Histomorphometric Analysis: Effects of Simvastatin on Bone Mass, Microarchitecture and Turnover in Normal Rat

2013 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Fa Ming Tian ◽  
Liu Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Da Cheng Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Histomorphometry ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors

Simvastatin, as one of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors for lowering lipids, has been demonstrated its potential benefit in bone formation, which was, however, conflicting and inconclusive in vivo studies. Thus, we performed this study to assess the in vivo effects of simvastatin on bone formation. Six-week old rats were administered with simvastatin (20 mg/kg/d) or vehicle for 6 or 9 weeks. All animals were sacrificed one day after the final administration. The left femora were removed for the measurement of bone histomorphometry and bone mineral density (BMD).Compared to the control groups, on both 6th week and 9th week, bone mineral density and bone histomorphometry detected no significant differences in bone mass and microarchitecture in simvastatin treatment group, as well as bone formatin/resorption parameters. These results indicate that simvastatin had no positive effect or impact on bone in rats administered with high dose simvastatin (20 mg/kg/d) for 6 or 9 weeks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and indicators of bone turnover in patients with hemophilia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Dagli ◽  
Ali Kutlucan ◽  
Sedat Abusoglu ◽  
Abdulkadir Basturk ◽  
Mehmet Sozen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

A decrease in bone mass is observed in hemophilic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and a bone formation and resorption marker, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and urinary N-terminal telopeptide (uNTX) respectively, in hemophilic patients and healthy controls. Laboratory parameters related to the pathogenesis of bone loss such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also evaluated. Thirty-five men over 18 years of age, with severe hemophilia (A and B) and receiving secondary prophylaxis, were included in the study. The same number of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were determined in both groups. No significant difference in anthropometric parameters was found between the two groups. The BMD was low in 34% of hemophilic patients. Vitamin D, calcium, and free testosterone levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively), while PTH, PINP, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels were significantly higher (p < 0.014, p = 0.043, p < 0.001, respectively), in hemophilic patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in NLR, PLR, phosphorus, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and uNTX level. The reduction of bone mass in hemophilic patients may be evaluated using the markers of bone formation and resorption, enabling early detection and timely treatment.

Effects of long-term diabetes and/or high-dose 17β-estradiol on bone formation, bone mineral density, and strenght in ovariectomized rats

Bone ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Verhaeghe ◽  
G. Oloumi ◽  
E. van Herck ◽  
R. van Bree ◽  
J. Dequeker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Effects of tower climbing exercise on bone mass, strength, and turnover in orchidectomized growing rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 1152-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Notomi ◽  
Yuichi Okazaki ◽  
Nobukazu Okimoto ◽  
Yuri Tanaka ◽  
Toshitaka Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sedentary Group

To determine the effects of a tower climbing exercise on mass, strength, and local turnover of bone, 70 9-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to seven groups: a baseline control and three groups of sham-operated sedentary, orchidectomized (ORX)-sedentary and ORX-exercise rats. Rats voluntarily climbed a 200-cm tower to drink water from a bottle set at the top. At 4 wk, the periosteal bone formation rate (BFR), moment of inertia, bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and bending load at the midfemur were maintained in ORX-exercise rats, whereas these parameters were reduced in ORX-sedentary rats. At 8 wk, the periosteal mineral apposition rate and BFR in ORX-exercise rats were significantly higher, whereas the parameters in ORX-sedentary rats did not differ compared with sham-sedentary rats. In ORX-exercise rats, the trabecular mineralizing surface, BFR, and bone volume of the lumbar vertebrae were maintained at the same levels as those in the sham-sedentary group, whereas the osteoclast surface decreased compared with the ORX-sedentary group. However, the climbing exercise did not affect bone mineral content, bone mineral density, or the compression load of the lumbar vertebrae. These results show that, in the midfemur, the voluntary climbing exercise maintained cortical bone mass and strength by stimulating periosteal bone formation and partially prevented ORX-induced trabecular bone loss, depressing the elevation of turnover. Interestingly, in ORX rats, the climbing exercise had the opposite effect on bone formation at the periosteal femoral cortical bone, where the exercise increased the bone formation compared with vertebral trabecular bone, where the exercise decreased it.

scholarly journals A Novel Peptide, CK2.3, Improved Bone Formation in Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sequeira ◽  
John Nguyen ◽  
Liyun Wang ◽  
Anja Nohe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that has no definite cure. Current treatments for osteoporosis are divided into two categories: anti-resorptive and anabolic. However, these treatments are not perfect and have considerable risks. In addition, bone quality often declines over time with these treatments. We designed a peptide, CK2.3, that has both anabolic and anti-resorptive effects on bone. We reported that CK2.3 induced osteoblastic mineralization, promoted bone formation, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis in vivo. The effect of CK2.3 to rescue an osteoporosis phenotype model has never been shown. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of CK2.3 in ovariectomized rats, a standard model of osteoporosis. We systemically injected CK2.3 at 2.3 µg/kg each day for five consecutive days. Micro-computed tomography indicated that CK2.3 increased bone mineral density, (bone volume/tissue volume) BV/TV and (trabecular number) TbN, and decreased (trabecular space) TbSp in the femoral head. Similarly, single photon absorptiometry showed that treatment with CK2.3 increased bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and the pelvis. Additionally, we observed increased femoral shaft stiffness with ovariectomized rats treated with CK2.3. We also detected no significant changes in the weight of organs such as the heart, lung, liver, kidney, and spleen. An advantage of CK2.3 over current treatments was that it not only promoted bone formation but also improved fracture resistance. In conclusion, we demonstrated CK2.3 as a new anabolic treatment for osteoporosis.

Change in bone mineral density with high-dose prednisone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Rasch ◽  
Tuyl Lilian van ◽  
Martijn Kremer ◽  
Irene Bultink ◽  
Maarten Boers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Dose Prednisone

scholarly journals The Association between Bone Mineral Density and Periodontal Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3321
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hua Chou ◽  
Sao-Lun Lu ◽  
Sen-Te Wang ◽  
Ting-Hsuan Huang ◽  
Sam Li-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Past History ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Periodontal Index

The association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease (PD) has been revealed by previous studies, but there have been few studies on the association in younger adults. We enrolled a total of 7298 adults aged 40 to 44 who underwent PD screening between 2003 and 2008. Data on quantitative ultrasound for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) were collected for the diagnostic criteria of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was measured for defining PD. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of low bone mass on the risk of PD. Of 7298 enrollees, 31% had periodontal pockets >3 mm, 36.2% had osteopenia, and 2.1% had osteoporosis. The 39.8% of PD prevalence was high in adults with osteoporosis, followed by 33.3% in osteopenia. A negative association was found between BMD and CPI value (p < 0.0001). Low bone mass was associated with the risk of PD (adjusted OR: 1.13; 95% CI:1.02–1.26) after adjusting the confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, overweight, smoking status, past history of osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. An association between BMD and PD among young adults was found. An intervention program for the prevention of PD and osteoporosis could be considered starting in young adults.

The Effect of Hormonal Oral Contraception on Acquisition of Peak Bone Mineral Density of Adolescents and Young Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ziglar ◽  
Tracy S. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Peak Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass Accrual

Maximizing bone mass in youth is touted as the best strategy to offset the natural losses of aging and the menopausal transition. Not achieving maximum peak bone mineral density (BMD) is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis and thus a public health concern. Adolescence is a critical time of bone mineralization mediated by endogenous estradiol. Research has shown that the highest velocity of bone mass accrual occurs 1 year before menarche and after the first 3 years. Low-peak attainment of BMD in young women is associated with contributing factors such as diets low in calcium, eating disorders, lack of exercise, smoking, and low estrogen states. Oral contraceptives (OCs) suppress endogenous estradiol production by suppressing the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Thus, OCs, by replacing endogenous estradiol with ethinyl estradiol (EE), establish and maintain new hormone levels. The early initiation and the use of very low dose of EE raises the possibility that bone mass accrual at a critical time of bone mineralization in young women or adolescents may be jeopardized. This review examines the studies of BMD in adolescents and young women that use combination hormonal contraception. Some studies had inherent limitations, such as small trial, poor control of confounders, failure to exclude women with prior use of hormonal contraceptives, or prior pregnancy from control groups. The vast majority of reviewed studies showed OCs containing 20 to 30 µg of EE interfere with acquisition of peak BMD. Limited numbers of studies examine the effects of OCs containing 35 µg on adolescents and young adults. Additionally, studies are needed evaluating the progestin component of OCs as their differing androgenic properties may affect bone mineralization as well.

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