction in the tariff barriers, duties and liberalization process worldwide has further given a stimulus to the international marketing across the regional boundaries. The growing internationalization of business induces changes in the positioning of competitors and appropriate competitive strategies. As the companies attain gradual success in geographically expanding their business and effectively performing international operations, they reach at critical point and would be able to synchronize the proximity to the overseas markets and customer needs. The global companies at this point blue print their successful business systems in the emerging markets by creating relatively decentralized operations in production, marketing and sales.

Emerging Markets are the primary source of growth for business in the 21st century. This makes an understanding of managing businesses in emerging markets a fundamental building block for competing in today's global economy. This book's approach is to identify key elements of the business systems and competition in emerging markets around the world, and then to look at competitive strategies of local and multinational companies going into and coming out of these countries. Specific focus is offered on a selection of countries/regions. These emphases should serve both researchers and managers interested in knowing more about managing firms in emerging markets in general and in specific countries in particular. The essays highlight the tension between local and global knowledge, that is, views of business that apply everywhere around the world versus views that are particular to emerging markets. The essays also explore the role of local and international firms operating in emerging markets within global value chains or production networks.


Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan

A handful of business schools in the world are famous in their respective countries of origin, but have also achieved global acclaim for their sustained and continued success as world-class academic institutions. This chapter describes some of these business schools and includes successful factors that have made them top quality institutions, such as general performance indicators used to rank and accredit business schools, common characteristics of success, as well as the role of ranking and accreditation as a source or force behind the fame and fortunes of such business schools. The chapter discusses the importance of national and international accreditation for the academic institutions and the pitfalls associated with accreditations. As examples of successful models, the chapter includes small success stories of business schools from emerging markets such as Pakistan and Mexico.


2018 ◽  
pp. 1143-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan

A handful of business schools in the world are famous in their respective countries of origin, but have also achieved global acclaim for their sustained and continued success as world-class academic institutions. This chapter describes some of these business schools and includes successful factors that have made them top quality institutions, such as general performance indicators used to rank and accredit business schools, common characteristics of success, as well as the role of ranking and accreditation as a source or force behind the fame and fortunes of such business schools. The chapter discusses the importance of national and international accreditation for the academic institutions and the pitfalls associated with accreditations. As examples of successful models, the chapter includes small success stories of business schools from emerging markets such as Pakistan and Mexico.


Global companies, transforming their own environment of functioning, are oriented first of all on changing the logic of classical capitalistic relations and behavior. In this context, these companies are trying to implement their strategies of corporate social responsibility which is essentially an additional socialized instrument limiting the regulative competences of the state. In this chapter, we assess the potential prospects of non-regulated globalization which today takes into account only the corporate interests of the largest businesses, in particular, those interests which eventually may lead to the world division into its incorporated and non-incorporated parts. This, in turn, will lead to the situation when the world markets of mass consumption are not connected at all to the local markets of resources and production factors. In the final part of this chapter we also make an attempt to present some sort of an alternative to the globalized concept – development of self-sufficient economy. The latter does not fully exclude external economic relations as such and/or exploitation of market potential or resources from foreign states. However, this self-sufficient economy makes national economic policy much more socially oriented (aiming at fairness and social justice). At the same time, it is also more expansionary when it comes to external policy (that is, aimed at “grooming” highly competitive so-called national champions, the expansion of which at the world markets must be fully supported by the state).


Equilibrium ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Tomas Meluzin ◽  
Marek Zinecker

This paper deals with the analysis of initial public offerings of shares in terms of their quantity and the amount of capital raised by this form of financing on the world markets. Relevant global developments will be analyzed first, followed by a description of regional situation. The analysis is based on secondary data which are processed by descriptive statistics methods. The analysis of IPO trends on the world markets indicates that, in the period of 2004-2007, IPO-based financing of corporate growth gained in importance on both developed and emerging markets. The IPO segment was dominated by the largest emerging markets (Brazil, Russia, India and China) and at the same time the US American and Western European markets decline in their importance. The world-wide economic crisis of 2008 suppressed the interest in new IPOs, particularly in the developed economies. As the economy of most countries is beginning to revive, the interest in the IPO approach from businesses and investors is on the rise. It can be expected that, in the next few years, the arena of initial public offerings will be dominated by visionary companies operating on emerging markets where the execution of an IPO will constitute the key element in securing the capital essential for further expansion.


2008 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ulyukaev ◽  
E. Danilova

The authors point out that the local market crisis - on the USA substandard loan market - has led to the uncertainty of the world financial market. It has caused the growing demand for liquidity in the framework of the world financial system. The Russian banking sector seems to be more stable under negative changes than banking systems of other emerging markets. At the same time one can assume that the crisis will become the factor of qualitative shift in the character of the Russian banking sector development - the shift from impetuous to more balanced growth.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liesl Riddle ◽  
Tjai M. Nielsen ◽  
George A. Hrivnak

Subject area Entrepreneurship, management and emerging markets. Study level/applicability Undergraduate and Graduate courses in Entrepreneurship, Managing in Developing Countries/Emerging Markets, Small Business Management, Social Entrepreneurship, International Business Case overview IntEnt is a business incubator that provides training and other support services to nascent entrepreneurs, helping turn their investment ideas into successful business ventures. But IntEnt focuses on a unique clientele: diasporas, or migrants and their descendants, who dream of establishing a new venture back in their country of origin.The incubator is well known and respected by policymakers and migrants alike. Despite these successes, Mr Molenaar has struggled to grow and diversify IntEnt's funding base. He also is under increasing pressure from the foundation's stakeholders to define and measure the foundation's performance. But Molenaar is committed to expanding IntEnt's operations and continue to bridge the divide between diaspora investment interest and action. Expected learning outcomes To understand and describe the financial-, human-, and social-capital challenges faced by transnational diaspora business ventures during the business development and launch phase.To explain how business incubators can provide solutions to the specific, unique problems that transnational diaspora entrepreneurs face, particularly in emerging markets. To discuss the governance challenges associated with operating a transnational business venture as well as those of an incubator aimed to support transnational entrepreneurship. Supplementary materials Teaching note.


2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Reis Gavazzoni Dias ◽  
Maria Victoria Pinto Quaresma-Santos ◽  
Fred Bernardes-Filho ◽  
Adriana Gutstein da Fonseca Amorim ◽  
Regina Casz Schechtman ◽  
...  

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Paul Agu Igwe ◽  
David Gamariel Rugara ◽  
Mahfuzur Rahman

The economic advancement of emerging markets such as China, Brazil, and India has been regarded as one of the benefits of a globalized world. This paper revisits and evaluates the Uppsala model to teases out the process, speed, determinants, and challenges of early internationalization approaches of firms in transition and emerging markets (TEMs). Applying Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this article collects, disintegrates, and categorizes previous studies, synthesizing the theoretical models to shed light on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) characteristics, behaviour, and motives to internationalise, as well as the approaches to internationalisation. This method identified 183 articles published between 2008–2018 from 84 international journals. A triad (a set of three related things) highlights the three main features of the Integrated Uppsala Model including the basic assumptions, influential factors, and competitive strategies of firms. The findings suggest that the institutional–legal environment constitutes key barriers that firms in TEMs must overcome to develop an early internationalization strategy. It appears that internationalization literature focusing on emerging markets is biased towards China. The review identifies a need for future studies to (i) focus on emerging markets firms in Africa and South America; and (ii), provide a cross-country analysis and evaluation of internationalization strategies of TEMs.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document