scholarly journals The Travails of Women and Girls in Northern Nigeria: A Human Rights Issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adah Ogbe
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Education Fund ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Government ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
Condition Of Women

The vulnerability of women and girls in Northern Nigeria is likened to an ‘endangered species’ that struggles daily to survive. That region of the country is notorious in negativities: poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, insecurity and now, blatant abuse of health and reproductive rights of women and girls. This article, hence, exposes the precarity that pervades the region and highlights the factors above i.e., poverty, illiteracy, unemployment etc., and how women and girls have been made escape goats by the socio-cultural, economic and religious establishment in Northern Nigeria. Using statistics and scholarly findings of researchers and literature, the article articulates these factors, which include but not limited to, abuse of the health and reproductive right of women and girls, illiteracy and early marriage and insecurity. The article concludes by calling the government of Nigeria to treat the condition of women and girls in the Northeast as an emergency, by setting up structures headed by or headed by shared leadership roles of women, that will investigate their situations and proffer solutions. An Empowerment Education Fund should be created to provide accessibility for compulsory primary, secondary and even tertiary education to the girl child in Northern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Needs of lifelong learning for professionalisation of industrial workers: Opportunities and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Zarina Kassim ◽  
Nor Aishah Buang ◽  
Lilia Halim
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceived Needs ◽  
Human Resource Department ◽  
The Government ◽  
Learning Institutions

Only 23% of Malaysian workforce has tertiary education compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries such as Singapore and Finland that have tertiary education with an average of 28% and around 35%, respectively. This study investigates perceived needs lifelong learning programmes for professionalisation among the workers. A survey was conducted on workers from the industries. Most of the workers felt that lifelong learning programmes provide personal satisfaction. In terms of perceived needs, workers from higher positions in industries need lifelong learning programmes to get better positions and better salaries as compared to those with lower positions in industries to get better job and education. Both groups have different preferences for means of learning whether face-to-face or online learning. The implications are that the government has to change their policy in terms of requirement for these companies to register with the Human Resource Department Fund so that their workers be subsidised for attending lifelong learning programmes and to encourage the participation of public higher learning institutions for providing online and weekend lifelong learning programmes to the workers.

Enclaves of Banditry: Ungoverned Forest Spaces and Cattle Rustling in Northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Onwuzuruigbo
Keyword(s):  
Forest Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
The Government ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Cattle Rustling

Abstract Parts of northern Nigeria are becoming enclaves of banditry for gangs of cattle rustlers who maraud largely ungoverned forests. Extant studies of banditry shy away from serious interrogation of cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces in northern Nigeria. Onwuzuruigbo investigates the connection between cattle rustling and ungoverned forest spaces, highlighting the role of criminal groups in creating their own governance structures. The upswing in cattle rustling may thus be attributed to poor forest governance, which effectively keeps the government and its agents away from forests. Inclusive forest governance is one path toward addressing cattle rustling in northern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Certain Aspects of Family Policy Incentives for Childbearing—A Hungarian Study with an International Outlook

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Sági ◽  
Csaba Lentner
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
New Family ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Incentives

Decreasing trends in birth rates in developed countries during the past decades, which threaten the sustainability of their populations, raise concerns in the areas of employment and social security, among others. A decrease in willingness to bear children has been examined in the international literature from several (biological, socio-cultural, economic, and spatial, etc.) aspects. Among these, the question of the effectiveness of fiscal incentives has been raised, with arguments that these are positive, but not significant, to birth rates; our study also concludes this. In Hungary, from 2010 onwards, the government has introduced very high tax allowances for families and, from 2015, has provided direct subsidies for housing purposes, all within a framework of a new family policy regime. This paper presents an evaluation of family policy interventions (e.g., housing support, tax allowances, other child-raising benefits), with the conclusion that fiscal incentives cannot be effective by themselves; a sustainable level of birth rates can only be maintained, but not necessarily increased, with an optimal design of family policy incentives. By studying the Hungarian example of pro-birth policies there is shown to be a policy gap in housing subsidies.

Violence Against Women and Girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Josephine Muthami ◽  
Haniel Nyaga Gatumu ◽  
Sahaya G. Selvam ◽  
Wambui J.
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Government

The purpose of the study was to highlight the factors associated with violence against women and girls and how they can benefit from therapy. The study was guided by the following objectives: to establish the factors associated with the occurrence of violence, determining the effectiveness of therapy in dealing with survivors of violence, exploring factors influencing or blocking effectiveness of therapy. A cross sectional research design was used in which questionnaires, an interviewing guide, focus group discussion and psychological assessment scale were used to collect study data. A sample of 75 women and girls was purposively selected from health facilities, counselling centres, chief camps, police station, NGOs and CBOs within Kibra Constituency. All respondents were females aged 18 years and above. The findings showed that all the respondents (100%) had been exposed to violence. The respondents who reported physical abuse were 30%, sexual abuse was reported by 10%, psychological and emotional abuse was reported by 16%, financial coercion was reported by 15%, neglect of children and duty by 13%, and verbal assault was reported by 16%.  Further, the results showed that the most common victims of violence are expectant mothers and children who are under the care of irresponsible persons. The most reported people to perpetrate violence were cited to be men. The responses given by the respondents as factors that trigger violence are: Previous assaults (61%), cultural expectations (61%), alcohol abuse and other drugs (49%), poor communication skills (49%), poor problem solving skills (49%), perpetrator outstretched demands on resources (49%), infidelity(37%), unemployment (37%), peer pressure (37%), frustration emanating from blocked goals (24%), childlessness (24%) and  personality traits (12%). Violence against women and girls impact negatively on their lives. The most common negative impact mentioned are depression by 75 respondents, children suffering cited by 65 respondents, family disintegration cited by 56 respondents, non-productivity, physical injury, and anxiety respectively cited  by 46 respondents. The survivors of violence have knowledge of where they can access help in order to cope with the consequences of violence. Of the 75 respondents, 75 of them said that counselling is very helpful. Perseverance is another coping mechanism mentioned by 75 respondents. Separation and keeping quite are strategies mentioned by 65 respondents. Going to hospital is another support and help available mentioned by 56 respondents. The respondents who opted for spiritual intervention were 47 while those who opted to start a business for sustainability were 38. Those who preferred sharing with significant others as a coping mechanism were 28. Last but not least, 18 women indicated that support groups are helpful in dealing with violence. The study recommended that women and girls should be empowered financially and policies put into place to curb violence. The government and other stakeholders should partner to support women and girls to overcome violence in the society.

“Opting Out”: An Experiment with Jurisdiction in Northern Nigeria

1964 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
S. S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
African State ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

With the commencement of the Native Courts (Amendment) Law, 1961, the Government of the Northern Region of Nigeria abolished “opting out”, an experiment with jurisdiction which must surely be unique within the history of modern legal systems and therefore worthy of recording before the facts are obscured and lest any other African state, faced with similar difficulties, is tempted to adopt this expedient as a temporary palliative to meet a similar situation. It is all the more desirable to publish the facts since the strong case for abolition presented by the Northern Regional Government is in danger of being lost by default. On 14th October, 1961, the Daily Service in Nigeria published a bitter attack on the Native Courts (Amendment) Law, 1961, under the title “The light goes out in the North”.

scholarly journals The co-Evolution of Equitable Tertiary Education in a Global Networked Society: The Case of the OERu

2019 ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
Danielle Dubien ◽  
Niki Davis ◽  
Wayne Mackintosh
Keyword(s):  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Sustainable Services ◽  
To Come

The continuing evolution of ubiquitous learning technologies and networks is reshaping models of learning with increasing potential for underserved populations of learners who cannot afford tertiary education. This paper presents a case study of innovative highly networked organisation called the “Open Education Resource universitas” (OERu). As the theme of EDEN 2019 conference has recognised, “Technology is with us everywhere which validates the horizontal-holistic approach for imperative questions of the period. For the transforming education landscape, challenges come increasingly from the socio-cultural-economic, structural and policy fields. Education has to be visionary to reach efficiency gains, new sources – and to offer sustainable services, reflecting the complexity of modern societies.” The OERu is on the far left of such visionary developments with a radically open approach to its equitable mission to expand higher education to come within the reach of all of students who are likely to remain underserved.Established in 2011, the OERu as an educational organisation is co-evolving with cutting edge technologies such as, micro-learning, alternative digital credentials, and implementation of an open source Next Generation Digital Learning Environment (NGDLE) (Brown, 2017). Its strategy is to evolve by scaling up with partners worldwide. Innovations already documented include a successful small mOOC (Davis Mackintosh, 2013). This case study plots the OERu in Niki Davis’ (2018) Arena Framework to clarify the complexity of the evolution of this organisation. The findings aim to support the OERu and its partners to fulfil their vision of providing affordable access to education.

scholarly journals The impact of education tax and investment in human capital on economic growth in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Abubakar Aminu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Distributed Lag Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Lag Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigated the impact of education tax and investment in human capital on economic growth in Nigeria utilizing the Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model of cointegration covering the period of 25 years from 1995 to 2019. The findings reveal that education tax and investment in human capital have positive and significant effect on the growth of the Nigerian economy over the sampled period. The paper recommends that in order to boost the economy, Nigeria would need to, among other policy frameworks, provide a suitable environment for ensuring macro-economic stability through effective utilization of income from education tax that will encourage increased investment in human capital in the public sector. In addition to income from education tax, for effective and speedy economic growth and development in Nigeria, the government, beneficiaries (students/parents), employers of labor and other stakeholders in the society should share the responsibility for financing primary, secondary and tertiary education, so as to provide a solid foundation for human capital development. However, as revealed in this paper, the contribution of education tax and investment in human capital is most likely to be realized over a long-run period than in the short term. Keywords: Education Tax; Investment; Human capital; Economic growth

scholarly journals Implementation of foreign experience of territorial defense state regulation mechanisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Serhii Yaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Territorial Defense ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Overseas Territories

Experience of foreign countries demonstrates that approaches to the organization of territorial defense are based on theoretical foundations of state regulation. In the US, emphasis is placed on improving the Department of Defense’s contractual regulation of public good contentment with an actual product or service acquired by the government or the procurement process itself, with a prominent role for the private sector, to which the powers of the state (legal, economic, and public territorial defense state regulation mechanisms) are delegated. In the UK, emphasis is placed оn the territorial defense of overseas (remote) territories as important zones that require defense responsibility in terms of ensuring the security of the nation and its overseas territories, protecting their citizens and their way of life, which are the duties of the government (economic and social territorial defense state regulation mechanisms). The territorial defense of France depends on state jurisdiction and know-how, and the idea of «a spirit of protection» that is developed from school age (social, legal, information, public territorial defense state regulation mechanisms). The concept and system of territorial defense, based on military service and aimed at increasing the combat readiness of the mobilization forces, by which the government identifies potential candidates for professional armed forces in Finland (territorial defense state regulation mechanisms: political, organizational, legal, information, public, economic). For China, territorial defense is the protection of the homeland for which the frontier forces of public security (legal, social and organizational territorial defense state regulation mechanisms) have been created. Polish territorial defense is based on training, equipment, cooperation and interaction of territorial defense forces with third parties (legal, social, organizational, cultural, economic, informational, educational and propaganda territorial defense state regulation mechanisms). Implementation of the territorial defense state regulation mechanisms of foreign countries provides an opportunity to develop proposals for improvement of territorial defense state regulation mechanisms as a component of defense reform.

Literature Communication Health Reproductive Education of Youth in Anticipation of Early Marriage

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Dewi Novianti ◽  
Siti Fatonah
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Family Development ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Reproductive Health Education ◽  
National Family ◽  
National Family Planning ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Do So

The high number of cases of early marriage in Bantul raises its problems. Communication literacy Adolescent reproductive health is still low, so the researchers conducted this study. Research on communication literacy, adolescent reproductive health, education aims to: knowing the knowledge of adolescent reproductive education in Sorowajan, Bantul. Second, the researcher wants to provide literacy in reproductive education health communication for adolescents in Sorowajan, Bantul. This research method is descriptive qualitative, by conducting interviews and Focused Group Discussions with the youth of Bantul's Sorowajan Village According to the study's findings, many teenagers who marry at a young age do so due to a lack of knowledge about adolescent reproductive health, poverty, and a lack of education. The government has carried out adolescent reproductive education through several programs, including the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) which has established Youth Family Development (BKR) groups whose targets are families with teenage children. Academics need to help the government carry out communication literacy on adolescent reproductive health, which in this case the researcher and the team have already done it.

E-Portfolios as a Quantitative and Qualitative Means of Demonstrating Learning Outcomes and Competencies in Engineering

2012 ◽  
pp. 124-154
Author(s):  
Juliana Kaya Prpic ◽  
Graham Moore
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Individual Student ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Professional Body ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Body ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Engineering Career

An outcomes-based approach to engineering education within the tertiary sector is now mandatory in Australia, with the government body responsible for the quality of tertiary education (TEQSA) and the professional body responsible both for accrediting engineering degrees and for registering professional engineers (Engineers Australia) couching their expectations and requirements in terms of outcomes expressed as competencies. In response, the institutions providing engineering qualifications have expressed the outcomes anticipated from successful completion of their courses in terms of graduate attributes. The net effect is that the outcomes attached to engineering education relate to a wide variety of domains, ranging from the spatial (what points on the engineering landscape must be covered) through the agentic (what actions an engineer should be able to undertake) to the temporal (when in an engineering career particular competencies should be evident), but how these translate to practical competencies at the level of the individual student or practicing engineer is not explicit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document