Robots and Economics

2022 ◽  
pp. 20-34
Author(s):  
Josipa Višić
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Doing Business

Robotization will eventually transform the nature of doing business and economics in general. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide a broader perspective on economic repercussions of robotization covering both microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects as well as other closely related sociological aspects. This broad perspective is needed for researchers, policy makers, as well as managers while contemplating changes as stirring as robotization. Further, the chapter deals with the issue of education of future economists in the context of robotization. In that sense, it emphasizes the need to make future economists more flexible, observant, and consequently, more efficient, regardless of their position on labor market. In that sense, the chapter serves as an alarm since existent (economic) lag between countries may become even bigger if it is not addresses in a timely manner.

Robots and Economics

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-187
Author(s):  
Josipa Višić
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Doing Business

Robotization will eventually transform the nature of doing business and economics in general. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide a broader perspective on economic repercussions of robotization covering both microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects as well as other closely related sociological aspects. This broad perspective is needed for researchers, policy makers, as well as managers while contemplating changes as stirring as robotization. Further, the chapter deals with the issue of education of future economists in the context of robotization. In that sense, it emphasizes the need to make future economists more flexible, observant, and consequently, more efficient, regardless of their position on labor market. In that sense, the chapter serves as an alarm since existent (economic) lag between countries may become even bigger if it is not addresses in a timely manner.

The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Toan Pham Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

scholarly journals EU Labor Market Inequalities and Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2675
Author(s):  
Elena Jianu ◽  
Ramona Pîrvu ◽  
Gheorghe Axinte ◽  
Ovidiu Toma ◽  
Andrei Valentin Cojocaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Policy Issue ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
To Come ◽  
Business Practitioners ◽  
The Eu

Reducing inequalities for EU citizens and promoting upward convergence is one of the priorities on the agenda of the European Commission and, certainly, inequality will be a very important public policy issue for years to come. Through this research we aim to investigate EU labor market inequalities, reflected by the specific indicators proposed for Goal 8 assumed by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, based on cluster analysis for all the 27 Member States. The research results showed encouraging results from the perspective of convergence in the EU labor market, but also revealed a number of analyzed variable effects that manifested regional inequalities that were generated in the medium and long term. Based on the observations made, we want to provide information for policy-makers, business practitioners, and academics so as to constitute solid ground for identifying good practices and proposing to implement policies aimed at reducing existing inequalities and supporting sustainable development.

scholarly journals Autonomes Fahren statt Stop and Go: Vorschläge zur effektiven Gestaltung der deutschen Kurzarbeit

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Almut Balleer ◽  
Britta Gehrke ◽  
Brigitte Hochmuth ◽  
Christian Merkl
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Stop And Go ◽  
Time Work ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Short Time

Abstract This article argues that short-time work stabilized employment in Germany substantially during the Great Recession in 2008/09. The labor market instrument acted in timely manner, as it was used in a rule-based fashion. In addition, discretionary extensions were effective due to their interaction with the business cycle. To ensure that short-time work will be effective in the future, this article proposes an automatic facilitation of the access to short-time work in severe recessions. This reduces the likelihood of a too extensive use at the wrong point in time as well as structural instead of cyclical interventions.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Paid Labor

By the 1920s, people with many different types and origins of disabilities—from tuberculosis and feeble-mindedness to amputations and blindness—had been pushed out of the paid labor market and, thereby, edged out from “good citizenship.” Most people with disabilities kept on working, although their labors were rarely recognized or compensated as such. The “problem” of disability, however, lay not in the actual bodies of disabled people, but rather in the meanings assigned to those impairments by employers and policy makers, as well as how those meanings intersected with shifting family capacities, a rapidly changing workplace, public policies aimed at discouraging dependency, and the complexity and mutability of disability itself....

scholarly journals Understanding Physicians’ Online-Offline Behavior Dynamics: An Empirical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-555
Author(s):  
Liuan Wang ◽  
Lu (Lucy) Yan ◽  
Tongxin Zhou ◽  
Xitong Guo ◽  
Gregory R. Heim
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
System Design ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Behavior Dynamics ◽  
Offline Channels

Online healthcare platforms allow physicians and patients to communicate in a timely manner. Yet little is known about how physicians’ online and offline activities affect each other and, consequently, the healthcare system. We collected data from both online and offline channels to study physicians’ online-offline behavior dynamics. We find that physicians’ online activities can lead to a higher service quantity in offline channels, whereas offline activities may reduce physicians’ online services because of resource constraints. We also find that the more offline patients that physicians serve, the more articles the physicians will likely share in online healthcare platforms. These findings are of great importance to practitioners and policy makers. Our work provides evidence that online healthcare platforms supplement offline services and thus lessen the concern that physicians’ participation in online healthcare platforms will negatively influence offline healthcare services. Our findings also indicate the need for the improvement of online-offline coordination and better system design.

scholarly journals The Ethos of Medicine in Postmodern America: Philosophical, Cultural and Social Considerations

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Murray OC ONS MD
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Associate Dean ◽  
Drexel University ◽  
Good Medicine ◽  
American Medicine ◽  
Wide Angle Lens ◽  
Physician Relationship

We need good data to practise good medicine. However, if a system becomes dominated by electronic health records (EHRs), computerized decision-making programs, and excessive guidelines and protocols, physicians can become pawns in “the silicon cage.” Arnold Eiser, professor of medicine and associate dean at Drexel University College of Medicine, is concerned about the erosion of both the patient-physician relationship and professionalism in the corporate world of American medicine. This postmodern world is characterized by what he calls “the three big C’s” of American medicine: consumerism, computerization, and corporatization. He notes that it is difficult to gain a broad perspective of the changes in health care when you are living through it. To provide an overview, he employs a wide-angle lens that includes postmodern philosophers, contemporary commentators, bioethicists, policy makers, and experiences from other countries (although this final aspect is relatively thin). Eiser begins by recounting the changes since 1970, when the health care system became more corporate. This business model increasingly viewed health care as marketable services and commodities, which was aided by challenges to the tradition of physician power and paternalism, coupled with social trends that favoured individualism, autonomy, and entitlements.

scholarly journals Working Performance of Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu: A Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
P. Selvaraju
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Technical Sense ◽  
Working Performance

Co-operation in its ordinary sense would mean working together. Whereas in its technical sense the term would denote a special mode of doing business, which gives rise to the formal organization and the methods and techniques associated with it. The formal co-operation is the framework for people working together according to certain conditions or principles which the participants agree to observe. Banking is a service industry. The main objective of the banking is to provide the financial support to its customers / members in co-operatives. The urban co-operative banks occupy a significant place in the urban credit movement. The urban co-operative credit movement started in India with the chief object of catering to the banking and credit requirements of the urban middle class, e.g., the small trader of businessman, the artisan or factory worker, the salaried people with a limited fixed income in urban or semi-urban areas. This study is an Empirical Research; study reveals the working performance of the Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu, India. The core finding of the study will explore the knowledge path and give a financial outlook of UCBs for researchers and policy makers in all respect to take effective decisions.

A Study on Growth of Indian Corporate Sectors - A Paradigm Shift to Entrepreneurial Development in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Govindan
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Share Capital ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Tax Management ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
New Infrastructure

This study mainly investigates that total number of companies registered and active companies in top ten states and Union territories wise, share capital Range wise, economic activity wise, one person company(OPCs) wise and foreign companies wise as on 30.06.2018 in India. The research study is explorative in nature and will be based on in-depth analysis of data and statistics, composed in the various secondary data. This research used descriptive statistical tools such as percentage analysis, tables, and charts are used for analysis and interpretation of data. The results of research study indicated that total number of companies registered and active companies 17, 79,761 and 11, 89,826. Out of them 71,506 were public, 11,10,371 were private including 18,153 one person companies. Maximum of registered and active companies are in Maharashtra, Delhi and west Bengal. Highest of active companies are in services sectors (65%) and industry sectors (31%). Total numbers of one person companies (OPC) 18,153 were recorded in India with share capital of Rs.461.06 Crores. In case of foreign companies totally registered 4,678 out of this 3,379 out of which 3,379 companies are functioning as on 30.06.2108.This study finally suggested that government of India, State/ Union governments, policy makers and other regulators agencies should improve existing and create new infrastructure in easy doing business indicators for Indian and foreign investors on regulation for starting a business like land acquisition, dealing with various laws permits, getting electricity and manpower, registering property, getting loans, subsidies, interest free loans and advance, protecting investors investments, improving various direct and indirect tax management system.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Work Histories ◽  
Work And Employment

This concluding chapter discusses the broader implications of the book's findings for theoretical and empirical scholarship on work and employment, social inequality in the workplace, evaluation processes, and the intersection of social categories. Here, the processes of inclusion and exclusion in the labor market are hardly straightforward. While hiring professionals extract meanings from the nonstandard, mismatched, and precarious work histories on job applicants' resumes, they do so in a complex way. The chapter also articulates key points of interest for policy makers interested in improving the outcomes of working individuals. It concludes by discussing pathways forward for increasing our knowledge about how the nature of work and employment affect the opportunity structure for workers in the new economy.

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