Legal and Regulatory Challenges in Facilitating a Sustainable ASEAN E-Commerce Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Lekha Kunju Pillai Laxman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Security And Reliability ◽  
Access Data ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

The ASEAN region's potential ability to reap the benefits of e-commerce is considerable, and it is timely to strategize a sustainable pathway for ASEAN's e-commerce market. This chapter explores the arising legal and regulatory challenges with measures needed to facilitate e-commerce activities in the region. A qualitative research design is utilized to review secondary data and analyze ASEAN's current legal and regulatory framework. The findings reveal that despite the untapped potential of the collectively large “ASEAN market,” there are significant challenges to developing e-commerce in some countries. Moreover, there are additional regulatory challenges in tackling a myriad of issues related to cross-border challenges in terms of security and reliability of payments: logistics, customs and border administration, foreign market access, data protection, and the regulatory environment for national and cross-border e-commerce transactions. Some form of legal and regulatory harmonization is required between member nations in order to mutually reap the benefits of e-commerce.

Legal and Regulatory Challenges in Facilitating a Sustainable ASEAN E-Commerce Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 1925-1949
Author(s):  
Lekha Kunju Pillai Laxman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Security And Reliability ◽  
Access Data ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

The ASEAN region's potential ability to reap the benefits of e-commerce is considerable, and it is timely to strategize a sustainable pathway for ASEAN's e-commerce market. This chapter explores the arising legal and regulatory challenges with measures needed to facilitate e-commerce activities in the region. A qualitative research design is utilized to review secondary data and analyze ASEAN's current legal and regulatory framework. The findings reveal that despite the untapped potential of the collectively large “ASEAN market,” there are significant challenges to developing e-commerce in some countries. Moreover, there are additional regulatory challenges in tackling a myriad of issues related to cross-border challenges in terms of security and reliability of payments: logistics, customs and border administration, foreign market access, data protection, and the regulatory environment for national and cross-border e-commerce transactions. Some form of legal and regulatory harmonization is required between member nations in order to mutually reap the benefits of e-commerce.

scholarly journals Solidarity in a Community of Nursing Colleagues

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237796082110095
Author(s):  
Margareth Kristoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Original Study ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Life World ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Shed Light

Introduction Several concepts have been used to describe the qualities of communities of nursing colleagues. Nonetheless, few studies have shed light on nursing communities by drawing on the concept of solidarity. Objective To explore solidarity among a community of nursing colleagues. Methods A qualitative research design with a reflective life world approach was selected. This study reused data from a larger Norwegian empirical study. The data from the original study consisted of qualitative interviews and follow-up interviews with 13 nurses (RNs). The research context was municipality and specialist health services. A secondary data analysis was conducted. The study was based on the SRQR reporting guidelines. Results The results were formulated under two themes: 1) having indispensable relationships and 2) encountering a relative absence of sympathy. Conclusion A sense of community among nursing colleagues seems to rely on solidarity: whatever affects one nurse affects another. The solidarity that arose from the content of commonalities involved maintaining indispensable relationships with nursing colleagues by supporting and aiding them and simultaneously enduring a relative absence of sympathy. Solidarity among the community in this study was not a peripheral concept of the general notion of solidarity, implying that the commonalities within the collegial relationships were ambiguous and could shift from something good to something relatively good and vice versa. Such a shift was evidenced by nurses’ experiences of their community.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI BURUH MIGRAN PEREMPUAN DAN GAMBARAN KEMISKINAN KABUPATEN PATI

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Nurul Aeni
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Women Participation

ENGLISHIndonesian migrant workers are dominated by women. It is an evidence of women participation in local development due to the remittance. This research aimed to describe the distribution of woman migrant workers in Pati District and to compare the poverty level between the subdistricts whose high concentration of woman migrant workers and their counterparts. It used qualitative research design with secondary data that were obtained from Employement and Transmigration Service as well ase Local Development Agency of Pati District. The result of reserach were: (1) The growth of woman migrant workers in Pati District during 2015-2016 was 24%. They mostly works in domestic sector with the main destination country is Taiwan. The highest consentration of woman migrant workers was Sukolilo Subdistrict and the lowest’s was Batangan Subdistrict. (2) Poverty is probably one of the international migration’s triggers. The subdistricts with high concentration of woman migrant workes tend to have higher percentage of poor families compare to their counterparts. INDONESIABuruh Migran Indonesia (BMI) dari Kabupaten Pati didominasi oleh perempuan. Hal tersebut menjadi bukti peran serta perempuan dalam pembangunan daerah berkaitan dengan pengiriman remitan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menggambarkan persebaran buruh migran perempuan di Kabupaten Pati dan membandingkan kondisi kemiskinan di kecamatan dengan jumlah buruh migran perempuan terbanyak dan tersedikit. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan data sekunder yang didapatkan dari Disnakertrans, Bappeda Kabupaten Pati serta referensi lain yang relevan. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)Pertumbuhan buruh migran perempuan di Kabupate Pati periode 2015-2016 adalah sekitar 24%. Sebagian besar buruh migran tersebut bekerja di sektor domestik dengan destinasi utama Taiwan. Konsentrasi buruh migran tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Sukolilo dan terendah di Kecamatan Batangan. (2) kemiskinan diindikasikan menjadi salah satu faktor yang melandasi keputusan menjadi buruh migran. Bukti akan hal tersebut adalah kecamatan dengan jumlah buruh migran perempuan banyak memiliki persentase keluarga miskin yang lebih tinggi.

scholarly journals Impacts of Religious Tourism in Janakpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Shyamchandra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Pilgrimage Tourism

The study of socio-economic impact of pilgrimage tourism in Janakpur shows the adverse effects in culture and environments. The study recommends to  manage the devotee tourists more scientifically in top festivals. Many tourists are entering Nepal for religious purpose. This study has been concentrated on pilgrimage tourism and its socio-economic impacts in Janakpur area. Janaki mandir is one of the important religious sites of  Nepal located in Dhanusha district which is around 234 KM far from the Kathmandu. In this connection how and why pilgrimage tourism brings socio economic changes in Janakpur area as well as what types of negative and positive impacts can be seen in the area. This study is based on both primary and secondary data and followed qualitative research design. For this study data were collected by using observation and individual questionnaires as data collection tools.

scholarly journals Manakamana Temple Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Shyamchandra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Pilgrimage Tourism ◽  
Religious Site

Many tourists from India specially visit Nepal for religious purpose. This study has been concentrated on religious tourism and its socio economic impacts in Manakamana. Manakamana temple is one of the important religious site of Nepal located in Gorkha district around 104 KM far from the Kathmandu. After establishment of the cable car in 2001 by Manakamana Drashan Private Limited, had brought changing dimension in the pilgrimage tourism. There can be seen both positive and negative impacts of the cable car. It is being the center of attraction of the tourist to visit Manakamana. It has increased and tourism related activities jump a long step in the area, however, the cable car had directly hit the traditional business like horse riding business, moles, donkeys, used as porter activities and so on. In this connection how and why pilgrimage tourism brings socio economic changes in Manakamana area as well as what types of negative and positive impacts. This study is based on both primary and secondary data and followed qualitative research design. For this study data were collected by using observation and individual questionnaires.

Learning Conversation and Shared Network Leadership

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Weibler ◽  
Sigrid Rohn-Endres
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Interorganizational Networks ◽  
Original Network ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Collective Processes ◽  
Shared Network ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper develops an understanding of how shared leadership emerges in social network interactions. On the basis of a qualitative research design (grounded theory methodology – GTM) our study in two interorganizational networks offers insights into the interplay between structures, individuals, and the collective for the emergence of shared network leadership (SNL). The network-specific Gestalt of SNL appears as a pattern of collective and individual leadership activities unified under the roof of a highly developed learning conversation. More importantly, our findings support the idea that individual network leadership would not emerge without embeddedness in certain high-quality collective processes of relating and dialogue. Both theoretical and practical implications of this original network leadership perspective are discussed.

TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE TEXT TO THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Br Bukit ◽  
Berlin Sibarani ◽  
Rika Rika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims at describing how the teachers teach reading comprehension of narrative text to the tenth grade students in Sibolangit and revealing the underlying reasons of why do they do that way. This study was conducted by using qualitative research design. The subject of this study were two english teachers who taught at tenth grade students of two SMA in Sibolangit they are : SMA Negeri  1 Sibolangit  and SMA RK Deli Murni Bandar Baru in academic year 2016/ 2017. The data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman data analysis technique. The  technique of collecting the data was recorded from the classroom process in teaching reading comprehension of narrative text. The findings of the study show that most of teachers’ ways are not yet focusing on teaching reading comprehension but rather focusing teaching the knowledge of genre. The underlying reason of the teachers’ ways in teaching reading comprehension did not facilitate reading comprehension. It was due to the misperception of the concept of teaching reading comprehension.  Keywords : Teaching,Reading Comprehension,Narrative Text.

An investigation of the control role and effectiveness of independent non-executive directors in Malaysian public listed companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 582-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairul Azlan Annuar ◽  
Hafiz Majdi Abdul Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Company Directors

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to ascertain the control role of independent non-executive directors (INEDs) in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs), as prescribed in the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG).The MCCG (2000) requires substantive involvement of INEDs on the audit, nomination and remuneration board sub-committees. The study also examines the effectiveness of INEDs in discharging their monitoring roles in these sub-committees. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative research design consisting of a series of interviews with board members of Malaysian-owned PLCs on the board of Bursa Malaysia was used. Findings – Interviews with 27 company directors reveal that, due to their independence, INEDs are crucial in safeguarding the interests of smaller investors if situations arise in which shareholders’ interests may be threatened. The interviews also disclose that the audit committee possesses the most authority among the sub-committees, as it derives its power not only from the Listing Requirements but also from statute, as well as being involved in areas of the company not traditionally associated with the committee. The study also reveals the differences in opinion between executive directors and INEDs with regard to the extent of INEDs’ effectiveness. Research limitations/implications – This research utilises interviews. Generalisation may be an issue when interviews are used as the method of inquiry. In addition, the sample is not random, as access to many directors is dependent on recommendations. In addition, the respondents have been consciously selected to cover various board positions, including independent and non-independent directors. Practical implications – The findings from this research suggest that INEDs are able to discharge their responsibilities in overseeing the conduct of executives and protecting the interests of investors. In addition, the interviews disclose that the effectiveness of INEDs depends on how non-executive directors view INEDs being on the board. Rather than focusing solely on their control role, INEDS are expected to have a more proactive and progressive role in ensuring sustainable growth and the expansion of the business entity. Originality/value – There are limited studies using qualitative research design in investigating the effectiveness of INEDs in the control role of the board in developing countries. Prior studies were predominantly based upon the experience of Western economies.

ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN REKAM MEDIS DI RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN ANAK (RSIA ) WIDIYANTI

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fera Siska
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Operational Procedure ◽  
Patient Registration ◽  
Qualitative Research Design

ABSTRACTBackground : Medical record is one of the most important pillars that can not be considered trivial in a hospital, with the development of medical scienceCommon Purpose : To find in-depth information about the implementation of medical records at the hospital Widiyanti PalembangResearch Method : Qualitative research design with data collection techniques are conducted in triangulation, The data analysis is inductive, and the results of the study are emphasized more at the meaning than the generalization. The Research Results : the Implementation of medical records have been running but there is no medical record organization, the implementation of medical record activities done by rolling. Human Resources (HR) medical records should be placed specifically in the medical record along with clear tasks. Method of organizing medical record has been run although the result is not optimal, because Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) that made not socialized. Facilities and infrastructure that support the implementation of the medical record is good, marked by the existence of a special records archive medical records. Facilities and infrastructure such as chairs, desks, computers, patient registration books and outpatient registration and inpatient services are available, do not have budget funds for medical record implementation, especially by sending medical recruiter for trainingConclusion : Implementation of medical records have been running but not optimal.

Overcoming economic liminality: internationalization of B2B SME’s from a small emerging economy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barney G. Pacheco ◽  
Syed Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Current research on small to medium enterprise (SME) internationalization has generated valuable insight but continues to overlook the activities of business-to-business (B2B) SMEs located in small emerging economies. This study aims to fill this gap by testing the applicability of the ownership, location and internalization (OLI) framework to understand the internationalization strategies of small B2B firms in Trinidad and Tobago, a small emerging Caribbean economy. Design/methodology/approach The study used a qualitative research design, which involved in-depth interviews with senior executives of three firms in the B2B sector who were knowledgeable about their firm’s internationalization process. Thematic analysis was then used to understand the motivations and strategies underpinning the internationalization approach adopted by each firm. Findings Contrary to the stereotype of SMEs in emerging markets as fragile enterprises, there is evidence that firms exploited the development of innovative products and processes to facilitate foreign market entry and expansion. Additionally, firms overcame resource limitations by relying on governmental ties and leveraging networking opportunities. The findings also call attention to the impact of organizational learning and the role of knowledge as a dynamic capability. Originality/value Both the context of the study and the application of the OLI framework contributes to the extant literature by yielding substantive insights into the internationalization strategies of B2B firms in a small emerging economy. The findings further highlight how the OLI framework can be supplemented by other theoretical perspectives to better understand internationalization by emerging market SMEs.

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