Recycled PP/HDPE Blends: A Thermal Degradation and Mechanical Properties Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 932-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.I.T. Noor Hasanah ◽  
Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera ◽  
A.J.M.S. Lim ◽  
B. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Improved Performance

Plastic waste is a current major environmental concerns leading to long-term hazards. Recycling concept is the best practice to minimise the amount of plastic waste in the environment. This initiative promotes development of sustainable technology. Recently, plastics are gaining more recognition in construction field and are being applied widely due to its improved performance, versatility, durability and lightweight. In this study, the use of recycled polypropylene (rPP) and recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) as an alternative material for construction are investigated. The thermal degradation and mechanical properties were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile testing method respectively. TGA analysis conducted on recycled and virgin PP and HDPE showed that they have a stable composition. Moreover, TGA was also done to compare recycled and virgin material to assess the degradation process with respect to the total weight loss of samples. The results obtained indicate that the composition of rPP gives higher tensile strength. 100% rPP/rHDPE blend gave the best performance in mechanical properties and have a lower degradation temperature which are requirements for the sintering process necessary in this research study, to produce new lightweight product.

scholarly journals Characteristics and mechanical properties changes due to incorporation of aloe vera in polyethylene-based film

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Siti Fatma Abd Karim ◽  
Junaidah Binti Jai ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Abdul Wafi Abdul Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Non-degradable properties of polyethylene (PE) films due to long-chain structure cause increment of solid waste plastic. Many researchers, with different purposes, have studied the incorporation of functional materials to PE. Studying the impact of incorporation of aloe vera (AV) into PE films in terms of its characteristic and mechanical properties is the main objective of this paper. The films were prepared using melt-blending and hot press technique. The characterization assessed for the PE and PE-AV films were spectroscopy, crystalline phase, thermal analysis and performance of mechanical properties of the sample.  The functional group detected in spectroscopy studied did not show any changes for PE film or PE with the presence of AV. Lower thermal degradation temperature (Td) obtained for PE-AV3 while others film found no significant changes of Td value and only one peak of thermal degradation occurred for all film. The same goes to the analysis obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data. However, the crystalline structure displayed momentous peak changes for PE with AV. The highest tensile strength (TS) obtained by PE-AV3, at once developing highest value of Young’s modulus (YM), modulus of resilience (UE) and modulus of toughness (UT). A certain amount of AV has substantial effect on changing the polymeric structure especially improving the mechanical properties of PE film. Therefore, AV has potential to become an additive for developing a new partially degradable PE film.

Thermal stability and mechanical properties of solution mixing–processed co-polyamide–graphene composites at extremely low graphene loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Xiao-Yu Shao ◽  
Le-Ying Wang ◽  
Hai-Feng He ◽  
Guan-Biao Fang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Monolayer Graphene ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Free Graphene ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

To enhance the thermal stability and mechanical properties of co-polyamide (CO-PA), a sequence of nanocomposites based upon CO-PA and shear exfoliation graphene (SEG) were prepared via a simple solution mixing method. The graphene used as nanofiller was fabricated by shear exfoliation in aqueous phase and is free of basal-plane defects. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the graphene fabricated is few-layer graphene rather than solely monolayer graphene. X-ray diffraction and polarizing microscope indicated that SEG layers could change the crystallization behavior of the nanocomposites and conduce to the crystal form transformation. The CO-PA/SEG nanocomposites were found to be of outstanding thermal stability and mechanical properties at extremely a low graphene loading as opposed to neat CO-PA. In detail, at a graphene load of 0.05 wt%, the nanocomposites present 106.5, 56.1, and 33.7% enhancement in tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation at break compared to pristine CO-PA, respectively. Besides, thermal degradation temperatures at 50% weight loss of the nanocomposites is about 19°C higher than that of CO-PA when the SEG content is 0.15 wt%; the thermal degradation temperature at maximum weight loss rate of the nanocomposites is 25°C higher than that of CO-PA when the content of SEG is 0.20 wt%. All these enhancements of the nanocomposites were ascribed to the defect-free graphene, its superior thermal and mechanical properties, and its well exfoliation and dispersion in CO-PA matrix.

scholarly journals Thermal degradation process of polysulfone aramid fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Long Zhu ◽  
Qian-Qian Feng ◽  
Qun Xin ◽  
Yu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Aramid Fiber ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior ◽  
Thermal Degradation Process ◽  
Kinetics Of

Polysulfone aramid fiber is one kind of high temperature fibers. In the paper, thermal degradation behavior and kinetics of polysulfone aramid fiber were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetric at different heating rates under nitrogen and air, respectively. The experimental results show that its initial degradation temperature is 375?C in nitrogen and 410?C in air at heating rate of 10 K/min. When temperature went to 800?C, the fiber loses all mass in air. The mass losses in the stage showed that degradation of polysulfone aramid occurs in two-step process as could be concluded by the presence of two distinct exothermic peaks in differential thermogravimetric curves.

Thermodegradable polycarbonates: Effect of substituents on the degradation temperature

e-Polymers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Martelé ◽  
Veronique Van Speybroeck ◽  
Michel Waroquier ◽  
Etienne Schacht
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Polymer Backbone ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe thermal degradation process of some new polycarbonates is investigated from an experimental and theoretical point of view, in order to obtain insight into the microscopic aspects that influence the reaction mechanism and the process of thermolysis. In particular, attention is focussed on the influence of the type of substituents in the polymer chain on the degradation temperature. A series of novel polycarbonates were designed differing from each other by the groups attached at the α and β carbon atoms. Thermal behavior was characterized by thermogravimetrical analyses. The polymers undergo rapid and complete thermolysis at different degradation temperatures depending on the structure. The degradation products were separated by gas chromatography and analyzed by mass spectroscopy. The ratio of formed dienes in the product distribution depends on the heating rate. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were performed on a series of model compound systems for the polycarbonates under study, in particular carbonate systems differing by the groups attached at the α and β carbons. The study proves that the thermal degradation route can be controlled by tailoring the polymer backbone structure. Moreover, ab initio calculations provide further insight into the microscopic ingredients that govern the degradation process and associated reaction rates.

Bleaching optimization at WestRock mill in Covington, Virginia

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO B. SANTOS ◽  
PETER W. HART ◽  
DOUGLAS C. PRYKE ◽  
JOHN VANDERHEIDE
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Equipment Repair ◽  
Optimization Program ◽  
Hardwood Pulp ◽  
Improved Performance

The WestRock mill in Covington, VA, USA, initiated a long term diagnostic and optimization program for all three of its bleaching lines. Benchmarking studies were used to help identify optimization opportunities. Capital expenditures for mixing improvement, filtrate changes, equipment repair, other equipment changes, and species changes were outside the scope of this work. This focus of this paper is the B line, producing southern hardwood pulp in a D(EP)DD sequence at 88% GE brightness. The benchmarking study and optimization work identified the following opportunities for improved performance: nonoptimal addition of caustic and hydrogen peroxide to the (EP) stage, carryover of D0 filtrate to the (EP) stage, and carryover of (EP) filtrate to the D1 stage. As a result of actions the mill undertook to address these opportunities, D0 kappa factor decreased about 5%, sodium hydroxide consumption in the (EP) stage decreased about 35%, chlorine dioxide consumption in the D1 stage decreased about 25%, and overall bleaching cost decreased about 15%.

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of ultra fine WC-6wt.%Co by Spark Plasma Sintering Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Kuk Park ◽  
Seung-Min Lee ◽  
Hee-Jun Youn ◽  
Ki-Sang Bang ◽  
Ik-Hyun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Opioid crisis in primary care? An audit of high-dose opioid prescribing at Bangholm GP Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711581
Author(s):  
Charlotte Greene ◽  
Alice Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines

BackgroundOpioids are effective analgesics for acute and palliative pain, but there is no evidence base for long-term pain relief. They also carry considerable risks such as overdose and dependence. Despite this, they are increasingly prescribed for chronic pain. In the UK, opioid prescribing more than doubled between 1998 and 2018.AimAn audit at Bangholm GP Practice to understand the scale of high-strength opioid prescribing. The aim of the audit was to find out if indications, length of prescription, discussion, and documentation at initial consultation and review process were consistent with best-practice guidelines.MethodA search on Scottish Therapeutics Utility for patients prescribed an average daily dose of opioid equivalent ≥50 mg morphine between 1 July 2019 and 1 October 2019, excluding methadone, cancer pain, or palliative prescriptions. The Faculty of Pain Medicine’s best-practice guidelines were used.ResultsDemographics: 60 patients (37 females), average age 62, 28% registered with repeat opioid prescription, 38% comorbid depression. Length of prescription: average 6 years, 57% >5 years, 22% >10 years. Opioid: 52% tramadol, 23% on two opioids. Indications: back pain (42%), osteoarthritis (12%), fibromyalgia (10%). Initial consultation: 7% agreed outcomes, 35% follow-up documented. Review: 56% 4-week, 70% past year.ConclusionOpioid prescribing guidelines are not followed. The significant issues are: long-term prescriptions for chronic pain, especially back pain; new patients registering with repeat prescriptions; and no outcomes of treatment agreed, a crucial message is the goal is pain management rather than relief. Changes have been introduced at the practice: a patient information sheet, compulsory 1-month review for new patients on opioids, and in-surgery pain referrals.

scholarly journals Engineering Sr-doping for enabling long-term stable FAPb1−xSrxI3 quantum dots with 100% photoluminescence quantum yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1555-1566
Author(s):  
Andrés F. Gualdrón-Reyes ◽  
David F. Macias-Pinilla ◽  
Sofia Masi ◽  
Carlos Echeverría-Arrondo ◽  
Said Agouram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Photoluminescence Quantum Yield ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Pb Substitution

The Pb substitution in quantum dots (PQDs) with lesser toxic metals has been widely searched to be environmentally friendly, and be of comparable or improved performance compared to the lead-perovskite.

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