The Universal Knowledge Machine

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-132
Author(s):  
Alan Radley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Media System ◽  
Artificial Brain ◽  
World Brain ◽  
To Come ◽  
User Friendly

The chapter introduces a technical prescription for a universal knowledge machine (UKM), or World-Brain, a proposed global media system with the capability to encapsulate/organize/index and provide user-friendly access to all human knowledge. The goal is not to develop an artificial brain or any kind of Artificial Intelligence (AI) so-to-speak. Rather, the authors wish to build a collective intelligence repository, a vast ‘living' memory bank for everything known and in terms of a totality of knowledge emanating from each of the three worlds of physical, mental, and objective knowledge. Envisaged is a place for humanity to come together collectively and to create, capture, record, link, search, sort, filter, classify, map, granulate, aggregate, chunk, window, overview, catalogue plus communicate a vast number, and great variety, of ideas, facts, claims, variants, data, texts, theories, images, happenings, and opinions. The goal is nothing less than a grand unification of all knowledge such that items are endlessly visible, explorable, linkable, navigable, etc.

Artificial intelligence as a moving force of improvement and innovative development in education and pedagogic

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. G. Koliada ◽  
T. I. Bugayova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Educational Data Mining ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Intellectual System ◽  
Will Force ◽  
To Come ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

The article discusses the history of the development of the problem of using artificial intelligence systems in education and pedagogic. Two directions of its development are shown: “Computational Pedagogic” and “Educational Data Mining”, in which poorly studied aspects of the internal mechanisms of functioning of artificial intelligence systems in this field of activity are revealed. The main task is a problem of interface of a kernel of the system with blocks of pedagogical and thematic databases, as well as with the blocks of pedagogical diagnostics of a student and a teacher. The role of the pedagogical diagnosis as evident reflection of the complex influence of factors and reasons is shown. It provides the intelligent system with operative and reliable information on how various reasons intertwine in the interaction, which of them are dangerous at present, where recession of characteristics of efficiency is planned. All components of the teaching and educational system are subject to diagnosis; without it, it is impossible to own any pedagogical situation optimum. The means in obtaining information about students, as well as the “mechanisms” of work of intelligent systems based on innovative ideas of advanced pedagogical experience in diagnostics of the professionalism of a teacher, are considered. Ways of realization of skill of the teacher on the basis of the ideas developed by the American scientists are shown. Among them, the approaches of researchers D. Rajonz and U. Bronfenbrenner who put at the forefront the teacher’s attitude towards students, their views, intellectual and emotional characteristics are allocated. An assessment of the teacher’s work according to N. Flanders’s system, in the form of the so-called “The Interaction Analysis”, through the mechanism of fixing such elements as: the verbal behavior of the teacher, events at the lesson and their sequence is also proposed. A system for assessing the professionalism of a teacher according to B. O. Smith and M. O. Meux is examined — through the study of the logic of teaching, using logical operations at the lesson. Samples of forms of external communication of the intellectual system with the learning environment are given. It is indicated that the conclusion of the found productive solutions can have the most acceptable and comfortable form both for students and for the teacher in the form of three approaches. The first shows that artificial intelligence in this area can be represented in the form of robotized being in the shape of a person; the second indicates that it is enough to confine oneself only to specially organized input-output systems for targeted transmission of effective methodological recommendations and instructions to both students and teachers; the third demonstrates that life will force one to come up with completely new hybrid forms of interaction between both sides in the form of interactive educational environments, to some extent resembling the educational spaces of virtual reality.

Digitally Mediated Identity in the Cases of Two Sámi Artists

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Werner
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Industry Studies ◽  
Media System ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
System P ◽  
Music Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Streaming Services

This chapter explores identity issues in commercial streaming services, which have grown steadily in the 2010s to become the dominant form of music consumption in the Nordic countries, with about 60% of all Internet users in 2015. The chapter offers an alternative to the dominant trend in music industry studies by focusing not on the industry’s interests but instead on broader cultural issues. The chapter presents case studies of two female Sámi artists and their representations on Spotify, YouTube, MySpace, and artists’ websites, taking various aspects of the services into account, including the interface and the algorithm-based recommendations. Informed by feminist cultural studies, the argument is that the industry continues a history of reinforcing stereotypes of ethnicity, indigeneity, and femininity. Thus, commercial streaming is not only making music available to global audiences, it is also selling images of Otherness within an unequal capitalist global media system.

scholarly journals Long- and Short-Term Conductance Control of Artificial Polymer Wire Synapses

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Naruki Hagiwara ◽  
Shoma Sekizaki ◽  
Yuji Kuwahara ◽  
Tetsuya Asai ◽  
Megumi Akai-Kasaya
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Synaptic Functions ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Artificial Brain ◽  
External Stimuli

Networks in the human brain are extremely complex and sophisticated. The abstract model of the human brain has been used in software development, specifically in artificial intelligence. Despite the remarkable outcomes achieved using artificial intelligence, the approach consumes a huge amount of computational resources. A possible solution to this issue is the development of processing circuits that physically resemble an artificial brain, which can offer low-energy loss and high-speed processing. This study demonstrated the synaptic functions of conductive polymer wires linking arbitrary electrodes in solution. By controlling the conductance of the wires, synaptic functions such as long-term potentiation and short-term plasticity were achieved, which are similar to the manner in which a synapse changes the strength of its connections. This novel organic artificial synapse can be used to construct information-processing circuits by wiring from scratch and learning efficiently in response to external stimuli.

scholarly journals The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Piccialli ◽  
Vincenzo Schiano di Cola ◽  
Fabio Giampaolo ◽  
Salvatore Cuomo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Human Skills ◽  
To Come ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe first few months of 2020 have profoundly changed the way we live our lives and carry out our daily activities. Although the widespread use of futuristic robotaxis and self-driving commercial vehicles has not yet become a reality, the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically accelerated the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different fields. We have witnessed the equivalent of two years of digital transformation compressed into just a few months. Whether it is in tracing epidemiological peaks or in transacting contactless payments, the impact of these developments has been almost immediate, and a window has opened up on what is to come. Here we analyze and discuss how AI can support us in facing the ongoing pandemic. Despite the numerous and undeniable contributions of AI, clinical trials and human skills are still required. Even if different strategies have been developed in different states worldwide, the fight against the pandemic seems to have found everywhere a valuable ally in AI, a global and open-source tool capable of providing assistance in this health emergency. A careful AI application would enable us to operate within this complex scenario involving healthcare, society and research.

Practical experience in the technical systems creating with the artificial intelligence elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (jai2021.26(1)) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Pisarenko V ◽  
◽  
Pisarenko J ◽  
Gulchak O ◽  
Chobotok T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Rescue Work ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Artificial Brain ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The Creation

The practical experience of solving scientific tasks using artificial intelligence technologies is presented. The authors offered their understanding of the term "artificial intelligence". Describes the development of the dept. №265 of Mathematical Problems of Applied Informatics V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine in the creation of technical systems with elements of AI mainly to work in extreme environments. The purpose of the authors is to provide useful information to develop a strategy for the development of AI in the Ukraine. Some of these studies: monitoring the territory and management of land use technologies using remote sensing technologies from aircraft, spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles; monitoring the technical equipment of the underwater environment (technical means of searching for a sunken object of the submarine type for emergency operations are being developed); mine safety control (risk research during mining, creating robotic systems with elements of artificial intelligence for studying the conditions of work in the mine, warning accidents and emergency rescue work). The next direction is the diagnosis and treatment of addictive patients using the principles of therapeutic methods BiofeedBack. Attention is paid to the development of robotic technical systems with AI for servicing cosmic long missions. For this, theoretical studies have been conducted on the creation of a live brain mathematical model for its use in the development of the "artificial brain" of robots. The authors gave a list of tasks that can solve AI in programs for long-term space flights, technologies and systems that should develop in the first place to implement these tasks

Artificial intelligence: criminal and procedural aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Igor I. Kartashov ◽  
Ivan I. Kartashov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Legal Expert ◽  
To Come ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Self Learning

For millennia, mankind has dreamed of creating an artificial creature capable of thinking and acting “like human beings”. These dreams are gradually starting to come true. The trends in the development of modern so-ciety, taking into account the increasing level of its informatization, require the use of new technologies for information processing and assistance in de-cision-making. Expanding the boundaries of the use of artificial intelligence requires not only the establishment of ethical restrictions, but also gives rise to the need to promptly resolve legal problems, including criminal and proce-dural ones. This is primarily due to the emergence and spread of legal expert systems that predict the decision on a particular case, based on a variety of parameters. Based on a comprehensive study, we formulate a definition of artificial intelligence suitable for use in law. It is proposed to understand artificial intelligence as systems capable of interpreting the received data, making optimal decisions on their basis using self-learning (adaptation). The main directions of using artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings are: search and generalization of judicial practice; legal advice; preparation of formalized documents or statistical reports; forecasting court decisions; predictive jurisprudence. Despite the promise of using artificial intelligence, there are a number of problems associated with a low level of reliability in predicting rare events, self-excitation of the system, opacity of the algorithms and architecture used, etc.

scholarly journals FOLLOW THE MONEY: A LARGE-SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MONETIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION ON YOUTUBE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Coromina ◽  
Ariadna Matamoros-Fernández ◽  
Bernhard Rieder
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Media Industries ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Media System ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
Dominant Actor ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

While YouTube has become a dominant actor in the global media system, the relationship between platform, advertisers, and content creators has seen a series of conflicts around the question of monetization. Our paper draws on a critical media industries perspective to investigate the relationship between YouTube’s evolving platform strategies on the one side and content creators’ tactical adaptations on the other. This concerns the search for alternative revenue streams as well as content and referencing optimization seeking to grow audiences and algorithmic visibility. Drawing on an exhaustive sample (n=153.770) of “elite” channels (more than 100.000 subscribers) and their full video history (n=138.340.337), we parse links in video descriptions to investigate the appearance and spread of crowdfunding platforms like Patreon, but also of affiliate links, merchandise stores, or e-commerce websites like Etsy. We analyze the evolution of video length and posting frequency in response to platform policy as well as visibility tactics such as metadata and category optimization, keyword stuffing, or title phrasing. Taken together, these elements provide a broad picture of “industrialization” on YouTube, that is, of the ways creators seek to develop their channels into media businesses. While this contribution cannot replace more qualitative, in-depth research into particular channels or channel groups, we hope to provide a representative picture of YouTube’s elite channels and their quest for visibility and success from their beginnings up to early 2020.

Articulating the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Collective Intelligence: A Transactive Systems Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 670-674
Author(s):  
Pranav Gupta ◽  
Anita Williams Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
The Core ◽  
Systems Framework

Human society faces increasingly complex problems that require coordinated collective action. Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to bring together the knowledge and associated action needed to find solutions at scale. In order to unleash the potential of human and AI systems, we need to understand the core functions of collective intelligence. To this end, we describe a socio-cognitive architecture that conceptualizes how boundedly rational individuals coordinate their cognitive resources and diverse goals to accomplish joint action. Our transactive systems framework articulates the inter-member processes underlying the emergence of collective memory, attention, and reasoning, which are fundamental to intelligence in any system. Much like the cognitive architectures that have guided the development of artificial intelligence, our transactive systems framework holds the potential to be formalized in computational terms to deepen our understanding of collective intelligence and pinpoint roles that AI can play in enhancing it.

Artificially Intelligent Physiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Sachin Pandurang Godse ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Sonal Khule ◽  
Shubham Chandrakant Wakhare ◽  
Vedant Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
User Performance ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Performance ◽  
At Home

Physiotherapy is the trending medication for curing bone-related injuries and pain. In many cases, due to sudden jerks or accidents, the patient might suffer from severe pain. Therefore, it is the miracle medication for curing patients. The aim here is to build a framework using artificial intelligence and machine learning for providing patients with a digitalized system for physiotherapy. Even though various computer-aided assessment of physiotherapy rehabilitation exist, recent approaches for computer-aided monitoring and performance lack versatility and robustness. In the authors' approach is to come up with proposition of an application which will record patient physiotherapy exercises and also provide personalized advice based on user performance for refinement of therapy. By using OpenPose Library, the system will detect angle between the joints, and depending upon the range of motion, it will guide patients in accomplishing physiotherapy at home. It will also suggest to patients different physio-exercises. With the help of OpenPose, it is possible to render patient images or real-time video.

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