Can I Consider the Pong Racket as a Part of My Body?

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Di Tore ◽  
Paola Aiello ◽  
Pio Alfredo Di Tore ◽  
Maurizio Sibilio
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
The Real ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Real Environment

Up to which point can people consider as part of their body the Pong racket, or an avatar on the screen, on which do people exert direct motor control as well? When individuals move in a virtual environment, do the proprioceptors convey information about the location of which body? In which environment? How will the information contaminate each other? How does the temperature felt on the real environment influence the interaction in the virtual environment? This paper is not intended to answer these questions, it is rather intended to raise fundamental questions of perception and phenomenology in a digital context in which bodies “are not born; they are made” (Haraway, 1991). The work should act as a positio quaestionis, with the aim of affirming the urgent need for a necessarily interdisciplinary reflection on the overall design of the body - perception - cognition - technology perimeter; it also identifies in the Berthoz simplexity and Ginzburg evidential paradigms, and in the Hansen concept of mixed reality, the building blocks of a theoretical framework aimed to the solution of these questions.

scholarly journals RATIOS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACTIVITY DEPENDING ON THE FREQUENCY OF TRANSFER OF SOCIAL ACTIVITY FROM THE REAL ENVIRONMENT TO THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT AND VICE VERSA

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
A.I. Zagranichny
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Young Specialist ◽  
Play Activity ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Communicative Activity

The article presents the results of a research of different types of activity depending on the frequency of transfer of social activity from the real environment to the virtual environment and vice versa. In the course of the research the following types of activity were identified: play activity; educational activity; work; communicative activity. 214 respondents from the following cities participated in the research: Balakovo, Saratov, Moscow. They were at the age of 15 to 24 years. 52% of them were women. They had the following social statuses: "pupil", "student", "young specialist". The correlation interrelation between the specified types of activity and the frequency of transfer of social activity from one environment into another has been analyzed and interpreted. In the course of the research the following results were received: the frequency of transfer of social activity from the real environment to the virtual environment has a direct positive link with such types of activity as play activity (r=0.221; p <0.01); educational activity (r=0.228; p <0.01) and communicative activity (r=0.346; p <0.01). The frequency of transfer of social activity from the virtual environment to the real one has a direct positive link only with two types of activity: educational activity (r=0.188; p <0.05) and communicative activity (r=0.331; p <0.01).

scholarly journals Virtual realities and education

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor D.D. Curcio ◽  
Anna Dipace ◽  
Anita Norlund
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Virtual Realities

Abstract The purpose of this article is to highlight the state of the art of virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality technologies and their applications in formal education. We also present a selected list of case studies that prove the utility of these technologies in the context of formal education. Furthermore, as byproduct, the mentioned case studies show also that, although the industry is able to develop very advanced virtual environment technologies, their pedagogical implications are strongly related to a well-designed theoretical framework.

Methods to Calibrate Projection Transformation Parameters for See-Through Head-Mounted Displays

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Oishi ◽  
Susumu Tachi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
The Real ◽  
Virtual Objects ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Transformation Parameters ◽  
Projection Transformation

See-through head-mounted displays (STHMDs), which superimpose the virtual environment generated by computer graphics (CG) on the real world, are expected to be able to vividly display various simulations and designs by using both the real environment and the virtual environment around us. However, we must ensure that the virtual environment is superimposed exactly on the real environment because both environments are visible. Disagreement in matching locations and size between real and virtual objects is likely to occur between the world coordinates of the real environment where the STHMD user actually exists and those of the virtual environment described as parameters of CG. This disagreement directly causes displacement of locations where virtual objects are superimposed. The STHMD must be calibrated so that the virtual environment is superimposed properly. Among the causes of such errors, we focus both on systematic errors of projection transformation parameters caused in manufacturing and differences between actual and supposed location of user's eye on STHMD when in use, and propose a calibration method to eliminate these effects. In the calibration method, the virtual cursor drawn in the virtual environment is directly fitted onto targets in the real environment. Based on the result of fitting, the least-squares method identifies values of the parameters that minimize differences between locations of the virtual cursor in the virtual environment and targets in the real environment. After we describe the calibration methods, we also report the result of this application to the STHMD that we have made. The result is accurate enough to prove the effectiveness of the calibration methods.

Design and control of a haptic interactive motion simulator for virtual entertainment systems

Robotica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karkoub ◽  
M.-G. Her ◽  
J.-M. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Bilateral Control ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Control Interface ◽  
Motion Simulator ◽  
Nyquist Stability

SUMMARYIn this paper, an interactive virtual reality motion simulator is designed and analyzed. The main components of the system include a bilateral control interface, networking, a virtual environment, and a motion simulator. The virtual reality entertainment system uses a virtual environment that enables the operator to feel the actual feedback through a haptic interface as well as the distorted motion from the virtual environment just as s/he would in the real environment. The control scheme for the simulator uses the change in velocity and acceleration that the operator imposes on the joystick, the environmental changes imposed on the motion simulator, and the haptic feedback to the operator to maneuver the simulator in the real environment. The stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed based on the Nyquist stability criteria. It is shown that the proposed design for the simulator system works well and the theoretical findings are validated experimentally.

scholarly journals Remote hand: Hand-centered peripersonal space transfers to a disconnected hand avatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Mine ◽  
Kazuhiko Yokosawa
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Real ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Near Space ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Real Hand

The space surrounding our body is called peripersonal space (PPS). It has been reported that visuo-tactile facilitation occurs more strongly within PPS than outside PPS. Furthermore, previous research has revealed several methods by which PPS can be extended. The present study provides the first behavioral evidence of the transfer of PPS in a virtual environment by a novel technique. PPS representation was investigated using a remote-controlled hand avatar presented far from their body in a virtual environment. Participants showed strongest visuo-tactile facilitation at the far space around the remote hand and no facilitation at the near space around the real hand, suggesting that PPS transfers from near the body to the space around the hand avatar. The present results extend previous findings of the plasticity of PPS and demonstrate flexibility of PPS representation beyond the physical and anatomical limits of body representation.

scholarly journals Mixed Reality Enhanced User Interactive Path Planning for Omnidirectional Mobile Robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulun Wu ◽  
Shi-Lu Dai ◽  
Chenguang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Avoidance Performance ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
The Real ◽  
Virtual Objects ◽  
Omnidirectional Mobile Robot ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Control Command

This paper proposes a novel control system for the path planning of an omnidirectional mobile robot based on mixed reality. Most research on mobile robots is carried out in a completely real environment or a completely virtual environment. However, a real environment containing virtual objects has important actual applications. The proposed system can control the movement of the mobile robot in the real environment, as well as the interaction between the mobile robot’s motion and virtual objects which can be added to a real environment. First, an interactive interface is presented in the mixed reality device HoloLens. The interface can display the map, path, control command, and other information related to the mobile robot, and it can add virtual objects to the real map to realize a real-time interaction between the mobile robot and the virtual objects. Then, the original path planning algorithm, vector field histogram* (VFH*), is modified in the aspects of the threshold, candidate direction selection, and cost function, to make it more suitable for the scene with virtual objects, reduce the number of calculations required, and improve the security. Experimental results demonstrated that this proposed method can generate the motion path of the mobile robot according to the specific requirements of the operator, and achieve a good obstacle avoidance performance.

Practical Evaluation of Maintenance Work in a Mixed Reality Environment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Stelzer ◽  
Matthias Klaus ◽  
Wolfgang Steger ◽  
Erik Steindecker ◽  
Gregor Tauscher
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Real Object ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Input Device ◽  
Full Size ◽  
The Real ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Ergonomic Evaluation

Virtual testing is a significant part of the product development process. It is possible to completely solve many problems through the interaction of geometric models, simulation tools, human models with the help of the appropriate software. If, in the course of testing, it is necessary to take into account subjective human perception, one may profitably use a full-size system for immersive projection (VR system). Such a system particularly makes sense in evaluating manufacturing, operating, application or maintenance. The human being interacts with a product whose physical shape does not yet exist in a virtual environment. In this case, the movements of product components are generally indirectly controlled by using a flystick, a wand or a similar input device. In reality many operations in maintenance are determined by the position and posture of the maintenance personal as well as by the mass, center of gravity and dimensions of the object to be manipulated. In a Mixed Reality Environment, it is possible to achieve a meaningful subjective ergonomic evaluation of the abovementioned operations. The paper elucidates a strategy to integrate real product components into a virtual environment. The user applies the real components or tools in the immersive full-size projection of the VR system. The VR system tracks the real object. This way, it is possible to move an invisible object model in the VR system in sync with the movements of the real object. The collision detection tool provided in the VR system is available and signalises contact of the real object with the virtual environment. The demonstrated solution is under consideration for the planning and ergonomic evaluation of service activities. The need of industry for a process that can be controlled in a safe manner is of particular concern. The solution given here is aimed at maintenance to be performed on the brake system of a light-duty truck.

Stationary walking performance of post-stroke patients and healthy individuals in real and virtual non-immersive environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ailton Barbosa da Silva Júnior ◽  
Beatriz Cristina Medeiros de Lucena ◽  
Edson Meneses Silva-Filho ◽  
Aline Braga Galvão Silveira Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Immersive Environments ◽  
The Real ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment

BACKGROUND: Several therapies are being used for the rehabilitation of stroke patients, such as Virtual Reality (VR) which has emerged as an interactive intervention to motivate and rehabilitate post-stroke patients. However, data comparison between the virtual and real environments is inconclusive. Thus, this study aimed to compare the kinematics and performance of the affected lower limb of post-stroke patients and healthy individuals during stationary walking activity between the real and virtual non-immersive environments. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 10 stroke patients and 10 healthy individuals, matched for gender and age. The participants performed stationary walking in a real and non-immersive virtual environment (Wii Fit Plus® –Running mode) for 3 minutes in random order. The performance was measured in both environments using the number of steps, while the kinematics was assessed by calculating the mean maximum flexion and extension of each joint (hip, knee, and ankle) of the affected lower limb. RESULTS: Post-stroke patients performed a higher total number of steps (p = 0.042), mainly in the third minute (p = 0.011), less knee flexion (p = 0.001) and total knee range of motion (p = 0.001) in the virtual compared with the real environment. CONCLUSIONS: Post-stroke patients performed more steps, with a faster cadence and smaller knee range of motion on the affected side in non-immersive virtual environment compared with the real environment.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Simulasi Public Speaking Berbasis Android Dengan Unity 3D

Repositor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Alfian Hanafi ◽  
Lailatul Husniah ◽  
Ali Sofyan Kholimi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Unity 3D ◽  
Test Application

ABSTRAKPublic Speaking merupakan suatu kegiatan dimana pembicara atau penyaji akan menyajikan suatu orasi kepada audien secara langsung. Public Speaking memiliki fungsi sebagai media untuk memberi informasi kepada audien, mengajak atau membujuk audien untuk melakukan, mempercayai sesuatu yang diinginkan pembicara dan memberi hiburan kepada audien. Kegiatan Public Speaking dalam masyarakat memiliki peran penting karena mampu meningkatkan keberanian seseorang untuk bicara di depan umum, selain itu Public Speaking dapat meningkatkan rasa kepemimpinan seseorang. Namun, dalam praktiknya banyak orang yang masih merasa gugup, tidak siap, bahkan tidak berani melakukan Public Speaking. Alasan itulah yang melandasi dibuatnya aplikasi simulasi pelatihan Public Speaking dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Virtual Reality (VR) yang berbasis android.VR sendiri merupakan teknologi yang memungkinkan penggunannya untuk melakukan simulasi di dunia maya secara berkelanjutan tanpa mengeluarkan biaya yang banyak. Hal ini dikarenakan VR mampu mensimulasikan lingkungan virtual dengan baik, yang tentunya akan membuat penggunanya merasa seperti di lingkungan nyata. Dalam aplikasi ini sendiri menyediakan lingkungan virtual yang bisa digunakan pengguna untuk melakukan simulasi Public Speaking, dalam menentukan tingkat keberhasilan aplikasi, maka digunakanlah sistem penilaian yang akan mengukur tingkat keberhasilan aplikasi dalam membantu melatih pengguna melakukan Public Speaking.  Terdapat 4 (empat) faktor sebagai acuan penilaian aplikasi yaitu: Control Factors, Sensory Factors, Distraction Factors, Realism Factors. Dalam hasil pengujian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil bahwa aplikasi mampu membantu pengguna melakukan simulasi Public Speaking.ABSTRACT Public Speaking is an activity where the speaker or presenter will present an oration to the audience directly. Public Speaking has a function as a medium to inform the audience, invite or persuade audiences to perform, to believe in something the speaker wants and to entertain the audience. Public Speaking activities in the society have an important role because it can increase someone courage to speak in public, in addition Public Speaking can increase someone sense of leadership. However, in practice many people are still feeling nervous, unprepared, not even daring to do Public Speaking. The reason that underlies the creation of simulation applications Public Speaking training by utilizing technology Virtual Reality (VR) based on android.VR itself is a technology that allows it’s users to perform simulations in virtual environment on a sustainable basis without spending a lot money. This is because the VR is able to simulate a virtual environment really well, which of course will make users feel like in the real environment. In this application it’s provides a virtual environment that can be used by users to perform Public Speaking simulations, in determining the success rate of the application, then used a scoring system that will measure the success rate of the application in helping train users perform Public Speaking. There are 4 (four) factors as the appraisal that is: Control Factors, Sensory Factors, Distraction Factors, Realism Factors. In the results of test, application itself obtain the results that it is able to help users to simulate Public Speaking. 

scholarly journals A Study of Perceptual Performance in Haptic Virtual Environments

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia K. O’Malley ◽  
◽  
Gina Upperman
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Haptic Interface ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Size Discrimination ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Surface Stiffness

The performance levels of human subjects in size identification and size discrimination experiments in both real and virtual environments are presented. The virtual environments are displayed with a PHANToM desktop three degree-of-freedom haptic interface. Results indicate that performance of the size identification and size discrimination tasks in the virtual environment is comparable to that in the real environment, implying that the haptic device does a good job of simulating reality for these tasks. Additionally, performance in the virtual environment was measured at below maximum machine performance levels for two machine parameters. The tabulated scores for the perception tasks in a sub-optimal virtual environment were found to be comparable to that in the real environment, supporting previous claims that haptic interface hardware may be able to convey, for these perceptual tasks, sufficient perceptual information to the user with relatively low levels of machine quality in terms of the following parameters: maximum endpoint force and maximum virtual surface stiffness. Results are comparable to those found for similar experiments conducted with other haptic interface hardware, further supporting this claim. Finally, it was found that varying maximum output force and virtual surface stiffness simultaneously does not have a compounding effect that significantly affects performance for size discrimination tasks.

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