Toxicity of As on Soil Neutral Phosphatase

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1195-1199
Author(s):  
Xin Ke ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Yun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Lower Organism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soil Phosphatase

Toxicity of As on soil neutral phosphatase was studied through a series indoor incubation experiments. Results showed that the activity of soil neutral phosphatase was significantly inhibited by As pollution, and the peak inhibiting ratio was appeared at the sixth incubation day. While the activity of soil neutral phosphatase was also decreased with concentration of As increasing in the same incubation day. The relationship between the concentration of as and soil neutral phosphatase was fit by model ①y=c/(1+bx)and ②y=c(1+ax)(1+bx).The model② was more suitable to describe the relationship between the concentration of As and soil enzyme. This means the effect mechanism of As on the soil neutral phosphatase was part of inhibition. The Km of neutral phosphatase was increase by As concentration adding, while the Vmax was lowered. This kind of inhibition belongs to mix competition inhibition. Phosphatase widely exists in the biological world, from lower organism Escherichia coli, yeast to higher animals and plant tissues, body fluid and human liver, prostate gland are found to have phosphatase exist. It can catalyze the phosphate hydrolysis of elemental and inorganic phosphate release, important enzymes of biological phosphorus metabolism [1-2]. Soil phosphatase is an enzyme that has a major impact on agricultural production, producing an important role in the cycle of soil phosphorus. Research show that phosphatase in soil and aquatic systems of phosphorus, organic phosphorus pesticide contaminated soil bioremediation is very important, so it can be used as material for ecosystem beneficial or deleterious effects of indicator. Therefore, some can be as the instructions of the beneficial or harmful effects of ecosystem biology. Arsenic is widespread nature of toxic heavy metals often pollute the environment with the waste material, pesticides, fertilizers and other. According to the statistics in early 1990s, each year around the world due to human activities the importation of soil arsenic content of 0.52-1.2 million tons, its impact on soil ecosystem is one of the important topics. This experiment which proposed indoor simulation method analysis different concentrations of arsenic contaminated soils of neutral phosphatase activity, to explore the effects of different concentrations of arsenic on soil phosphatase activity of short-term toxicity effect. Analysis of the influence degree and duration, further analysis between the two possible mechanism, provides the basis for environmental protection and monitoring.

scholarly journals Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Mahrous Awad ◽  
Zhongzhen Liu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

The Relationship of Prostate Gland Volume to Extended Needle Biopsy on Prostate Cancer Detection

2003 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN O. UNG ◽  
IGNACIO F. SAN FRANCISCO ◽  
MEREDITH M. REGAN ◽  
WILLIAM C. DeWOLF ◽  
ARIA F. OLUMI
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Prostate Cancer Detection ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Heavy metal composition of maize and tomato grown on contaminated soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-426
Author(s):  
A.O. Adekiya ◽  
A.P. Oloruntoba ◽  
S.O. Ojeniyi ◽  
B.S. Ewulo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

Abstract The study investigated the level of heavy metal contamination in plants {maize (Zea mays) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)} from thirty soil samples of three locations (Epe, Igun and Ijana) in the Ilesha gold mining area, Osun State, Nigeria. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Spatial variations were observed for all metals across the locations which was adduced to pH and the clay contents of the soils of each location. The results showed that heavy metals are more concentrated in the areas that are closer to the mining site and the concentrations in soil and plants (maize and tomato) decreased with increasing perpendicular distance from the mining site, indicating that the gold mine was the main sources of pollution. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in plants (tomato and maize) samples were considered to be contaminated as As, Cd and Pb respectively ranged from 0.6 - 2.04 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 5.2 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 3.04 mg kg-1 for tomato and respectively 0.60 - 2.00 mg kg-1, 1.50 - 4.60 mg kg-1 and 0.90 - 2.50 mg kg-1 for maize. These levels exceeded the maximum permissible limits set by FAO/WHO for vegetables. In conclusion, monitoring of crops for toxic heavy metals is essential for food safety in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Soil Bioremediation: Overview of Technologies and Trends

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4664
Author(s):  
Israel Gonçalves Sales da Silva ◽  
Fabíola Carolina Gomes de Almeida ◽  
Nathália Maria Padilha da Rocha e Silva ◽  
Alessandro Alberto Casazza ◽  
Attilio Converti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Application Of Surfactants ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Extent Of Damage

Petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and agricultural pesticides have mutagenic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic and teratogenic effects and cause drastic changes in soil physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, thereby representing a serious danger to health and environment. Therefore, soil pollution urgently requires the application of a series of physicochemical and biological techniques and treatments to minimize the extent of damage. Among them, bioremediation has been shown to be an alternative that can offer an economically viable way to restore polluted areas. Due to the difficulty in choosing the best bioremediation technique for each type of pollutant and the paucity of literature on soil bioremediation enhanced by the use of specific additives, we reviewed the main in situ and ex situ methods, their current properties and applications. The first section discusses the characteristics of each class of pollutants in detail, while the second section presents current bioremediation technologies and their main uses, followed by a comparative analysis showing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we address the application of surfactants and biosurfactants as well as the main trends in the bioremediation of contaminated soils.

EFFECTS OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-3β,17β-DIOL AND 5β-DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE ON ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN THE PROSTATE GLAND OF THE CASTRATED ADULT RAT

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. TENNISWOOD ◽  
PAMELA P. ABRAHAMS ◽  
C. E. BIRD ◽  
A. F. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Secretory Acid Phosphatase

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of filtrates from adult rat prostatic tissue showed two bands of acid phosphatase activity. These corresponded to the lysosomal and secretory acid phosphatases. After castration the secretory acid phosphatase disappeared. The specific activity of the enzyme increased from the time of castration to a maximum on day 7 before declining steadily, while the percentage inhibition by tartrate of acid phosphatase increased from control levels to a maximum on day 7 and then decreased to a new steady state by day 15. When 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol was administered i.p. at a dose of 2 mg/day, starting immediately after castration, the secretory acid phosphatase was retained but the percentage inhibition and the specific activity were both raised above control levels. When this steroid was administered daily starting 7 days after castration the secretory acid phosphatase band on the gels returned more rapidly than with the classical androgens, but the percentage inhibition and specific activity were once again raised. Intraperitoneal administration of 5β-dihydrotestosterone, at a dose of 2 mg/day, did not maintain the secretory acid phosphatase activity which disappeared by day 5. However, the specific activity of acid phosphatase and the percentage inhibition by tartrate were both raised throughout the experiment. If this steroid was given 7 days after castration, the percentage inhibition by tartrate did not respond and fell to the level seen in castrated rats. The specific activity, however, remained significantly above the level found in castrated control rats.

Modeling of soil phosphatase activity in land use ecosystems and topsoil layers in the Brazilian Cerrado

2018 ◽  
Vol 385 ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos V.M. Leite ◽  
Lenka Bobuľská ◽  
Suéllen P. Espíndola ◽  
Maria R.C. Campos ◽  
Lucas C.B. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Soil Phosphatase

scholarly journals Correlation Between Transabdominal Sonographically Measured Prostate Volume with Anthropometric Factor in Normal Healthy Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Monowara ◽  
Akhter Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Abu Saleh Mohiuddin ◽  
Mohammad Abu Taher ◽  
Zinat Nasrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prostatic Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anthropometric Factor

To investigate the relationship between total prostate volume with anthropometric factor like age, height, weight and BMI. This can be useful in assessing the normality of prostate gland.Method: In 42 normal healthy subjects the length, anteroposterior and transverse diameters of prostate gland were measured & prostate volumes were calculated by using prolate ellipse formula. Age, height, weight of the subjects were recorded and body mass index calculated accordingly.Result: Correlation co-efficient or r test was used to find out the relationship between the variables. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Total prostatic volume correlation coefficient with age, weight and BMI were 0.907, 0.883 and 0.352 (p<0.001) respectively, but no significant correlation (r=0.133; p>0.05) was found between prostatic volume and height.Conclusion: Total prostate volume has a strong significant linear relationship & age, weight & BMI. But height does not correlate significantly with total prostate volume. Thus anthropometric factors like age, weight, BMI can therefore be used to predict prostate volume prior to ultrasound. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v2i1.12359 Birdem Med J 2012; 2(1) 29-32

scholarly journals The use of vinasse as an amendment to ex-situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with diesel oil

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Mariano ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Labile Carbon

This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in ex-situ bioremediation processes. Groundwater and soil samples were collected at petrol stations. The soil bioremediation was simulated in Bartha biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production, during 48 days, where vinasse was added at a concentration of 33 mL.Kg-1of soil. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. The groundwater bioremediation was carried out in laboratory experiments simulating aerated (bioreactors) and not aerated (BOD flasks) conditions. In both the cases, the concentration of vinasse was 5 % (v/v) and different physicochemical parameters were evaluated during 20 days. Although an increase in the soil fertility and microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils. The addition of the vinasse in the contaminated groundwaters had negative effects on the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons, since vinasse, as a labile carbon source, was preferentially consumed.

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