Study on the Water Treatment Properties of the Porous Ceramic Filter Balls Synthesized with Industrial Solid Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 683-687
Author(s):  
Yong Jiang Di ◽  
Bi Jia ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiao Hong Xu ◽  
Jian Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Ceramic Ball ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Filter Materials

The porous ceramic filter balls were synthesized with industrial solid waste by ceramic process. The removal efficiency, filtration velocity and turbidity for the water treatment properties of the porous ceramic ball filter materials was studied comparing with that of the quartz sand filter materials. The test result shown that the decontamination efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was 5% to 10% high than that of the quartz sand filter. When the water turbidity fluctuated with magnitude about 50%, the changes of final water turbidity was in the range of 5% to 8% through the porous ceramic ball filter. The energy saving efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was very significant for the porous ceramic ball filter effectively extend the filtration cycle life.

scholarly journals Turbidity removal by rapid sand filter using anthracite coal as capping media

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Gopal Tamakhu ◽  
Iswar Man Amatya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Anthracite Coal

Rapid sand filters are very common in all conventional water treatment plants. Capping of existing rapid sand filters can be the promising method of improving the performance of rapid sand filters. Capping is process in which upper sand bed layer of few cm is replaced with capping material. However, this technique is limited in India due to unavailability of filter materials apart from sand. Some materials suitable for capping are anthracite coal, PVC granules, bituminous coal, broken bricks, etc. The attempt is made to study the effect of capping of Rapid sand filters by the use of anthracite coal as a capping media by pilot scale study. A series of test runs and experiments using different influent turbidity were tried. The pilot scale study has shown very encouraging results. Comparative analysis shows that higher rate of filtration is possible along with higher filter run and less backwash requirement. In the present work, conventional rapid sand filter and capped rapid sand filter are compared.

scholarly journals Soil-cement blocks: a sustainable alternative for the reuse of industrial solid waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-686
Author(s):  
Tulane Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Daiane Cecchin ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez De Azevedo ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Izabella Christynne Ribeiro Pinto Valadão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Cement

This study aimed to analyze potential industrial solid waste that can be added to soil-cement blocks. A narrative literature review was conducted in the Scopus academic database, using as the search criteria keywords related to the topic, such as soil-cement, building materials, soil-cement blocks, soil-cement bricks, physical and mechanical properties, solid waste, life cycle analysis, and civil construction. A variety of industrial solid waste that can be incorporated into soil-cement blocks was observed, such as waste rock, sludge from water treatment plants, wood sawdust, polyethylene terephthalate fibers (PET), vegetable fibers from loofah, hemp fibers, rice husks, brachiaria grass, poultry eggshells, sugar cane bagasse, wheat and barley straw, welding slag, foundry sand, waste from quartzite mining, construction, and demolition, mechanical turning, pulp industry grains, and steel mill co-products. Among the investigated wastes, those that improved the physical and mechanical properties of the soil-cement blocks were grains from the cellulose industry, rice husks, Brachiaria grass, steel by-products with granulated soil-cement blocks and blast furnace slag. The waste that produced no satisfactory results was sludge from a water treatment plant, sugarcane bagasse, and vegetable loofah. Through this research, it was possible to verify that the behavior of soil-cement blocks is influenced by several factors in their manufacture, mainly regarding the type and percentage of incorporated waste. However, it is important to be concerned with its application in waste blocks so as not to increase the environmental impacts in the long term.

Prediction for Algae Removal Efficiencies of Porous Ceramic Filter on Ballast Water Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
Man Xia Zhang ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Cheng Yu Yuan ◽  
Yi Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Algae Removal ◽  
Ballast Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

In light of urgent requirement of onboard ballast water treatment, this paper presents a laboratory study of an application of a novel wall-flow structure porous ceramic filter (PCF), with employment of UV light. It has been found that, for onboard treatment, the operational conditions may significantly affect the filter performance. To obtain optimal operational conditions and high filtration efficiencies on plankton, PCF was studied systematically though computational prediction and mathematical analysis. According to the strict criteria of International Maritime Organization (IMO) on ballast water treatment, high density of indicator algae were mixed into simulated ballast water as processing targets, and nearly 100% removal efficiencies are expected. Flow rate, algal density and algal size were chosen as three key operational conditions, was investigated on a 6L PCF. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the significance of the three factors on the response values of algae removal efficiencies.

Removal of microbes to World Health Organization requirements using a locally developed, low cost, micro-porous, ceramic water filter

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Simonis ◽  
A. K. Basson ◽  
T. Selepe
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocyst ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Infective Dose ◽  
Health Organization

The quality of drinking water can no longer be taken for granted and has been the subject of tremendous attention from pressure groups and the media due to poor service delivery in South Africa. Furthermore, many of the older water treatment plants are incapable of effectively reducing microbes to safe levels. Unfortunately there are various definitions of ‘safe’. The South African government considers 10 or less viable Cryptosporidium oocysts an infective dose, while the USA and UK governments believe that one viable Cryptosporidium oocyst is an infective dose. To add to the confusion the World Health Organization recommends above 99.99% microbial reduction as safe. In Africa it really depends on how compromised your immune system is and age and nutritional level at the time of consumption of contaminated water. How can anyone protect themselves from consuming water contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms? The ceramic filter offers the poor a simple, effective and economical way of producing potable water. We report on the successful testing of a low-cost, locally produced ceramic filter (OUTBAC) with removal efficiencies in excess of 99.99% that therefore meets the World Health Organization household water treatment system criterion for safe water for a family of five at an affordable cost per year.

Application of Porous Ceramic Filtration on Ballast Water Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1505-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Xia Zhang ◽  
Xiao Jia Tang ◽  
Yi Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Ballast Water Treatment ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Ceramic Filtration

Ballast water has been detected to be a great threat to marine ecosystem and human beings for threatens from biological invasion. Filtration is a kind of optimising primary method in ballast water treatment. However, so far no suitable filter has been applied considering effectiveness, economy, and resistance. A novel wall-flow structure porous ceramic filter (PCF) was adopted to combine with UV radiation. To evaluate the PCF, three types of indicator algae were filtered at different flow rates and initial alga densities. The results showed that up to 100% removal effciencies can be obtained on alga greater than 10µm and less than 50µm at the pointed alga density. The mechanism behind high removal efficiencies and high velocity were revealed as well.

Prediction and Optimization for Wall-Flow Structure Porous Ceramic Filter on Ballast Water Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Man Xia Zhang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Lei Si Ma ◽  
Mei Na Xie ◽  
Yi Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Ballast Water Treatment ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

In light of urgent requirement of onboard ballast water treatment, a novel wall-flow structure porous ceramic filter (PCF) has been applied with combination of UV light in our laboratory works. According to the strict criteria of International Maritime Organization (IMO) on ballast water treatment, removal efficiencies on indicator planktons should be almost 100% even at high initial densities. However, the treatment efficiencies of PCF may be greatly affected by operational conditions of the system. Hence response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the significance of the operational factors on algal removal efficiencies. Based on our previous works, flow rate, algal density and algal size were considered as three key conditional factors during PCF treatment. These three individual factors and interactive effects between each two facts were studied statistically by Minitab 15. Also, experimental studies were arranged according to full factorial design of a 6L PCF on simulated ballast water treatment at different flow rates, algal densities and algal sizes. By computational prediction and mathematical analysis, the operational conditions were optimized with first order derivation of predicted model. And by doing so, the utmost optimization was estimated to achieve higher performance of PCF system.

Antibacterial silver-diatomite nanocomposite ceramic with low silver release

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-643
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Qi ◽  
Junwei Chen ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Honghui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Ceramic Filters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Silver Release

Abstract There is an urgent need for an effective and long-lasting ceramic filter for point-of-use water treatment. In this study, silver-diatomite nanocomposite ceramic filters were developed by an easy and effective method. The ceramic filters have a three-dimensional interconnected pore structure and porosity of 50.85%. Characterizations of the silver-diatomite nanocomposite ceramic filters were performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Silver nanoparticles were confirmed to be formed in situ in the ceramic filter. The highest silver concentration in water was 0.24 μg/L and 2.1 μg/L in short- and long-term experiments, indicating very low silver-release properties of silver-diatomite nanocomposite ceramic filter. The nanocomposite ceramics show strong bactericidal activity. When contact time with Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of 105 colony forming units (CFU)/mL exceeded 3 h, the bactericidal rates of the four different silver content ceramics against E. coli and S. aureus were all 100%. Strong bactericidal effect against E. coli with initial concentration of 109 CFU/mL were also observed in ceramic newly obtained and ceramic immersed in water for 270 days, demonstrating its high stability. The silver-diatomite nanocomposite ceramic filters could be a promising candidate for point-of-use water treatment.

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