Incorporating Vertical Acceleration for Defining Driving Behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Laura Eboli ◽  
Gabriella Mazzulla ◽  
Giuseppe Pungillo
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road

Acceleration of a vehicle is composed of three components: longitudinal, lateral, and vertical acceleration. Longitudinal and lateral accelerations have been frequently considered as components for investigating driving behaviour, with the aim of improving road safety. But in particular situations during the motion of the vehicle, also vertical acceleration is relevant. In this paper, the authors want to demonstrate that vertical acceleration is also a relevant parameter to be considered in terms of road safety. The authors focus on the difference registered by considering only lateral and longitudinal acceleration and by considering also vertical acceleration in the analysis of driving behaviour through real tests on the road. All the parameters were registered through a global positioning system (GPS) device and a tri-axial accelerometer, which allow the geo-referenced kinematic parameters of the vehicle to be detected. For this purpose, over 110 tests covering about 600 kilometers were completed. All the experimental surveys were conducted in a good weather condition, under dry road pavement conditions, on weekdays, during day time and out-of-peak hours, in order to have no influence from the traffic flow. Each path was repeatedly run by the driver in order to collect the instantaneous speed and acceleration along the pattern. During the tests, about 40,000 instantaneous values of vehicle position have been registered. The survey interested a segment of the Italian National road n.107 (S.S. 107), in Southern Italy. The authors found that by considering vertical together with longitudinal and lateral accelerations, a higher number of unsafe driving conditions can be identified. More specifically, the proposed methodology allows 20% extra of dangerous driving conditions to be registered. For this reason, the authors retain that also vertical acceleration should be considered in the definition of the safety domain, because it determines the intensity of the exchange forces between the tires and road pavement, and in some cases, it leads to a loss of friction. Definitively, the authors retain that vertical acceleration is not only useful as indicator of comfort on board, but it has an important role also in terms of road safety.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION INTO THE STABILITY OF DRIVING AN AUTOMOBILE ON THE ROAD PAVEMENT WITH RUTS

Transport ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidmantas Vansauskas ◽  
Marijonas Bogdevičius
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Simulation ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Stability

The article reviews the stability of an automobile on the road pavement with ruts. The problems of road safety depend on many factors. One of those is the quality of the road surface. Big heavy lorries deform the road surface causing ruts especially in the first line of the road. The article analyzes the influence of the geometry of ruts on the stability of the automobile. A mathematical model of a 3D automobile and the interaction between wheels and the road surface and the geometry of the road surface are presented. The mathematical criterion of the stability of the moving automobile on the road surface with ruts is laid down. The results of mathematical simulation and the criterion of the stability of the moving automobile (60 km/h) on the road surface depending on the depth of ruts are introduced.

scholarly journals Improvement of a bridge connection node with embankment by applying curved approach slabs

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Andreev ◽  
Igor Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
The Road ◽  
Approach Slabs ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Negative Shock

The article is devoted to improving the bridge connection node with embankment by application of curved approach slabs. The most important request by arranging of bridge connection with embankment is to ensure soft entry of transport from the approach embankment to the bridge for the entire period of operation. However, overtime on the road sections of bridge connection with embankment appear soil collapsing, cracks and birdbaths in the carpet. This problem is partially solved by the installation of reinforced-concrete approach slabs buried in the connection zone between the abutment and the approach embankment. Despite the use of straight approach slabs in the bridge-connection node with embankment, the formation of bumps of grade profile is observed, they reduce road safety, worsen the technical condition of vehicles, cause discomfort to the driver and passengers. From the structural and technological point of view, request by arranging of bridge connection by curved approach slabs higher functional quality can be achieved. Due to the soft passage of bridge connection node, it is possible to reduce the negative shock-dynamic effects, which will increase the durability of the connection node and approach road pavement. The article presents several possible to use bridge connection node structures through the use of curved approach slabs: concave, convex and S-shaped. A comparative analysis of bridge-connection structural versions will reveal the most effective construct that can ensure soft passage of the bridge connection node with approach embankment.

scholarly journals Effects of Vehicular Speed on the Assessment of Pavement Road Roughness

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Loprencipe ◽  
Pablo Zoccali ◽  
Giuseppe Cantisani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Ride Quality ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Vehicular Speed ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Single Number ◽  
Iso 2631

Good ride quality is a fundamental requirement for all road networks in modern countries. For this purpose, it is essential to monitor and evaluate the effect of irregularities on road pavement surfaces. In the last few decades, many roughness indices have been proposed, with the aim to represent shortly the pavement surface characteristics and the relative performances, using a single number and a correspondent scale of values. In this work, a comparison between three different evaluation methods (International Roughness Index, ISO 8608 road profile classification and frequency-weighted vertical acceleration awz according to ISO 2631) was carried out, applying these methods to some real road profiles. The similarities and differences between the obtained results are described, evaluating the effect of the road characteristic speed on the roughness thresholds. In fact, the specific aim of the analyses is to underline the need to use different thresholds depending on the speed at which the vehicular traffic can travel on the road sections. In this way, it will be possible to identify appropriate thresholds for the various types of roads, having for each of them a specific range of design or operating speed.

scholarly journals An innovative approach for high-performance road pavement monitoring using black box

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Meocci ◽  
Valentina Branzi ◽  
Andrea Sangiovanni
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Monitoring ◽  
Global Condition ◽  
On The Road

AbstractOne of the criteria adopted by the Word Bank with the aim of defining the economic level of a country is represented by the condition of the road pavements. To ensure adequate road pavement quality, road authorities should be continuously monitoring and repair the detected anomalies. To fast solve problems associated with poor quality of road surface such as comfort or safety, the presence of distress must be detected quickly. The high-performance pavement distress detection, such as those base on the image processing or on the laser scanning, is very expensive and does not allow to the road administration to conduct the appropriate monitoring campaigns. To solve these problems, the paper describes the pave box methodology, an innovative and immediately operational distress detection approach based on the exploitation of data collected by the black boxes located inside the vehicles that routinely pass on the road network. Data processing and the algorithms used in the post-processing evaluation of the vertical acceleration were compared with existing visual surveys procedures such as PCI. Two different indices have been proposed to detect and classify both the local damages and the global condition of the entire road. Pave box provides a robust evaluation of the pavement condition that allows to detect all the severe distress and not less than 70% of the minor damages on the pavement surface. The proposal is characterized by low time and cost consumption and it represents an effective tool for road authorities.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Experimental Variables for Sustainable Virtual Road Safety Audits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5899
Author(s):  
Yeonsoo Jun ◽  
Juneyoung Park ◽  
Chunho Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Net Promoter ◽  
Road Safety Audits ◽  
Road Marking

This paper evaluates experimental variables for virtual road safety audits (VRSAs) through practical experiments to promote sustainable road safety. VRSAs perform road safety audits using driving simulators (DSs), and all objects in the road environment cannot be experimental variables because of realistic constraints. Therefore, the study evaluates the likelihood of recommendation of VRSA experimental variables by comparing DSs experiments and field reviews to secure sustainable road safety conditions. The net promoter score results evaluated “Tunnel”, “Bridge”, “Underpass”, “Footbridge”, “Traffic island”, “Sign”, “Lane”, “Road marking”, “Traffic light”, “Median barrier”, “Road furniture”, and “Traffic condition” as recommended variables. On the contrary, the “Road pavement”, “Drainage”, “Lighting”, “Vehicle”, “Pedestrian”, “Bicycle”, “Accident”, and “Hazard event” variables were not recommended. The study can be used for decision making in VRSA scenario development as an initial effort to evaluate its experimental variables.

scholarly journals The Limestone as a Materials Combination of Base Course on the Road Pavement

2021 ◽  
Vol 1125 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
Yosef Cahyo Setianto Poernomo ◽  
Sigit Winarto ◽  
Zendy Bima Mahardana ◽  
Dwifi Aprillia Karisma ◽  
Rekso Ajiono
Keyword(s):  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Base Course ◽  
On The Road

Determination of Resistance to Abrasive Wear. VIII. Influence of Softeners in Tests with the Akron-Croydon and Du Pont Machines

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
J. F. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Abrasive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abrasion Testing

Abstract These experiments indicate that softeners can influence abrasion resistance, as measured by laboratory machines, in some manner other than by altering the stress-strain properties of the rubber. One possible explanation is that the softener acts as a lubricant to the abrasive surface. Since this surface, in laboratory abrasion-testing machines, is relatively small, and comes repeatedly into contact with the rubber under test, it seems possible that it may become coated with a thin layer of softener that reduces its abrasive power. It would be interesting in this connection to try an abrasive machine in which a long continuous strip of abrasive material was used, no part of it being used more than once, so as to eliminate or minimize this lubricating effect. The fact that the effect of the softener is more pronounced on the du Pont than on the Akron-Croydon machine lends support to the lubrication hypothesis, because on the former machine the rate of wear per unit area of abrasive is much greater. Thus in the present tests the volume of rubber abraded per hr. per sq. cm. of abrasive surface ranges from 0.03 to 0.11 cc. on the du Pont machine and from 0.0035 to 0.0045 cc. on the Akron-Croydon machine. On the other hand, if the softener acts as a lubricant, it would be expected to reduce considerably the friction between the abrasive and the rubber and hence the energy used in dragging the rubber over the abrasive surface. The energy figures given in the right-hand columns of Tables 1 and 3, however, show that there is relatively little variation between the different rubbers. As a test of the lubrication hypothesis, it would be of interest to vary the conditions of test so that approximately the same amount of rubber per unit area of abrasive is abraded in a given time on both machines; this should show whether the phenomena observed under the present test conditions are due solely to the difference in rate of wear or to an inherent difference in the type of wear on the two machines. This could most conveniently be done by considerably reducing the load on the du Pont machine. In the original work on this machine the load was standardized at 8 pounds, but no figures are quoted to show how abrasion loss varies with the load. As an addition to the present investigation, it is proposed to examine the effect of this variation with special reference to rubbers containing various amounts and types of softener. Published data on the influence of softeners on the road wear of tire rubbers do not indicate anything like such large effects as are shown by the du Pont machine. This throws some doubt on the value of this machine for testing tire tread rubbers, a conclusion which is confirmed by information obtained from other workers.

CERTAIN SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATION AND PROPAGANDA SAFE BEHAVIOR ON THE ROAD

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
О.О. Марокко
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Life Support System ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Social Advertising ◽  
The Relationship

В статье рассматриваются некоторые социально-психологические аспекты повышения эффективности социальной рекламы в области безопасности дорожного движения. Автором отмечено, что для достижения цели субъект пропаганды дол- жен осознать взаимосвязь между его индивидуальным поведением на дороге и надежностью всей системы жизнеобеспечения. The article discuses some of the socio-psychological aspects of increasing of social advertising in the field of road safety. The author notes that in order to achieve the goal, the subject of propaganda must aware of the relationship between his individual behavior on the road and the reliability of the entire life support system.

CHILDREN ROAD SAFETY AWARENESS: DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A ROAD SAFETY APPLICATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassiriah Shaari ◽  
Aeni Zuhana Saidin ◽  
Asmidah Alwi
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Interactive Multimedia ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Usability Test ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
Safety Application ◽  
On The Road

Road safety campaigns and programs have been extensively introduced and implemented in Malaysia. However, their effectiveness is still being debated. Children especially will become the unfortunate victims of road accidents if they are unaware of the danger and precaution actions to be safe on the road. In response to that, this paper introduces an application as an alternative that inculcates road safety awareness to further support existing related programs and campaigns. Particularly, an interactive web application incorporating interactive multimedia elements has been designed and evaluated. Results on the usability test indicate a promising success and highlight aspects and issues that can be further focused for improvement and enhancement. 

scholarly journals The system of removing slush in passenger cars - a concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Michał Rubach ◽  
Konrad Waluś
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Vehicle Movement ◽  
Temperature Surface

The appearance of slush on the road is determined by the intensity of precipitation, ambient temperature, surface and dew point temperature, atmospheric pressure and road traffic. The condition of slush (mixture of snow, ice, sand and chemicals such as salt) significantly affects the scope of road safety and the acceleration achieved in the driving processes. The agglomeration of slush in the space between the wheel and the wheel arches increases the resistance of the vehicle movement and increases the load on the suspension system and the steering. Excess snow and ice increases the risk of damage to these systems and may affect the steering and stability of the vehicle. The process of "deposition" of slush is particularly noticeable in environmental conditions with high humidity, and ambient and surface temperatures are below zero degrees Celsius. The article presents the idea of a system for removing slush from wheelhouse liners.

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