Investigating Inner Dynamics in Family Firms

2020 ◽  
pp. 330-355
Author(s):  
Filippo Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Business Analysis

This chapter shows that a multilevel model of analysis is a suitable approach in order to highlight hidden relationships among different structural units within organizations. In addition, current literature argued that the field of management could be enhanced by integrating the theory and empirical work of other related social science disciplines (e.g., psychology). In adopting analytical techniques from clinical, social, and I/O psychology, this chapter highlights the deepest (dysfunctional) organizational dynamics, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to complex organizational phenomena. Finally, this chapter highlights implications and suggestions for scholars and consultants in the field of business analysis. In particular, the multiple nature of dysfunctional dynamics advocates for a wider diffusion of psychological diagnostic tools, integrating them into traditional economical and financial assessment.

scholarly journals Analysis of Financial Statements

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p17
Author(s):  
Petrit Hasanaj ◽  
Beke Kuqi
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Made In

The main purpose of this study is to determine, forecast and evaluate the best of economic conditions and company’s performance in the future. The other purpose of this study is to analyze the financial statement and than give information for financial managers to make through decisions about their business. The financial statement applies tools, analytical techniques and required methods for business analysis. It is a diagnostic tool for evaluating financing activities, investment activities and operational activities as well as an assessment tool for management decisions and other business decisions. The analysis of financial statements, respectively the analysis of the financial reports are used by managers, shareholders, investors and all other interested parties regarding the company's state. Managers use financial reports to see the situation in which the company stands and then provide information to shareholders, to see how reasonable are the investments made in the company. To potential investors, the analysis of the financial statements of the company is very important, because, first they want to know the actual state of the company and then decide whether to invest or not.

scholarly journals Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez ◽  
Lourdes Arce ◽  
Jaime Gómez-Laguna
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Targeted Analysis ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are small molecular mass metabolites which compose the volatilome, whose analysis has been widely employed in different areas. This innovative approach has emerged in research as a diagnostic alternative to different diseases in human and veterinary medicine, which still present constraints regarding analytical and diagnostic sensitivity. Such is the case of the infection by mycobacteria responsible for tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock. Although eradication and control programs have been partly managed with success in many countries worldwide, the often low sensitivity of the current diagnostic techniques against Mycobacterium bovis (as well as other mycobacteria from Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis together with other hurdles such as low mycobacteria loads in samples, a tedious process of microbiological culture, inhibition by many variables, or intermittent shedding of the mycobacteria highlight the importance of evaluating new techniques that open different options and complement the diagnostic paradigm. In this sense, volatilome analysis stands as a potential option because it fulfills part of the mycobacterial diagnosis requirements. The aim of the present review is to compile the information related to the diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock through the analysis of VOCs by using different biological matrices. The analytical techniques used for the evaluation of VOCs are discussed focusing on the advantages and drawbacks offered compared with the routine diagnostic tools. In addition, the differences described in the literature among in vivo and in vitro assays, natural and experimental infections, and the use of specific VOCs (targeted analysis) and complete VOC pattern (non-targeted analysis) are highlighted. This review emphasizes how this methodology could be useful in the problematic diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock and poses challenges to be addressed in future research.

scholarly journals Determination of Nucleotides and Nucleosides in Milks and Pediatric Formulas: A Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 1354-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon D Gill ◽  
Harvey E Indyk
Keyword(s):  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Nucleotides And Nucleosides

Abstract Nucleotides and nucleosides play important roles as structural units in nucleic acids, as coenzymes in biochemical pathways, and as sources of chemical energy. Milk contains a complex mixture of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleobases, and because of the reported differences in their relative levels in bovine and human milks, pediatric formulas are increasingly supplemented with nucleotides. Liquid chromatography is the dominant analytical technique used for the quantitation of nucleospecies and is commonly applied using either ion-exchange, reversed-phase, or ion-pair reversed-phase modes. Robust methods that incorporate minimal sample preparation and rapid chromatographic separations have been developed for routine product compliance analysis. This review summarizes the analytical techniques used to date in the analysis of nucleospecies in bovine and human milks and infant formulas.

Fair Process: Striving for Justice in Family Business

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludo Van der Heyden ◽  
Christine Blondel ◽  
Randel S. Carlock
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Fair Process ◽  
Business System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The social science and business literatures on procedural justice or fair process attest that improvements in procedural fairness can be expected to improve both a firm's performance and the commitment and trust of the individuals involved with it. This article examines the relevance of procedural justice for family business. When a family is an influential component of a particular business system, the application of justice is typically rendered more complex than might be the case for nonfamily firms. Different criteria (need, merit, and equality) guide the application of distributive justice among families, firms, and shareholders. This divergence in criterion also lies at the heart of many conflicts inside the family business. In this article, we argue that the application of procedural justice reduces occurrences of conflict and, in some cases, may eliminate conflict altogether. We propose a definition of fair process that extends and enriches the one existing in the literature. We offer five fundamental criteria essential to the effectiveness of fair process in family firms. We conclude with a series of case studies that illustrate typical questions faced inside family businesses. We show that a lack of fairness in the decision and managerial processes governing these businesses and their associated families is a source of conflict. We describe how increasing fair process practices improves the performance of these businesses while also increasing the satisfaction of those associated with them.

scholarly journals Organizational aspects of cybersecurity in German family firms – Do opportunities or risks predominate?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Sven Ulrich ◽  
Alice Timmermann ◽  
Vanessa Frank
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cyber Risk

PurposeThe starting point for the considerations the authors make in this paper are the special features of family businesses in the area of management discussed in the literature. It has been established here that family businesses sometimes choose different organizational setups than nonfamily businesses. This has not yet been investigated for cybersecurity. In the context of cybersecurity, there has been little theoretical or empirical work addressing the question of whether the qualitative characteristics of family businesses have an impact on the understanding of cybersecurity and the organization of cyber risk defense in the companies. Based on theoretically founded hypotheses, a quantitative empirical study was conducted in German companies.Design/methodology/approachThe article is based on a quantitative-empirical survey of 184 companies, the results of which were analyzed using statistical-empirical methods.FindingsThe article asked – based on the subjective perception of cybersecurity and cyber risks – to what extent family businesses are sensitized to the topic and what conclusions they draw from it. An interesting tension emerges: family businesses see their employees more as a security risk, but do less than nonfamily businesses in terms of both training and organizational establishment. Whether this is due to a lack of technical or managerial expertise, or whether family businesses simply think they can prevent cybersecurity with less formal methods such as trust, is open to conjecture, but cannot be demonstrated with the research approach taken here. Qualitative follow-up studies are needed here.Originality/valueThis paper represents the first quantitative survey on cybersecurity with a specific focus on family businesses. It shows tension between awareness, especially of risks emanating from employees, and organizational routines that have not been implemented or established.

scholarly journals Social values and health systems in health policy and systems research: a mixed-method systematic review and evidence map

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-751
Author(s):  
Eleanor Whyle ◽  
Jill Olivier
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Health Policy And Systems

Abstract Because health systems are conceptualized as social systems, embedded in social contexts and shaped by human agency, values are a key factor in health system change. As such, health systems software—including values, norms, ideas and relationships—is considered a foundational focus of the field of health policy and systems research (HPSR). A substantive evidence-base exploring the influence of software factors on system functioning has developed but remains fragmented, with a lack of conceptual clarity and theoretical coherence. This is especially true for work on ‘social values’ within health systems—for which there is currently no substantive review available. This study reports on a systematic mixed-methods evidence mapping review on social values within HPSR. The study reaffirms the centrality of social values within HPSR and highlights significant evidence gaps. Research on social values in low- and middle-income country contexts is exceedingly rare (and mostly produced by authors in high-income countries), particularly within the limited body of empirical studies on the subject. In addition, few HPS researchers are drawing on available social science methodologies that would enable more in-depth empirical work on social values. This combination (over-representation of high-income country perspectives and little empirical work) suggests that the field of HPSR is at risk of developing theoretical foundations that are not supported by empirical evidence nor broadly generalizable. Strategies for future work on social values in HPSR are suggested, including: countering pervasive ideas about research hierarchies that prize positivist paradigms and systems hardware-focused studies as more rigorous and relevant to policy-makers; utilizing available social science theories and methodologies; conceptual development to build common framings of key concepts to guide future research, founded on quality empirical research from diverse contexts; and using empirical evidence to inform the development of operationalizable frameworks that will support rigorous future research on social values in health systems.

The Daughter's Career in Family Firms

2019 ◽  
pp. 156-176
Author(s):  
Filippo Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Italian Family ◽  
Educational Career ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Theoretical Limitation

In spite of the considerable importance of career issues in the field of family business gender studies, current literature shows a lack of attention to careers in family businesses. Due to this theoretical limitation, this chapter aims to investigate quantitatively the second generation's career in a sample of Italian family firms (N=297). Findings suggest that the careers of females and males show different characteristics. This chapter contributes to the limited research on daughter succession. Moreover, it provides a contribution to understanding the daughters' organizational and educational career in small and medium-sized family firms specifically, filling a gap in the current literature. Finally, this chapter prompts a reflection on the cultural/contextual aspects that impact upon entry into the company.

scholarly journals The Empirical Turn in International Legal Scholarship

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Shaffer ◽  
Tom Ginsburg
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
International Law ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Empirical Turn ◽  
What Matters

There is a new empirical turn in international legal scholarship. Building on decades of theoretical work in law and social science, a new generation of empirical studies is elaborating on how international law works in different contexts. The theoretical debate over whether international law matters is a stale one. What matters now is the study of the conditions under which international law is formed and has effects. International law is the product of specific forces and factors; it accomplishes its ends under particular conditions. The trend toward empirical study has expanded through the efforts of scholars in multiple disciplines, with legal scholars playing central roles independently and as collaborators in generating new empirical work. Legal scholars are also now pressed to be increasingly sophisticated consumers of this work. It is time to take stock and evaluate this new generation of multidisciplinary, multimethod empirical scholarship.

Representing qualitative social science in computational models to aid reasoning under uncertainty: National security examples

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K Davis ◽  
Angela O’Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
National Security ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Reasoning Under Uncertainty ◽  
Social Science Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Models

Representing causal social science knowledge in models is difficult: much of the best knowledge is qualitative and ambiguously conditional, unlike the knowledge in “physics models.” This paper describes a stream of RAND research that began with qualitative models providing a structured depiction of casual factors creating effects. That has subsequently been extended to an unusual kind of uncertainty sensitive computational modeling that enables exploratory reasoning and analysis. We illustrate the approach with applications to counterterrorism, detection of terrorists, and nuclear crises. We believe that the approach will complement other approaches that can reflect social science phenomena [see other papers in this special issue of JDMS] and that the approach has broad potential within and beyond the national security domain. We also believe that it has the potential to inform empirical work—encouraging a transition from the step-by-step empirical testing of simple discrete hypotheses to the testing and refinement of more comprehensive causal models.

The willing successor: an exploration of grit and situational cues in family firms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele N. Medina-Craven ◽  
Emily Garrigues Marett ◽  
Sara E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Situational Cues ◽  
The Family ◽  
Succession Process

PurposeThis conceptual paper explores how the activation of the individual-level trait grit can explain variance in successor willingness to take over leadership of the family firm.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from trait activation and situation strength theories, the authors develop a framework to examine the interactions of the two dimensions of grit (passion and perseverance) on the successor's willingness to take control of the family firm.FindingsThe authors identify how the grit dimensions would interact with the situational cues present during the succession process to predict the successor's willingness to take control of the family firm and offer testable propositions to guide future empirical work.Originality/valueThe authors help to address the growing need for additional microfoundational family firm research by drawing insights from organizational behavior theories and personality research and apply them to the family firm succession process.

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