scholarly journals A Web Portal for Rice Crop Improvements

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Baurley ◽  
Arif Budiarto ◽  
Muhamad Fitra Kacamarga ◽  
Bens Pardamean
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Job Scheduler ◽  
Sqlite Database ◽  
Server Architecture

High quality models of factors influencing rice crop yield are needed in countries where rice is a staple food. These models can help select optimal rice varieties for expected field conditions. Development of a system to help scientist track and make decisions using this data is challenging. It involves incorporation of complex data structures - genomic, phenotypic, and remote sensing - with computationally intensive statistical modeling. In this article, the authors present a web portal designed to help researchers to manage and analyze their datasets, apply machine learning to detect how factors taken together influence crop production, and summarize the results to help scientists make decisions based on the learned models. The authors developed the system to be easily accessed by the entire team including rice scientist, genetics, and farmers. As such, they developed a system on a server architecture comprised of a SQLite database, a web interface developed in Python, the Celery job scheduler, and statistical computing in R.

scholarly journals A Web Portal for Rice Crop Improvements

Biotechnology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 344-360
Author(s):  
James W. Baurley ◽  
Arif Budiarto ◽  
Muhamad Fitra Kacamarga ◽  
Bens Pardamean
Keyword(s):  
Data Structures ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Job Scheduler ◽  
Sqlite Database ◽  
Server Architecture

High quality models of factors influencing rice crop yield are needed in countries where rice is a staple food. These models can help select optimal rice varieties for expected field conditions. Development of a system to help scientist track and make decisions using this data is challenging. It involves incorporation of complex data structures - genomic, phenotypic, and remote sensing - with computationally intensive statistical modeling. In this article, the authors present a web portal designed to help researchers to manage and analyze their datasets, apply machine learning to detect how factors taken together influence crop production, and summarize the results to help scientists make decisions based on the learned models. The authors developed the system to be easily accessed by the entire team including rice scientist, genetics, and farmers. As such, they developed a system on a server architecture comprised of a SQLite database, a web interface developed in Python, the Celery job scheduler, and statistical computing in R.

scholarly journals Land Suitability Modeling For Ricecrop Based Qn An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Making In Quang Tri Province Qf Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Thi Hanh Tong ◽  
Mai Phuong Pham ◽  
Thi Quyen Bui ◽  
Thi Mai Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Nga Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The present study was aimed to determine the potential cultivated lands for rice crop production in Vietnam. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TQPSIS) were employed in order to analyze the structure of an ideal solution in agriculture that focuses mainly on environmental, economic, and social sustainability. A final ranking of alternative development solutions was also accomplished. Three major factors were taken into consideration during the process, including the economics, social concerns, and the environment, in order to develop a sustainable plan for rice and other grain crops in the future. The obtained results demonstrate that the area under investigation in Quang Tri province, which encompasses 192.49 km2 of land area, was extremely conducive to growing rice crops, with the majority of the arable lands suitable for cultivating rice varieties concentrated in Trieu Long District (63.14 km2) and Hai Lang District (56.87 km2). The main findings of the present work indicated that, it can link decision makers with the influencing variables of rice crop growing utilizing a hybrid method that can be successfully used based on GIS technique. To expand production, chemical soil characteristics and agricultural development strategies should be investigated further, particularly in the studied areas with greater success potential.

scholarly journals Applications and Potential of Genome-Editing Systems in Rice Improvement: Current and Future Perspectives

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Javaria Tabassum ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Babar Hussain ◽  
Amos Musyoki Mawia ◽  
Aqib Zeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Improvement ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Food crop production and quality are two major attributes that ensure food security. Rice is one of the major sources of food that feeds half of the world’s population. Therefore, to feed about 10 billion people by 2050, there is a need to develop high-yielding grain quality of rice varieties, with greater pace. Although conventional and mutation breeding techniques have played a significant role in the development of desired varieties in the past, due to certain limitations, these techniques cannot fulfill the high demands for food in the present era. However, rice production and grain quality can be improved by employing new breeding techniques, such as genome editing tools (GETs), with high efficiency. These tools, including clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems, have revolutionized rice breeding. The protocol of CRISPR/Cas9 systems technology, and its variants, are the most reliable and efficient, and have been established in rice crops. New GETs, such as CRISPR/Cas12, and base editors, have also been applied to rice to improve it. Recombinases and prime editing tools have the potential to make edits more precisely and efficiently. Briefly, in this review, we discuss advancements made in CRISPR systems, base and prime editors, and their applications, to improve rice grain yield, abiotic stress tolerance, grain quality, disease and herbicide resistance, in addition to the regulatory aspects and risks associated with genetically modified rice plants. We also focus on the limitations and future prospects of GETs to improve rice grain quality.

scholarly journals Komposisi dan Sebaran Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Penyakit pada Padi di Nusa Tenggara Barat

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Sudir Sudir ◽  
Dini Yuliani ◽  
Lalu Wirajaswadi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaves ◽  
Differential Varieties ◽  
Planting Season ◽  
Screen House

<p>A study was carried out to identify the composition and distribution of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotypes on rice crop in West Nusa Tenggara, during the 2012 planting season. Three activities were conducted, namely collection of rice leaf samples from the fields, isolation of Xoo from the leaf samples at the laboratory, and testing pathotypes of Xoo at the screen house. Rice leaves showing typical bacterial leaf blight (BLB) symptom were collected from various farmers’ fields. The samples were detached and put into paper envelopes, and were taken to the laboratory for isolation of Xoo, at the Laboratory of Pythopathology of Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi. Pathotype testing was done in the ICRR screen house by inoculating the leaves of five differential rice varieties using inocula of the Xoo isolates. Resistance of the rice differential varieties was determined based on the BLB disease severity. Inoculated plant with disease severity ≤11% was considered resistant (R) and disease severity &gt;11% was susceptible (S). From the 240 samples of rice leaf infected with BLB collected from West Nusa Tenggara, 232 Xoo isolates were obtained. The Xoo pathotype identification showed that pathotype IV was the most dominant in West Nusa Tenggara during the 2012 planting season, numbering 118 isolates or 51.0% out of the total isolates, followed by pathotype VIII (67 isolates or 29.0%), and pathotype III (47 isolates or 20.0%).</p>

High-yielding NERICA mutant rice for upland areas and hope for Bangladeshi farmers.

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Mirza Mofazzal Islam ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
Rigyan Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Drought is an important stress phenomenon in Bangladesh that greatly hampers crop production. So, it is imperative to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties. Low-yielding, non-uniform flowering and late-maturing Africa rice - New Rice for Africa (NERICA), viz. NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 varieties - were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays (250, 300 and 350 Gy) in 2010. M1 plants were grown and M2 plants were selected based on earliness and higher grain yield. The desired mutants along with other mutants were grown as the M3 generation during 2011. A total of 37 mutants from NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 were selected on the basis of plant height, short duration, drought tolerance and high yield in the M4 generation. In the M5 generation, six mutants were selected for drought tolerance, earliness, grain quality and higher yield. With respect to days to maturity and grain yield (t/ha), the mutant N1/250/P-2-6-1 of NERICA-1 matured earlier (108 days) and had higher grain yield (5.1 t/ha) than the parent. The mutant N4/350/P-4(5) of NERICA-4 also showed a higher grain yield (6.2 t/ha) than its parent and other mutants. On the other hand, NERICA-10 mutant N10/350/P-5-4 matured earlier and had a higher yield (4.5 t/ha) than its parent. Finally, based on agronomic performance and drought tolerance, the two mutants N4/350/P-4(5) and N10/350/P-5-4 were selected and were evaluated in drought-prone and upland areas during 2016 and 2017. These two mutants performed well with higher grain yield than the released upland rice varieties. They will be released soon for commercial cultivation and are anticipated to play a vital role in food security in Bangladesh.

Response of rice varieties to different sowing windows under Konkan conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Jagtap ◽  
U. V. Mahadkar ◽  
S. A. Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2015-16 to study the response of rice varieties to different sowing windows under Konkan conditions. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments were three sowing windows, viz., 23rd Met Week, 24th Met Week, 25thMet Week. The sub plot treatments comprised five rice varietiesviz., Karjat-5, Palghar-1, Jaya, Swarna and Karjat-2. Thus there were 45 treatment combinations. Results revealed that rice crop sown on 23rd Met. Week recorded significantly higher grain yield (5782 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6462 kg ha-1). Long duration rice variety Swarna recorded the maximum grain yield (5782 kg ha-1) as well as straw yield (6462 kg ha-1), which was significantly higher over all other varieties under study except variety Jaya which was at par. From the present investigation it can be concluded that kharif rice in Konkan be sown during 23rd meteorological week with rice variety Swarna followed by conventional variety Jaya, so as to obtain higher yield and economic returns

scholarly journals Energy Assessment of Rice- Wheat Cropping Systems in Agro-Climatic Zone-1 of Haryana State

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Parmod Sharma ◽  
. Yadvika ◽  
Kanishk Verma ◽  
Y. K. Yadav ◽  
. Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Crop Cultivation

The aim of study to examined the operation-wise and source wise energy use in wheat and rice crop production.  Present study was conducted in four districts of Haryana namely Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal and Sonipat, which are situated at the bank of Yamuna canal and comes under agro climatic zone-1. In this study total 1080 farmers from 120 villages in different categories (360 from each group) were interviewed and information on various input in wheat and rice crop production was collected during winter and rainy seasons consecutive two years i.e. 2018-19 and 2019-20. Based on the collected information, all the cultural practices in wheat and rice crop production were identified and converted into energy by using standard energy equivalents. Results showed that total operation-wise energy expenditure by large, medium and small farmer's was 43693.82, 42557.21 and 41915.70 MJ/ha respectively in rice crop production. In case of wheat crop cultivation total operation-wise energy consumed by large, medium and small farmer's was 26472.74, 26576.39 and 25644.18 MJ/ha respectively. In both the crop production irrigation and fertilizer share more than 75 % of the total energy.  Fertilizer alone accounted approximately 40 % 0f total energy followed by irrigation and it was also estimated that large group farmer's consumed more energy as compared to medium and small categories farmers in cultivation of rice and wheat crop. Total source-wise energy expenditure  by large, medium and small farmer's was 39402.40, 36579.49 and 36332.21.70 MJ/ha  respectively in rice crop production. In case of wheat crop cultivation total source-wise energy consumed by large, medium and small farmer's was 19969.47, 20486.03 and 20180.73 MJ/ha respectively. From the study it was concluded that energy consumption has a positive relationship with the yield.

scholarly journals The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention to Climate Variability and How Weedy Rice and Underutilized Grains Come in Handy

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah ◽  
Muhamad Shakirin Mispan ◽  
Phaik Eem Lim ◽  
Niranjan Baisakh ◽  
Acga Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Dwarfing Gene ◽  
The 1960S

Rice, the first crop to be fully sequenced and annotated in the mid-2000s, is an excellent model species for crop research due mainly to its relatively small genome and rich genetic diversity. The 130-million-year-old cereal came into the limelight in the 1960s when the semi-dwarfing gene sd-1, better known as the “green revolution” gene, resulted in the establishment of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety IR8. Deemed as the miracle rice, IR8 saved millions of lives and revolutionized irrigated rice farming particularly in the tropics. The technology, however, spurred some unintended negative consequences, especially in prompting ubiquitous monoculture systems that increase agricultural vulnerability to extreme weather events and climate variability. One feasible way to incorporate resilience in modern rice varieties with narrow genetic backgrounds is by introgressing alleles from the germplasm of its weedy and wild relatives, or perhaps from the suitable underutilized species that harbor novel genes responsive to various biotic and abiotic stresses. This review reminisces the fascinating half-century journey of rice research and highlights the potential utilization of weedy rice and underutilized grains in modern breeding programs. Other possible alternatives to improve the sustainability of crop production systems in a changing climate are also discussed.

Abstract P327: COPa Library: A Proteomic Knowledge Base for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobel Zong ◽  
Haomin Li ◽  
Ning Deng ◽  
Lingxuan Chen ◽  
Yueju Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
Statistical Confidence ◽  
Parallel Data ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Cardiovascular Biology

We constructed the Cardiac Organellar Peptide Atlas Library (COPa library) as a targeted and interactive resource to the cardiovascular community. Annotated peptide spectra are hosted using a relational database in a modular fashion based on species (e.g. human, mouse) and organelles (e.g. mitochondria, proteasome). Within this release of COPa library, a total of 108,268 spectra have been disseminated via two avenues. A web portal was established to navigate the library via parallel set of identifiers, such as protein name, accession number, gene symbol, etc. In parallel, a web-service cyber-infrastructure was engineered to aid the annotation of mass spectra submitted via internet. The large raw spectra files are dissected into small data packages at the local PC before submission. This workflow surpasses the limitation of network bandwidth, as well as enables parallel data submission and search. A benchmark test with 897,327 ms/ms spectra showed the library searching covers 93.4% of proteins identified via database searching, as well as additional 23.9% of proteins at the same level of statistical confidence. In addition, a wiki-like web interface was embedded in the library web portal in order to facilitate the synthesis of consensus knowledge among the cardiovascular community on innovations of functional proteomics. Overall, the COPa library search supports targeted proteomic characterization, which complements database search for exploratory survey. The implementation of the COPa library-based proteomic knowledgebase leverages state-of-the-art technology and annotated datasets among the research community at large. Its application bridges discovery-driven and hypothesis-driven research while fostering translational medicine.

scholarly journals Crop Production in the Haor Areas of Bangladesh: Insights from Farm Level Survey

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shahe Alam ◽  
MA Quayum ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Boro Rice

A study was conducted in the haor areas of Bangladesh to assess the land utilization status, delineate the productivity and profitability of growing modern rice, evaluate the existing cropping patterns and assess the prospect of possible cropping patterns. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. Applying the conventional descriptive statistics, the study revealed that, there are about 1.26 million hectares of cultivated lands in seven haor districts, of which 66% falls under haor area. In Kishoregonj and Hobigonj, nearly 94 and 87% areas were devoted to MV Boro rice production. Both BRRI dhan 28 and 29 were being the widely adopted rice varieties. On an average, about 33% of the haor areas were under mechanized irrigation, but in Kishoregonj, the coverage of mechanized irrigation was 87% that helped increasing cropping intensity. The cost of production for MV Boro was almost double than that of LV rice. The yield of MV Boro was 79% higher than that of LVs and the return from MVs was 82% higher. Rabi-Fallow-T. Aman, Vegetable-Aus-T. Aman and Rabi-B.Aman patterns were the potential cropping patterns in some selected areas and this could increase both cropping intensity and productivity in those areas. According to the farmers' assessment, lack of flood control dam and lack of short duration varieties etc. are the major hindrance to the adoption of potential cropping patterns. Construction of community harvest and threshing facilities and flood control devices could be the important public interventions for enhanced agricultural productivity in the haor areas. Key words: Haor areas; potential pattern; productivity; mechanization; profitability DOI: 10.3329/agric.v8i2.7582 The Agriculturists 8(2): 88-97 (2010)

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