Education for Women and Girls in Iraq

2022 ◽  
pp. 272-289
Author(s):  
Wafa Subhi Al Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Women's Education ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Analytical Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Educational Climate ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Policies And Programs

Women in Iraq are still acquiring equality and equity in various aspects of their personal and professional lives. Hence, it is essential to identify factors that influence their education, emphasizing equity as it fulfills lives with strength, success, and prosperity. This chapter presents key challenges that impede a prosperous educational climate that is fair among genders. The chapter presents cultural, economic, social barriers, and pushbacks against women's education in Iraq, the overall impact of education decline, among other factors that reduce equity for women. The author then presents various solutions and recommendations based on an analytical evaluation to achieve education access, equality, and equity for Iraqi women. The chapter calls to develop effective policies and programs that target the identified cultural, societal, and infrastructure obstacles to help improve women's education in Iraq and assure equality and equity.

Male Hegemony, Social Class and Women's Education

1982 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Arnot
Keyword(s):  
Women's Education ◽  
Sociology Of Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Reproduction ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Class Reproduction ◽  
British Sociology ◽  
Two Bodies

The ways in which male hegemony in education has and has not been addressed in educational research concerning women and girls in schools are considered. Two bodies of research in the British sociology of education — the cultural tradition and the political economy tradition — are discussed in terms of the ways in which they address the question of gender. The radical theories of social and cultural reproduction of class structure are then considered. It is argued that it is necessary to include a consideration of gender reproduction in any theory of class reproduction, whether the perspective is from a social or a cultural model. A theory of the production of gender differences inside and outside the schools is contrasted with prevailing reproduction theories. The paper concludes with a call for further research in the field of women's education that will both recognize the existence of class and male hegemony in the schools and will at the same time acknowledge that the constant need to reimpose hegemony entails both struggle and the possibility for change.

scholarly journals The Travails of Women and Girls in Northern Nigeria: A Human Rights Issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adah Ogbe
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Education Fund ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Government ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
Condition Of Women

The vulnerability of women and girls in Northern Nigeria is likened to an ‘endangered species’ that struggles daily to survive. That region of the country is notorious in negativities: poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, insecurity and now, blatant abuse of health and reproductive rights of women and girls. This article, hence, exposes the precarity that pervades the region and highlights the factors above i.e., poverty, illiteracy, unemployment etc., and how women and girls have been made escape goats by the socio-cultural, economic and religious establishment in Northern Nigeria. Using statistics and scholarly findings of researchers and literature, the article articulates these factors, which include but not limited to, abuse of the health and reproductive right of women and girls, illiteracy and early marriage and insecurity. The article concludes by calling the government of Nigeria to treat the condition of women and girls in the Northeast as an emergency, by setting up structures headed by or headed by shared leadership roles of women, that will investigate their situations and proffer solutions. An Empowerment Education Fund should be created to provide accessibility for compulsory primary, secondary and even tertiary education to the girl child in Northern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Social Norms Structuring Masculinities, Gender Roles, and Stereotypes: Iraqi men and boys’ common misconceptions about women and girls’ participation and empowerment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Dietrich ◽  
Zorica Skakun ◽  
Rohlat Khaleel ◽  
Tim Peute
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Male Privilege ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Community Decision ◽  
Common Misconceptions

The limited participation of Iraqi women in community decision-making in Kirkuk and Diyala is the result of various intertwined factors. This study explores emerging opportunities for social transformation in the context of sedimented layers of male privilege and the questioning of restrictive gender norms in the two governorates. With this report, Oxfam and its partners aim to dismantle barriers to women’s active participation, which is currently constrained by stereotypes and restrictive ideas about gender. Among the promising pathways for change are awareness-raising activities with male allies, alongside other longer-term efforts advancing transformative change in attitudes, practices, and behaviors.

A-level Music: a survey of opinions from music lecturers in higher education

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Hurry
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Core ◽  
Educational Climate ◽  
Education Personnel ◽  
Nation Wide Survey

This article discusses the results of a nation-wide survey of the extent to which A-level music is valued as a preparation for higher education and for employment in the music industry. The survey was carried out with music lecturers in higher education, personnel in the music industry, and present A-level and undergraduate music students. The investigation revealed a mismatch between what is looked for in a music education at A-level and what is being studied and achieved at this stage. This raises questions about the core of A-level music in relation to our changing social, cultural, economic and educational climate.

scholarly journals Futures Study in Health: A Review Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Pouragha ◽  
Najmeh Baghian ◽  
Marziye Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
The Impact

Background: Future is being continuously created at any moment and never stops. By reviewing the future, it can be discovered, evaluated and assessed to create desirable future. The health sector is daily faced with a variety of threats at different environmental, social, cultural, economic and political scales. To deal efficiently with these threats, it is necessary to use the future as an opportunity to promote people's health by investigating, anticipating and building it, and managing it properly. Therefore, this review was conducted with the aim of determining the domains and methods of future studies in the health sector. Methods: In this review article, searching was performed by terms futures study or forecasting or fore sighting and health sector in four  databases consisting of Two Persian databases Magiran and the Scientific Information Database and Two English ones Google Scholar and PubMed. In the first search, 531 articles were selected and retrieved. After the titles and abstracts were read and duplicate articles were excluded, and then the full texts of the remaining articles were reviewed, seven articles were included in the final analysis. Results: The results of studies in the health sector show that future studies is an important tool and evidence for policy makers in almost all areas of the health system's functions, such as determining the amount and types of services needed, training specialists and other health sector’s staff, allocating funds, the number of beds and other facilities, developing and constructing of hospital wards, etc. Conclusion: The results of studies in the health sector indicate that futures study provide important tools and evidence for policymakers in almost all areas of the health system's functions, such as determining the amount and types of services needed, allocating funds, number of beds, expansion of hospital departments, technology requirements, the impact of policies and programs.   Keyword: Futures Study, Foresight, forecasting, Health

scholarly journals Neoliberalism, Pro-ana/mia Websites, and Pathologizing Women: Using Performance Ethnography to Challenge Psychocentrism

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D Schott ◽  
Lauren Spring ◽  
Debra Langan
Keyword(s):  
Web Pages ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Performance Ethnography ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Dominant Ideologies ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Initial Research

Key terms such as “pro-ana,” “pro-anorexia,” and “pro-ED” are searched for on the Internet over 13 million times annually. These searches lead to web pages and social media sites where pro-anorexia and “pro-bulimia” (pro-ana/mia) contributors share weight-loss and exercise tips, “thinspiration” slogans, images and videos, and speak openly about their problems with eating and body image. In this article, we outline our initial research on online responses to pro-ana/mia, and describe how we used the data and analyses from this research to create a piece of research-informed theatre, or performance ethnography. The initial research identified a range of responses to pro-ana/mia that were aligned with either dominant or critical discourses on the causes of, and solutions for, pro-ana/mia. Our findings and analyses challenge media portrayals and medical approaches to pro-ana/mia phenomena, and support an alternative, critical analysis of how psychocentrism and neoliberalism foster social injustices for women and girls. Our work nurtures collective efforts to displace dominant ideologies and practices that have serious implications for the socio-cultural, economic, physical and mental health of women and their communities. 

scholarly journals Sindh Education Sector Plans’ Conundrums toward Enhancing Equity Access to Education for All in the Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Muhammed Nawaz Sohoo ◽  
Hamzo khan Tagar ◽  
Sheraz Ali ◽  
Abdul Karim Tagar ◽  
Ghulam Ali Bijarni
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The basic aim of the paper is to critically evaluate the Sindh school education sector plans (i.e. First plan 2014-18, and second sector plan, 2019-24) as a case study. It also attempts to find missing links of enhancing education access to girls as a policy tool in greater human interest. Paper also provides recommendations for improvement in the proposed plan in public interest. The Study concludes that investment in the education of girls may well be the highest-return investment available in the developing world so plans, policies, and programs must be focused on access educational incentives to girls for sustainable economic growth and development.

scholarly journals Problématique du genre dans les situations de détresse : le cas des réfugiés en Afrique

Refuge ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Danièle Laliberté-Beringar
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Female Relationships ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Impact

This article tries to take stock of male/female relationships in assembly areas related to wars, and especially in refugee camps. It also aims at showing how conflicts heighten inequalities between the sexes at every age level. The approach adopted has been to review scientific literature of the last decade, as well as the policies and programs of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The text is divided into several main parts: the place occupied by gender in research on refugees, in international aid, and refugee rights; a statistical overview; the transformation of the roles associated with gender; the difference in the impact of displacement depending on gender; and the vulnerability of refugee women and girls.

Policies and Social Work Against Women Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 442-462
Author(s):  
Keshav Sinha ◽  
Roma Kumari ◽  
Puja Kumari ◽  
Saria Parween ◽  
Karan Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Woman ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Women Violence

Women violence is a widespread problem that affects millions of women and girls across the world. The gender-based violence that threatens the well-being, dignity, and rights of women extends across social, cultural, economic, and regional boundaries. Women in all countries, irrespective of status, class, age, caste, or religion, experience violence once in a lifetime. However, specific groups of women suffering from various forms of discrimination, such as women with disabilities, migrant women, and lesbian, bisexual, and transgender women, are particularly vulnerable to violence. In this chapter, the author presents brief knowledge about the different type of violence against the women and also describe laws, policies, and social work which is used for the safety of the women. The theoretical framework is used to describe the remedies against violence and also help to provide love, safety, security, and shelter for every individual woman.

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