Quantitative Concession Behavior Analysis and Prediction for Decision Support in Electronic Negotiations

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réal A. Carbonneau ◽  
Rustam Vahidov ◽  
Gregory E. Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Automated Negotiation ◽  
Electronic Negotiations ◽  
Memory Decay ◽  
Negotiation Agents

Quantitative analysis of negotiation concession behavior is performed based on empirical data with the purpose of providing simple and intuitive decision support in electronic negotiations. Previous work on non-linear concave preferences and subsequent concession crossover provides a theoretical basis for the model. The authors propose a model which quantifies the remaining concession potential for each issue and a generalization of the model which permits the memory/decay of past concessions. These models permit the analysis of negotiators' concession behavior. Using the proposed models, it was possible to quantitatively determine that negotiators in the authors' negotiation case exhibit concession crossover issues and thus have a tendency to give concessions on issues with the most remaining concession potential. This finding provides empirical evidence of concession crossover in actual concessions and the corresponding model permits the design of a simple and intuitive prediction methodology, which could be used in real world negotiations by decision support systems or automated negotiation agents.

Quantitative Concession Behavior Analysis and Prediction for Decision Support in Electronic Negotiations

2016 ◽  
pp. 1469-1483
Author(s):  
Réal A. Carbonneau ◽  
Rustam Vahidov ◽  
Gregory E. Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Electronic Negotiations ◽  
Negotiation Agents

Quantitative analysis of negotiation concession behavior is performed based on empirical data with the purpose of providing simple and intuitive decision support in electronic negotiations. Previous work on non-linear concave preferences and subsequent concession crossover provides a theoretical basis for the model. The authors propose a model which quantifies the remaining concession potential for each issue and a generalization of the model which permits the memory/decay of past concessions. These models permit the analysis of negotiators' concession behavior. Using the proposed models, it was possible to quantitatively determine that negotiators in the authors' negotiation case exhibit concession crossover issues and thus have a tendency to give concessions on issues with the most remaining concession potential. This finding provides empirical evidence of concession crossover in actual concessions and the corresponding model permits the design of a simple and intuitive prediction methodology, which could be used in real world negotiations by decision support systems or automated negotiation agents.

A Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Big Data Investment in Transport: Empirical evidence from European use cases of NOESIS project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Katrakazas ◽  
Natalia Sobrino ◽  
Ilias Trochidis ◽  
Jose Manuel Vassallo ◽  
Stratos Arampatzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Support Tool

Can fake news really change behaviour? Evidence from a study of COVID-19 misinformation.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Greene ◽  
Gillian Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Real World ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Behavioural Intentions ◽  
The Real ◽  
News Stories

Previous research has argued that fake news may have grave consequences for health behaviour, but surprisingly, no empirical data have been provided to support this assumption. This issue takes on new urgency in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. In this large preregistered study (N = 3746) we investigated the effect of exposure to fabricated news stories about COVID-19 on related behavioural intentions. We observed small but measurable effects on some related behavioural intentions but not others – for example, participants who read a story about problems with a forthcoming contact-tracing app reported reduced willingness to download the app. We found no effects of providing a general warning about the dangers of online misinformation on response to the fake stories, regardless of the framing of the warning in positive or negative terms. We conclude with a call for more empirical research on the real-world consequences of fake news.

scholarly journals Public health decisions in the COVID-19 pandemic require more than ‘follow the science’

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-107134
Author(s):  
Thana Cristina de Campos-Rudinsky ◽  
Eduardo Undurraga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Good Decision

Although empirical evidence may provide a much desired sense of certainty amidst a pandemic characterised by uncertainty, the vast gamut of available COVID-19 data, including misinformation, has instead increased confusion and distrust in authorities’ decisions. One key lesson we have been gradually learning from the COVID-19 pandemic is that the availability of empirical data and scientific evidence alone do not automatically lead to good decisions. Good decision-making in public health policy, this paper argues, does depend on the availability of reliable data and rigorous analyses, but depends above all on sound ethical reasoning that ascribes value and normative judgement to empirical facts.

scholarly journals Maximal modularity and the optimal size of parliaments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Gamberi ◽  
Yanik-Pascal Förster ◽  
Evan Tzanis ◽  
Alessia Annibale ◽  
Pierpaolo Vivo
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Real World ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Random Network ◽  
Functional Relation ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Universal Power Law ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Democratic Country

AbstractAn important question in representative democracies is how to determine the optimal parliament size of a given country. According to an old conjecture, known as the cubic root law, there is a fairly universal power-law relation, with an exponent equal to 1/3, between the size of an elected parliament and the country’s population. Empirical data in modern European countries support such universality but are consistent with a larger exponent. In this work, we analyse this intriguing regularity using tools from complex networks theory. We model the population of a democratic country as a random network, drawn from a growth model, where each node is assigned a constituency membership sampled from an available set of size D. We calculate analytically the modularity of the population and find that its functional relation with the number of constituencies is strongly non-monotonic, exhibiting a maximum that depends on the population size. The criterion of maximal modularity allows us to predict that the number of representatives should scale as a power-law in the size of the population, a finding that is qualitatively confirmed by the empirical analysis of real-world data.

Basic Principles and New Methods on Emotional Product Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 437-440
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Hong Juan Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Shape Design ◽  
Emotional Design ◽  
Kansei Engineering ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Product Technology

Emotional design is one of the most important methods in modern product design. It was highlighted after Donald A. Norman published his book Emotional design: why we love (or hate) everyday things. Emotional design addresses people’s needs and hopes which is in the center of the development of product design and product technology. Due to the lack of strong theoretical basis and quantitative analysis, many products can’t reach the goal of their designers with Emotional feelings, nor can consumer’s emotional understandings be similar to the designers’ emotional expectations. This paper analyzes the concept of emotional design and some difficulties which designers must to be faced in their emotional designing works, discusses on product shape design according to emotional design. On this basis, the Kansei engineering and emotional design methods are described in details.

Hybrid argumentation systems for structured news reports

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY HUNTER
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Real World ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Graphical Notation ◽  
The Real ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Argumentation Systems

Numerous argumentation systems have been proposed in the literature. Yet there often appears to be a shortfall between proposed systems and possible applications. In other words, there seems to be a need for further development of proposals for argumentation systems before they can be used widely in decision-support or knowledge management. I believe that this shortfall can be bridged by taking a hybrid approach. Whilst formal foundations are vital, systems that incorporate some of the practical ideas found in some of the informal approaches may make the resulting hybrid systems more useful. In informal approaches, there is often an emphasis on using graphical notation with symbols that relate more closely to the real-world concepts to be modelled. There may also be the incorporation of an argument ontology oriented to the user domain. Furthermore, in informal approaches there can be greater consideration of how users interact with the models, such as allowing users to edit arguments and to weight influences on graphs representing arguments. In this paper, I discuss some of the features of argumentation, review some key formal argumentation systems, identify some of the strengths and weaknesses of these formal proposals and finally consider some ways to develop formal proposals to give hybrid argumentation systems. To focus my discussions, I will consider some applications, in particular an application in analysing structured news reports.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural data shows musical scales evolved to maximise imperfect fifths

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mcbride ◽  
Tsvi Tlusty
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Harmonic Series ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Empirical Distributions ◽  
Efficient Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Data ◽  
Musical Scales

Musical scales are used throughout the world, but the question of how they evolved remains open. Some suggest that scales based on the harmonic series are inherently pleasant, while others propose that scales are chosen that are easy to communicate.However, testing these theories has been hindered by the sparseness of empirical evidence. Here, we assimilate data from diverse ethnomusicological sources into a cross-cultural database of scales. We generate populations of scales based on multiple theories and assess their similarity to empirical distributions from the database. Most scales tend to include intervals which are close in size to perfect fifths (“imperfect fifths”), and packing arguments explain the salient features of the distributions. Scales are also preferred if their intervals are compressible, which may facilitate efficient communication and memory of melodies. While scales appear to evolve according to various selection pressures, the simplest, imperfect-fifths packing model best fits the empirical data.

scholarly journals A method of constructing syllable level Tibetan text classification corpus

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 06013
Author(s):  
Jizhaxi Dao ◽  
Zhijie Cai ◽  
Rangzhuoma Cai ◽  
Maocuo San ◽  
Mabao Ban
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Real World ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Construction Method ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Corpus Construction ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
The Future

Corpus serves as an indispensable ingredient for statistical NLP research and real-world applications, therefore corpus construction method has a direct impact on various downstream tasks. This paper proposes a method to construct Tibetan text classification corpus based on a syllable-level processing technique which we refer as TC_TCCNL. Empirical evidence indicates that the algorithm is able to produce a promising performance, which may lay a starting point for research on Tibetan text classification in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document