Detecting Markers of Radicalisation in Social Media Posts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-28
Author(s):  
Loo Seng Neo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Terrorism Risk ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique

This study involved the creation of factors and indicators that can detect radicalization in social media posts. A concurrent approach of an expert knowledge acquisition process (modified Delphi technique) and literature review was utilized. Seven Singapore subject-matter experts in the field of terrorism evaluated factors that were collated from six terrorism risk assessment tools (ERG 22+, IVP, TRAP-18, MLG, VERA-2, and Cyber-VERA). They identify those that are of most considerable relevance for detecting radicalization in social media posts. A parallel literature review on online radicalization was conducted to complement the findings from the expert panel. In doing so, 12 factors and their 42 observable indicators were derived. These factors and indicators have the potential to guide the development of cyber-focused screening tools to detect radicalization in social media posts.

Needs assessment of international capacity building using a Delphi technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth David Strang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to engage African subject matter experts to assist with a needs assessment of international capacity building for developing countries in Africa, to establish a prioritized list of capacity building keywords substantiated by a current literature review. Design/methodology/approach A pragmatic mixed-method research design was used which involved conducting literature reviews and applying a modified Delphi technique to determine future research needs. The credibility of these results was strengthened by selecting a Delphi subject matter expert panel from African countries including Benin, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Cameroon, Congo, Burkina Faso, Eritrea, Algeria and Nigeria. Non-parametric statistical techniques were used to objectively analyze the qualitative data and prioritize the findings. Findings The results clearly identified seven literature keywords which could improve future African capacity building research (in order of highest importance first): Trade Union (regional economic integration), Governance, FDI, Emigration, Education, Economic (small business stimulation), and Brain Gain. Additional keywords surfaced in the literature related to these ones, namely healthcare and brain drain (emigrating academics and scholars). Research limitations/implications The results of this study should generalize to government and capacity building policy administrators in Africa as well as to other researchers and practitioners in this field. The use of a novel modified Delphi technique should also be of interest to other researchers. Originality/value The modified Delphi technique commenced with a knowledge sharing conference where pre-selected subject matter experts collaborated to define the initial scope of questions. Another novel aspect of the customized Delphi technique was that the subject matter experts were required to conduct a literature review to substantiate their responses to questions.

The Use of Terrorism Risk Assessment Tools in Australia to Manage Residual Risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ripperger
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Terrorism Risk ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Legislative Measures

There is growing concern in Australia about the residual risk of acts of terrorism or violent extremism posed by offenders after their release to the community from jail. A number of legislative measures have been passed that attempt to address this particular risk. Terrorism risk assessment tools are central to the effective operation of these new laws. Although existing tools demonstrate potential in assisting decision makers in identifying and managing persons that pose a risk of extremist violence there remain several challenges. These tools provide a useful guide to information gathering and analysis, however the assessment process is time consuming and resource intensive. Further, existing tools are currently given limited weight by the courts which impairs the effectiveness of legal measures designed to address residual risk.

scholarly journals Comparison of drug-related problem risk assessment tools for older adults: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Emmi Puumalainen ◽  
Marja Airaksinen ◽  
Sanni E. Jalava ◽  
Timothy F. Chen ◽  
Maarit Dimitrow
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Disease Therapy ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Development Methods

Abstract Purpose This study aims to systematically review studies describing screening tools that assess the risk for drug-related problems (DRPs) in older adults (≥ 60 years). The focus of the review is to compare DRP risks listed in different tools and describe their development methods and validation. Methods The systematic search was conducted using evidence-based medicine, Medline Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 1985, to April 7, 2016. Publications describing general DRP risk assessment tools for older adults written in English were included. Disease, therapy, and drug-specific tools were excluded. Outcome measures included an assessment tool’s content, development methods, and validation assessment. Results The search produced 15 publications describing 11 DRP risk assessment tools. Three major categories of risks for DRPs included (1) patient or caregiver related risks; (2) pharmacotherapy-related risks; and (3) medication use process-related risks. Of all the risks included in the tools only 8 criteria appeared in at least 4 of the tools, problems remembering to take the medication being the most common (n=7). Validation assessments varied and content validation was the most commonly conducted (n = 9). Reliability assessment was conducted for 6 tools, most commonly by calculating internal consistency (n = 3) and inter-rater reliability (n = 2). Conclusions The considerable variety between the contents of the tools indicates that there is no consensus on the risk factors for DRPs that should be screened in older adults taking multiple medicines. Further research is needed to improve the accuracy and timeliness of the DRP risk assessment tools.

Effective Use of Diabetes Risk Assessment Tools in Clinical Practice: Findings from a Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. S74-S75
Author(s):  
Maylene Fong ◽  
Ann F. Sarte ◽  
Kitty Yung ◽  
Laura Ng ◽  
Sharon Koehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Effective Use

scholarly journals Guidelines for the Evaluation of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy in Stroke Patients

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Sung-Hyoun Cho ◽  
Ki-Bok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Delphi Survey ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Modified Delphi

Evaluation of stroke patients is prioritized over therapeutic interventions to restore cardiorespiratory capacity. This study aimed to develop a clinically applicable guideline to evaluate cardiorespiratory physiotherapy in stroke patients based on a literature review and a modified Delphi survey. The literature search included 13,498 articles in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. We surveyed previous articles between January 2010 and June 2019. After the option elimination process, a total of 27 documents were selected and analyzed (draft: 18, modified Delphi survey: 9). The results of this research are roughly divided into two categories. First, 31 draft items were extracted, and a modified Delphi survey questionnaire was created from a literature review. Second, an expert was asked to make two modified Delphi surveys and to modify, delete, and supplement the entries in the statistical analysis at each level to finalize the steps to 20 items. The guidelines developed in this study reflect the selective use of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy evaluation methods in the clinical setting, based on the health status of individual patients. Moreover, the guidelines may help physiotherapists make informed decisions based on expert knowledge, thereby playing a crucial role in the patient-centered treatment planning process.

scholarly journals Are Physical Therapeutics Important for Stroke Patients to Recover Their Cardiorespiratory Fitness?

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Ki-Bok Choi ◽  
Sung-Hyoun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique ◽  
Delphi Techniques

Background and Objectives: Aspects of improving cardiorespiratory fitness should be factored into therapeutics for recovery of movement in stroke patients. This study aimed to recommend optimized cardiorespiratory fitness therapeutics that can be prescribed to stroke patients based on a literature review and an expert-modified Delphi technique. Materials and Methods: we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases and yielded 13,498 articles published from 2010 to 2019 to support the development of drafts. After applying the exclusion criteria, 29 documents were analyzed (drafts, 17 articles; modified Delphi techniques, 12 articles). This literature was reviewed in combination with the results of a modified Delphi technique presented to experts in the physical medicine and rehabilitation field. Analysis of the literature and survey results was conducted at the participating university hospital. Results: the results of this analysis were as follows: first, 12 intervention items derived through a researcher’s literature review and a Delphi technique questionnaire were constructed using the Likert scale; second, we asked the experts to create two modified Delphi techniques by reconstructing the items after statistical analysis for each order comprising five categories, and 15 items were finally confirmed. Conclusions: the recommendations in this study may lead to the development of a standard decision-making process for physiotherapists to improve their patients’ cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, the study results can help prescribers document patient care to reduce prescription errors and improve safety. In the future, multidisciplinary studies could potentially provide better therapeutics alternatives for cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals PDB52 A LITERATURE REVIEW OF DIABETES RISK ASSESSMENT TOOLS

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. A100
Author(s):  
T. Thoopputra ◽  
S. Li ◽  
D. Newby ◽  
J. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools

scholarly journals Proposing a set of ethical guidelines for Iranian physiotherapists: results of a modified Delphi technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mohamadi, ◽  
Zahra Rojhani-Shirazi ◽  
Seyed Ali Enjoo ◽  
Ehsan Shamsi-Gooshki ◽  
Iraj Abdollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique

The code of ethical conduct for physiotherapy services must be compatible with the local culture. The ethical guidelines proposed here were developed through a literature review, focus group discussions, and finally a modified Delphi technique to achieve consensus after the data were analysed. At first, the collection of different ethical codes yielded 132 items. In the second stage, repetitive items were discarded, some new items were added, and the various codes were categorised into three domains. Overall, 175 items were considered in the Delphi stage. Subsequently, the items were reduced to 134 in total – 59 in the treatment domain, 41 in research, and 34 in the education domain. The resulting code of ethics will support patients, researchers, students, and teachers in the field of physical therapy with sensitivity to current Iranian legislation and culture.

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