Transtechnical Essence of Technology

2022 ◽  
pp. 27-57
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Philosophical Framework

This chapter introduces the reader to the stage of the discussion on the dialectic transformation of machine into machinery with an eye towards the transhumanist perspectives. With the help of Heidegger, the discussion is focused on the transhumanist technology and the ideologues of transhumanist improvement of human evolution. This early groundwork helps situate the contemporary treatment of cyborgoethics within a historical and philosophical framework. This is important in guiding researchers in exploring the essence of scientific work with an eye towards the cyborgization movement that is reshaping human life and society.

scholarly journals ETIKA DALAM PANDANGAN AL-FARABI

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syafi'i
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
Philosophical Framework ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Human Social Life

Ethics is a philosophical part of axiology and becomes an important basis in the formation of morality. Today, ethics even becomes a serious individual matter that has an impact on human social life. There are many Islamic philosophers who highlight the theme of ethics within the philosophical framework, one of them is Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi. His view of human action and especially of happiness shows his different mind from the previous philosopher. His view of happiness reflects the orientation of human life in the present that overriden by the crisis of existence. In addition, some of his essays even focus exclusively on ethical discussions. Unfortunately, only a few scholars studied his ethical mind in a brief sub-section. Therefore, this paper will try to fill the void, as well as to contribute about the importance of ethics for the sustainability of individual morality and social morality.

Avatars as Bodiless Characters

2022 ◽  
pp. 130-144
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Virtual Space

In this chapter, the author introduces the reader to the importance of virtual reality in human life, avatars, and communicating with digital characters and demonstrates the pervasiveness of technology's penetration into our lives, not only physically, cognitively, and emotionally, but also environmentally. As the created interpreters and representatives of scientific work as the substance subject of scientific history, avatars participate, along with robots, cyborgs, and artificial intelligence, in the desubjectivization, biological denaturalization, and despiritualization of man and death of biological life. The ‘cyborgization' of humans in virtual space extends the landscape of the discussion on cyborgoethics.

scholarly journals Social values influence the adequacy conditions of scientific theories: beyond inductive risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Brigandt
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Epistemic Values ◽  
Inductive Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philosophical Framework ◽  
Theory Acceptance ◽  
The Impact

The ‘death of evidence’ issue in Canada raises the spectre of politicized science, and thus the question of what role social values may have in science and how this meshes with objectivity and evidence. I first criticize philosophical accounts that have to separate different steps of research to restrict the influence of social and other non-epistemic values. A prominent account that social values may play a role even in the context of theory acceptance is the argument from inductive risk. It maintains that the more severe the social consequences of erroneously accepting a theory would be, the more evidence is needed before the theory may be accepted. However, an implication of this position is that increasing evidence makes the impact of social values converge to zero; and I argue for a stronger role for social values. On this position, social values (together with epistemic values and other empirical considerations) may determine a theory's conditions of adequacy, which among other things can include considerations about what makes a scientific account unbiased and complete. I illustrate this based on recent theories of human evolution and the social behaviour of non-human primates, where some of the social values implicated are feminist values. While many philosophical accounts (both arguments from inductive risk and from underdetermination) conceptualize the relevance of social values in terms of making inferences from evidence, I argue for the need for a broader philosophical framework, which is also motivated by issues pertaining to scientific explanation.

Parallel structures: André Leroi-Gourhan, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and the making of French structural anthropology

2020 ◽  
pp. 095269512091153
Author(s):  
Jacob Collins
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Individual Object ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
New Humanism ◽  
Cave Paintings ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Stability

This article reframes our understanding of French structural anthropology by considering the work of André Leroi-Gourhan alongside that of Claude Lévi-Strauss. These two anthropologists worked at opposite poles of the discipline, Lévi-Strauss studying cultural objects, like myths and kinship relations; Leroi-Gourhan looking at material artifacts, such as stone tools, bones, arrowheads, and cave paintings. In spite of their difference in focus, these thinkers shared a similar approach to the interpretation of their sources: Each individual object was meaningful only as part of a larger whole. For Lévi-Strauss, structuralism was designed to unlock features of the human mind; for Leroi-Gourhan, to uncover the material processes that underlay human life. Again, in spite of their difference in orientation, both structuralisms produced similar theories of human society. Whether ‘primitive’ or ‘advanced’, all societies functioned the same way: Their institutions worked harmoniously, beyond the intentions of any individual actors, to preserve the stability of the group. This eliminated the basis for thinking one society was superior to another. Finally, the article argues that both Lévi-Strauss and Leroi-Gourhan believed that structural anthropology could found a ‘new humanism’, and thereby rescue modernity from moral degeneration. This ‘new humanism’ could not only produce a universal description of human nature, but also help rethink French colonialism, broker new geopolitical alliances, and prevent the erasure of world cultures. Structural anthropology thus imagined a tight relationship between its social-scientific work and its political-moral mission.

scholarly journals MERETAS PENDIDIKAN TERINTEGRATIF PADA MATA KULIAH PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI KEAGAMAAN ISLAM NEGERI: Transformasi Ideologi Pancasila dan Deradikalisasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-154
Author(s):  
Arief Adi Purwoko
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Integrated Curriculum ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
The Republic

Ideology is an important part of human life, both as ideals and the system of thinking. Nevertheless not many realize, that ideology is a construction, either consciously or naturally formed. This article is a literature study, in an effort to uncover and illustrate contemplatively the development of education of ideology, especially by placing civic education at Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri (PTKIN) as a filter of the radicalisation. The strategy offered is the adoption of integrated curriculum to raise students’ conscientization. The article discusses the transformation of Pancasila ideology through: i) urgency of civic education in PTKIN; II) The role of PTKIN to convey Pancasila as national ideology; and (iii) an integrated curriculum model in civic education as an ideological transformation effort. The discussion will begin from the role of PTKIN as a government representative in implementing education, which is to educate citizens as well as assert Pancasila as a nation's ideology. PTKIN must be able to translate the universal values of Islam and Pancasila, without any conflict. At the same time, the citizenship education in it does not have to be interpreted as a doctrinal space, but rather a dialogical space between the universal values of which — manifested in both the theory and the legal evidence — in various events. It will also comparatively describe that “stick and carrot model” would rather keep away from education goals, only create fear, and not differ from the pattern of a radicalism. In conclusion, the integrated curriculum involves the creation of products from various branches of science, multidisciplinary, especially from the scientific work that has been produced by PTKIN, as well as studies adopted from Islamic Studies. By adopting the integrated curriculum, hopefully, will be formed a holistic understanding of students, so that with the conscientization, independently will be able to analyse the threat of radicalism for the existence of the Republic of Indonesia.

THE PROBLEMS OF PESANTREN EDUCATION IN IMPROVING HUMAN ACADEMIC QUALITY IN THE GLOBAL-MULTICULTURAL ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-186
Author(s):  
Qolbi Khoiri ◽  
Ani Aryati
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Academic Quality ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The West ◽  
Left Behind

This scientific work outlines the obstacles facing Pesantren education in improving academic human beings' global-multicultural era. Pesantren global currents can cause paradox or symptoms of counter-morality. So does the pattern of life in the West, even significantly affect the moral decay, moral and human behavior. With this condition, the influence is considerable on human life, both physical and spiritual. Thus, Pesantren education faced various challenges with developing education models in the era of globalization implemented by community members, such as system problems, human resource problems, and curriculum development. Therefore, to improve the quality of academic humanity in the global-multicultural era, Pesantren have problems exploring all the resources they have. Because Pesantren education is less concerned with the situation, human resource problem, a strong influence of western culture in domination and imperialization of information, and the current culture of globalization can lead to paradox or symptoms of counter-morality. With this problem, a Pesantren can devote all the power, effort, and ability to innovate. Finding something new can help a student's life for the better. However, if Pesantren does not dig all his skills, he will be left behind by the ever-evolving era.

Is Human DNA Special?

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Alan McHughen
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human History ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Human Life Span

Chapter 3 explores “Human DNA” and the genetic features of human beings. Genetic inheritance in humans follows the same patterns and principles as those of other animals and plants, but far more scientists have studied humans than have studied any other species. Thus, scientists have accumulated a hugely disproportionate amount of information directly relevant to humans. This chapter examines some curious features of human evolution. Is there a genetic basis for human race and genetic “purity”? Are telomeres ticking time bombs inside cells limiting the human life span? How did most humans end up with Neanderthal DNA in their genomes? It’s just the way the DNA cookie crumbles. This chapter also introduces the use of technology based on DNA, from human DNA fingerprinting to probing human history.

Cyborgization of Actual Social Relations

2022 ◽  
pp. 202-231
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Driverless Cars ◽  
The Future

This chapter depicts the essence of cyborgization of social relations in sports, art, music, traffic. This harkens back to the pioneering cybernetic work of Norbert Weiner and extends into the current and future reconfigurations of man-machine relations that are shaping human life and society from human enhancement to driverless cars. The chapter shows that procedures of scientific work cyborgize the historical reality of man into the era of scientific humanism as naturalism, and that it is not the future, but in fact the present, that we are acclimatizing to as we have not become fully aware of the present future.

scholarly journals Concept Formation in Political Science: An Anti-Naturalist Critique of Qualitative Methodology

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bevir ◽  
Asaf Kedar
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Philosophical Critique ◽  
Philosophical Framework

This article offers an anti-naturalist philosophical critique of the naturalist tendencies within qualitative concept formation as developed most prominently by Giovanni Sartori and David Collier. We begin by articulating the philosophical distinction between naturalism and anti-naturalism. Whereas naturalism assumes that the study of human life is not essentially different from the study of natural phenomena, anti-naturalism highlights the meaningful and contingent nature of social life, the situatedness of the scholar, and so the dialogical nature of social science. These two contrasting philosophical approaches inspire, in turn, different strategies of concept formation. Naturalism encourages concept formation that involves reification, essentialism, and an instrumentalist view of language. Anti-naturalism, conversely, challenges reified concepts for eliding the place of meanings, essentialist concepts for eliding the place of contingency, and linguistic instrumentalism for eliding the situatedness of the scholar and the dialogical nature of social science. Based on this philosophical framework, we subject qualitative concept formation to a philosophical critique. We show how the conceptual strategies developed by Sartori and Collier embody a reification, essentialism, and instrumentalist view of language associated with naturalism. Although Collier's work on concept formation is much more flexible and nuanced than Sartori's, it too remains attached to a discredited naturalism.

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