scholarly journals Comparing the risk of falls between rural and urban elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33449
Author(s):  
Guilherme Tavares de Arruda ◽  
Cyntia Scher Strelow ◽  
Áureo Júnior Weschenfelder ◽  
Michele Adriane Froelich ◽  
Hedioneia Maria Foletto Pivetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Of Falls

 The aim of this study was to compare the risk of falls and characterize them in the urban and rural elderly. Observational study with elderly from urban and rural areas in the interior of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, evaluated by the Fall Risk Score and further criteria for the evaluation and characterization of the last fall within 12 months. A total of 125 elderly, 89 urban and 36 rural was evaluated. There was a high prevalence of medication use (93.6%), impaired vision (35.2%) and previous falls (81.6%) in the total sample of individuals as well as the risk of falls (76.8%) without differences between the groups. The variables of statistical significance were impaired hearing (p = 0.009) and impairment of the lower limbs (p = 0.04). Both the elderly living in rural areas and in urban areas showed high risk for falls in the group studied, with no significant difference between them. Thus, it is worth highlighting the importance of making a health work for guidance on falls. 

ESTABLISHING THE WELL-BEING OF THE RURAL-URBAN ELDERLY POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAIDATULAKMAL MOHD ◽  
AZLINDA AZMAN ◽  
JAMALLUDIN SULAIMAN ◽  
ISMAIL BABA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference

This study determines and compares the influence of various demographic factors in achieving well-being of the elderly population in the rural and urban areas in Indonesia. Age, marital status, social class, perceived health and economic condition are some of the main contributing factors in measuring well-being. In addition, social aspects such as living and familial arrangement were also investigated to establish elderly population well being. Data were collected using a survey-interview method. A total of 157 elderly in the urban areas and 145 elderly in the rural areas were surveyed. A causal model of well-being was employed to analyse the data obtained. The model of well-being was then tested using path analysis to test the causal relationships among the variables. Although the study indicated that there was no significant difference of well-being between the rural and urban elderly, the social support variables generally help improve the well-being of the elderly population.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT DEPRESI ANTARA LANSIA DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tunjung Sri Yulianti ◽  
Anggit Ike Prascika
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Village

AbstractElderly will fail maintaining a balance of physiological conditions, thereby increasingvulnerability to depression. Factors that influence is the socio-economic changes, socialvalues, awareness among individuals and others. More urban environment isindividualistic and socioeconomic pressures are higher, while rural areas have theeducational background lower. The results showed not a few elderly people who returnedto the village because they felt pressured by the situation in the city, the elderly should bealone in the house and no neighbors who could be invited to communicate, so it isdifficult to be happy. But there are also elderly who live in the village reveal feelingdepressed and showed signs of depression. Purpose of the study to determine the levelof depression in the elderly in urban, rural and differences in the level of depressionamong the elderly who live in rural and urban areas.Subjects were elderly who live in the village of Palur Sukoharjo and Kampung SewuSurakarta. Methods of analytical study comparative research design. Measuringinstrument used is the Geriatric Depression Scale. Test data normality using theKolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Statistical test with independent t test.The results of the study obtained significancy value of t-test (two-tailed) 0.001.Conclusion of research is significant difference in rates of depression among the elderlyin urban and rural areas, the elderly in urban areas have higher levels of depression thanelderly people in rural areasKeywords: Elderly Depression Level, Rural, Urban

scholarly journals Does Social Support Affect the Health of the Elderly in Rural China? A Meta-Analysis Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natuya Zhuori ◽  
Yu Cai ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yu Cui ◽  
Minjuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Impact

As the trend of aging in rural China has intensified, research on the factors affecting the health of the elderly in rural areas has become a hot issue. However, the conclusions of existing studies are inconsistent and even contradictory, making it difficult to form constructive policies with practical value. To explore the reasons for the inconsistent conclusions drawn by relevant research, in this paper we constructed a meta-regression database based on 65 pieces of relevant literature published in the past 25 years. For more valid samples to reduce publication bias, we also set the statistical significance of social support to the health of the elderly in rural areas as a dependent variable. Finally, combined with multi-dimensional social support and its implications for the health of the elderly, meta-regression analysis was carried out on the results of 171 empirical studies. The results show that (1) subjective support rather than objective support can have a significant impact on the health of the elderly in rural areas, and there is no significant difference between other dimensions of social support and objective support; (2) the health status of the elderly in rural areas in samples involving western regions is more sensitive to social support than that in samples not involving the western regions; (3) among the elderly in rural areas, social support for the older male elderly is more likely to improve their health than that for the younger female elderly; and (4) besides this, both data sources and econometric models greatly affect the heterogeneity of the effect of social support on the health of the elderly in rural areas, but neither the published year nor the journal is significant. Finally, relevant policies and follow-up studies on the impact of social support on the health of the elderly in rural areas are discussed.

Rural and Urban Suicide in South Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Ben Park ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Rural And Urban

Suicide rates in 2005 in South Korea were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Those in rural areas more often used pesticides and chemicals as a method for suicide, and there was a greater proportion of men and the elderly, both groups at higher risk for suicide in South Korea. These three factors may account for the high rural suicide rate in South Korea.

scholarly journals Measurement and Decomposition of Consumption Inequality in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Pravat Uprety
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Measures Of Inequality

This study aims at computing, comparing and decomposing the different inequality indices by rural and urban areas, sex of household head and ecological belt, so that policy maker can make the policy to reduce the inequality in Nepal. This study is based on the raw data taken from the 3rd Nepal Living Standard Survey-2011 conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). The study has used real consumption as the main variable to measure the inequality. In most of the cases five measures of inequality; Coefficient of variation (CV), Quantile Ratio Index, Gini Index, Generalised Entropy Index with parameter 0 and 1 were computed. The Gini index, Theil’s L and Theil’s T indices are 0.328, 0.175 and 0.194, respectively. The study has found no significant difference in inequality between male- and female-headed households; and the inequality in urban areas is higher than that in the rural areas. By ecological belts, the inequality is highest in hills and lowest in mountains. The country should place focus on urban areas and hilly belt to reduce inequality.

scholarly journals FENOMENA NOMOPHOBIA PADA ANAK USIA DINI BERDASARKAN TIPOLOGI WILAYAH DAN HUBUNGANNYA TERHADAP PERILAKU PROSOSIAL DAN ANTISOSIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Dian Novita ◽  
Kenty Martiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
T Test ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi fenomena nomophobia pada anak usia dini di wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan, menganalisis perbedaan perilaku nomophobia dan perilaku sosial antara kedua wilayah, serta menganalisis hubungan perilaku nomophobia terhadap perilaku sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua wilayah yaitu di Kabupaten Kuningan (representatif wilayah perdesaan) dan Kota Depok (representatif wilayah perkotaan) dengan responden masing-masing sebanyak 50 orang, sehingga total responden adalah 100 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan dari penelitian ini adalah perilaku nomophobia yang menggunakan instrumen NMP-Q (Yildirim,2015) dan perilaku sosial diukur berdasarkan dimensi yang dikembangkan oleh Hurlock (1978) yang terdiri atas perilaku prososial dan antisosial. Melalui uji independent sample t-test, hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada perilaku nomophobia antara wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan. Skor rata-rata perilaku nomophobia di perdesaan adalah 35,61 sedangkan di perkotaan adalah 35,72 yang termasuk kategori rendah. Perilaku sosial di kedua wilayah sebagian besar menunjukkan kategori tinggi (64%) dan tidak ada perbedaan perilaku sosial secara umum baik di perdesaan maupun perkotaan. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara perilaku nomophobia dan perilaku sosial namun koefisien korelasi negatif yaitu -0,085 menjadi indikasi bahwa semakin tinggi perilaku nomophobia maka akan semakin rendah perilaku sosial anak usia dini. Hal ini perlu mendapat perhatian bersama, mengingat dampak buruk yang dapat ditimbulkan dari adanya fenomena nomophobia terutama pada anak usia dini. Kata Kunci: anak usia dini, nomophobia, perilaku sosial   Nomophobia Phenomenons in Early Childhood based on Regional Typology and       Its Relationship to Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors Abstract This study aims to identify the phenomenon of nomophobia in early childhood in rural and urban areas, to analyze differences in nomophobic behavior and social behavior between the two regions and to analyze the relationship between nomophobic behavior and social behavior. This research was conducted in two areas, namely Kuningan District (rural area representative) and Depok City (urban area representative) with 50 respondents each, so that the total number of respondents was 100 people. The data collected from this study were nomophobic behavior using the NMP-Q instrument (Yildirim, 2015) and social behavior was measured based on the dimensions developed by Hurlock (1978) which consisted of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Through the independent samples t-test, it was found that the results of the study showed no significant difference in nomophobic behavior between rural and urban areas. The average score of nomophobic behavior in rural areas is 35,61, while in urban areas it is 35,72 which is in the low category. Most of the social behavior in the two regions shows the high category (64%) and there is no difference in social behavior in general, both in rural and urban areas. The results of the correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between nomophobic behavior and social behavior, but the negative correlation coefficient, namely -0,085, is an indication that the higher the nomophobic behavior, the lower the social behavior of early childhood. This needs mutual attention, considering the bad effects that can be caused by the phenomenon of nomophobia, especially in early childhood. Keywords : early childhood, nomophobia, social behavior

scholarly journals Estimating Long-Term Care Costs among Thai Elderly: A Phichit Province Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattaraporn Khongboon ◽  
Sathirakorn Pongpanich
Keyword(s):  
Informal Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background. Rural-urban inequality in long-term care (LTC) services has been increasing alongside rapid socioeconomic development. This study estimates the average spending on LTC services and identifies the factors that influence the use and cost of LTC for the elderly living in urban and rural areas of Thailand. Methods. The sample comprised 837 elderly aged 60 years drawn from rural and urban areas in Phichit Province. Costs were assessed over a 1-month period. Direct costs of caregiving and indirect costs (opportunity cost method) were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine which factors affected LTC costs. Results. The total annual LTC spending for rural and urban residents was on average USD 7,285 and USD 7,280.6, respectively. Formal care and informal care comprise the largest share of payments. There was a significant association between rural residents and costs for informal care, day/night care, and home renovation. Conclusions. Even though total LTC expenditures do not seem to vary significantly across rural and urban areas, the fundamental differences between areas need to be recognized. Reorganizing country delivery systems and finding a balance between formal and informal care are alternative solutions.

scholarly journals Health status of the rural population in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bem ◽  
Paulina Ucieklak-Jeż
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Central Statistical

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the health of the elderly, living in rural areas of Poland. The analysis based on a survey “The health status of the Polish population” carried out by the Central Statistical Office (GUS). In order to assess the differences in the health status of the villagers and townsfolk’s we have examined the share of older people living in rural and urban areas in the structure of the whole population. We have also identified the measures of the health status. We have calculated, using the Sullivan method, the value of Healthy Life Expectancy, Disability Free Life Expectancy,.Chronic Disease Life for the Polish rural and urban elderly population. The study has shown, the villagers live shorter in good health (without disability and chronic diseases). Presented study allows to formulate the desirable directions of changes to improve the health status of rural population. This should lead to more effective health care in rural areas.

scholarly journals Unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living among elderly in rural and urban areas in Kwara State Central Senatorial District, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Mojirola Martina Fasiku ◽  
Kabir Adekunle Durowade ◽  
Matthew Olumuyiwa Bojuwoye ◽  
Abdullahi Ahmed ◽  
Medinat Omobola Osinubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Objective: The elderly usually require assistance and sometimes have unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. This study assessed the unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living among the elderly in rural and urban areas in Kwara Central Senatorial District, Nigeria.  Methods:  Cross-sectional data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires from 300 elderly using the multistage sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20 was used to analyze data, and the level of significance was predetermined at a p-value less than 0.05.  Results: Overall, 60% of the elderly in the urban than rural group (46%) had unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. The prevalence of unmet needs for assistance with basic activities of daily living in the rural areas ranged from 0.0% (eating) to 70.8 % (bathing) and 0.0% (eating) to 68.8 % (transferring) in the urban areas. The prevalence of unmet needs for instrumental activities of daily living ranged from 16.7% (handling finances) to 59.3 % (cooking) for those in the rural areas. However, the range was from 33.3% (transportation) to 75.0% (taking medications) in the urban areas. The urban respondents had higher unmet needs for assistance with telephone use than rural respondents. (p=0.004*).  Conclusion: The elderly in the urban areas had a higher prevalence of unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. The government must address the needs of the elderly through a policy to prevent unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living.

scholarly journals Returns to Education in Rural and Urban China: An Empirical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Hao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Returns To Education ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
National Level ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rate Of Returns

This paper focuses on the returns to education in China, and it aims to determine the returns rate difference between those in the rural and urban areas. Mincer’s model has been used as the base for the returns rate calculation. OLS has been chosen as the estimator for the regression analysis. The data set selected for analyzing was CHIP 2013, which is one of the latest national level education and income surveys conducted in China. The empirical analysis results showed that the rate of returns to education for the general samples was 13.9%. This, therefore, was higher than the rate (around 10%) in 2000-2010 in China. Meanwhile, the significant difference between rural (3.7%) and urban (25.6%) areas has been detected. The gender equality testing showed that in rural areas, the rate of returns to education for females (9.1%) was much higher than males (2.5%). The results provided an overview of the current situation regarding the educational investment in China. It also pointed out the income and educational inequality between rural-urban and male-female.

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