Towards Intelligent Agriculture Using Smart IoT Sensors

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
Vanita Jaitly ◽  
Shilpa Sharma ◽  
Linesh Raja
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Cattle Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Contemporary Technology

The word “smart” is quite commonly associated with different types of products of IoT sensors and its contemporary technology. The frequent progress in the contemporary technology includes convention and the progressive integration of microprocessor. This gives the smart sensors application to a wide range of applications. Smart sensors when associated with agriculture are known as smart agriculture. With the help of smart sensors, technology of internet of things has helped agriculture in facilitating its efficiency, which further helps in decreasing the impact of environment on the production of the crops and deprecate the expenses. This is done by a few methods like calculating the condition of the environment, which affects the production of the crops, keeping a check on the cattle health and indicating when some problem occurs. The author discussed about sensors, their nature and evolution, generations of smarts sensors, and how they became better with the course of time in terms of smart agriculture.

scholarly journals IOT Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Humidity Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
And Control

In old Days Farmers was very interested to figure out the fertility of soil and impact on feeling to grow which to quite yield. They brought some thoughts which leads to detect humidity level water level climatic condition with the help of internet of things (IOT) which is redesigning the farming sector through the wide range of strategies, as an example accuracy furthermore as practical farming to house challenging within farming sector. The application of IOT helps in gathering of information which is quietly helpful in farming sector like changing in climatic condition fertility of soil , amount of water needed for crops , bug location interruption of creature to the sphere, horticulture, .IOT helps farmers to proper utilize the technology together with the information with his residence from wherever and at whatever point. Different types of sensors are used for the inspection and control of the crop which are very significant under their precise output and use. cameras are used for remotely monitoring the field. IOT technology helps in best crop management, increase in productivity and reduce the trouble of farmer as compared to normal farming.

The Impact of Mental States on Semi-autonomous Driving Takeover Performance: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1372-1376
Author(s):  
Gaojian Huang ◽  
Christine Petersen ◽  
Brandon J. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Manual Control ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Semi-autonomous vehicles still require drivers to occasionally resume manual control. However, drivers of these vehicles may have different mental states. For example, drivers may be engaged in non-driving related tasks or may exhibit mind wandering behavior. Also, monitoring monotonous driving environments can result in passive fatigue. Given the potential for different types of mental states to negatively affect takeover performance, it will be critical to highlight how mental states affect semi-autonomous takeover. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the literature on mental states (such as distraction, fatigue, emotion) and takeover performance. This review focuses specifically on five fatigue studies. Overall, studies were too few to observe consistent findings, but some suggest that response times to takeover alerts and post-takeover performance may be affected by fatigue. Ultimately, this review may help researchers improve and develop real-time mental states monitoring systems for a wide range of application domains.

The Distributional Impact of Climate Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale W Jorgenson ◽  
Richard Goettle ◽  
Mun S Ho ◽  
Daniel T Slesnick ◽  
Peter J Wilcoxen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Distributional Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distributional Impacts

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a new methodology for evaluating the distributional impacts of climate policy. This methodology builds directly on the framework introduced by Jorgenson, Slesnick, and Wilcoxen (1992), but generalizes it by including leisure time, as well as goods and services, in the measure of household welfare. We provide detailed results for 244 different types of households distinguished by demographic characteristics. In addition, we evaluate the overall impact of a cap-and-trade system, as represented in Energy Modeling Forum 22. While there is a wide range of outcomes for different demographic groups, the impact on economic welfare is regressive and generally negative but relatively small.

scholarly journals Smart Agricultural using Internet of Things, Cloud and Big Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3718-3722 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
User Input ◽  
Data Architecture ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Contemporary Technology

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a crucial role in smart agriculture is an emerging concept, because IOT sensors are capable of providing information about agriculture fields and then act upon based on the user input. A smart agricultural system represents the usage of contemporary technology IoT. Because IoT sensors capable of providing information about their agriculture fields. The proposed aims making use of evolving technology i.e. IoT and smart agriculture using automation big data architecture in combination with cloud computing, mobile computing, big data, by access according to real-time information or data, forecasting, and monitoring of physical items and IoT development is expected to make a notable change in agricultural management and operations. This paper focuses filed monitoring using IoT devices which would provide live soil moisture, humidity and temperature of the field to the farmers.

scholarly journals Concept of model support for corporate social performance planning

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Potrashkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Corporate Social Performance ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Enterprise Activity ◽  
Model Support

Introduction. When planning socially responsible activities, the management of the company faces a problem. The impact of such activities on the resource system and the potential of the enterprise is ambiguous and difficult to assess. On the one hand, socially responsible activities have a positive effect on the image of the enterprise, but on the other hand, they require additional expenditures of the enterprise's resources (since these measures are in essence aimed at ensuring an increased level of satisfaction of the interests of a wide range of stakeholders). This fact complicates the planning of socially responsible activities of the enterprise. As a consequence, enterprise management needs tools in the form of economic and mathematical models that would allow: to evaluate the impact of socially responsible activities on different types of enterprise resources and on its potential as a whole; to make decisions on planning of socially responsible activity of the enterprise on the basis of consideration of the task of reproduction of potential of the enterprise. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to develop a concept for building model support for the planning of socially responsible enterprise activity, taking into account the impact of such activity on the enterprise's potential. Results. To achieve this goal in the work on the basis of the analysis of the theory and practice of corporate social responsibility, formulated the concept that formulate requirements for model support for planning socially responsible activities of the enterprise. According to this concept, the planning of socially responsible activities should be based on an assessment of the enterprise's potential and its dynamics. In order to obtain a more accurate assessment of the impact of socially responsible enterprise activity on different types of resources and enterprise potential, model support for planning processes should include patterns of enterprise stakeholder behavior, taking into account the stakeholder social responsibility factor and the dynamics of the characteristics of their relations with the enterprise. Conclusions. The proposed developments are aimed at enhancing the validity of planning of socially responsible activities of enterprises.

Enabling Right-Provisioned Microprocessor Architectures for the Internet of Things

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosiron Adegbija ◽  
Anita Rogacs ◽  
Chandrakant Patel ◽  
Ann Gordon-Ross
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of embedded low-power devices that collect and transmit data to centralized head nodes that process and analyze the data, and drive actions. The proliferation of these connected low-power devices will result in a data explosion that will significantly increase data transmission costs with respect to energy consumed and latency. Edge computing performs computations at the edge nodes prior to data transmission to interpret and/or utilize the data, thus reducing transmission costs. In this work, we seek to understand the interactions between IoT applications’ execution characteristics (e.g., compute/memory intensity, cache miss rates, etc.) and the edge nodes’ microarchitectural characteristics (e.g., clock frequency, memory capacity, etc.) for efficient and effective edge computing. Thus, we present a broad and tractable IoT application classification methodology and using this classification, we analyze the microarchitectural characteristics of a wide range of state-of-the-art embedded system microprocessors and evaluate the microprocessors’ applicability to IoT computation using various evaluation metrics. We also investigate and quantify the impact of leakage power reduction on the overall energy consumption across different architectures. Our work provides insights into the microarchitectural characteristics’ impact on system performance and efficiency for various IoT application requirements. Our work also provides a foundation for the analysis and design of a diverse set of microprocessor architectures for IoT edge computing.

scholarly journals Wildfires as a Source of PAHs in Surface Waters of Background Areas (Lake Baikal, Russia)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Gorshkov ◽  
Oksana N. Izosimova ◽  
Olga V. Kustova ◽  
Irina I. Marinaite ◽  
Yuri P. Galachyants ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
The Impact

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in different types of PAH-containing samples collected in Lake Baikal during wildfires in the adjacent areas. The set of studied samples included the following: (i) water from the upper layer (5 m); (ii) water from the surface microlayer; (iii) water from the lake tributaries; (iv) water from deep layers (400 m); and (v) aerosol from the near-water layer. Ten PAHs were detected in the water samples: naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene. The total PAH concentrations (ƩPAHs) were detected in a wide range from 9.3 to 160 ng/L, characterizing by seasonal, intersessional, and spatial variability. In September 2016, the ƩPAH concentration in the southern basin of the lake reached 610 ng/L in the upper water layer due to an increase in fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene in the composition of the PAHs. In June 2019, ƩPAHs in the water from the northern basin of the lake reached 290 ng/L, with the naphthalene and phenanthrene concentrations up to 170 ng/L and 92 ng/L, respectively. The calculation of back trajectories of the atmospheric transport near Lake Baikal, satellite images, and ƩPAH concentrations in the surface water microlayer of 150 to 960 ng/L confirm the impact of wildfires on Lake Baikal, with which the seasonal increase in the ƩPAH concentrations was associated in 2016 and 2019. The toxicity of PAHs detected in the water of the lake in extreme situations was characterized by the total value of the toxic equivalent for PAHs ranging from 0.17 to 0.22 ng/L, and a possible ecological risk of the impact on biota was assessed as moderate.

scholarly journals Employer Responses to Legislation Protecting Non-Regular Workers: Evidence from South Korea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
HYEJIN KO ◽  
ANDREW WEAVER
Keyword(s):  
Performance Pay ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Employment Protection Legislation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Employment Insecurity ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Many countries have taken steps to address employment insecurity by enacting employment protection legislation (EPL) for non-regular workers. Although the aggregate impacts of EPL reforms have been examined in the literature, less attention has been paid to the heterogeneous ways that different types of employers respond to these reforms. In this paper, we seek to shed additional light on the impact of non-regular workforce protections by investigating the response of establishments to legal changes in Korea in 2007. We employ a difference-in-difference framework to explore which establishment characteristics predict that employers will convert non-regular workers to regular status. Results indicate that, in the short term, the Korean labor reforms led to increased conversions of fixed-term workers to permanent status. Establishments that have shifted risk onto workers via the use of performance pay are more likely to extend permanent status to non-regular workers. However, establishments that provide favorable employment conditions were less likely to convert. Unions play a double-edged role. Unions in large establishments with a wide range of occupational categories are associated with relatively greater conversion of outsiders to regular status, while unions in smaller, more resource-constrained establishments with a narrower occupational focus are associated with more exclusionary behavior.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES TO TEAM MEMBERS’ SATISFACTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalimah .
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Leader Behavior ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Top Executives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

eamwork is becoming increasingly important to wide range of operations. It applies to all levels of the company. It is just as important for top executives as it is to middle management, supervisors and shop floor workers. Poor teamwork at any level or between levels can seriously damage organizational effectiveness. The focus of this paper was therefore to examine whether leadership practices consist of team leader behavior, conflict resolution style and openness in communication significantly influenced the team member’s satisfaction in hotel industry. Result indicates that team leader behavior and the conflict resolution style significantly influenced team member satisfaction. It was surprising that openness in communication did not affect significantly to the team members’ satisfaction.

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